ABSTRACT
Objective:
The differences in clinical outcomes in hospitalized
patients with hematological disorders (HD)
who developed either coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) or seasonal
influenza (SI) are not fully understood. To examine these differences, we retrospectively analyzed the baseline characteristics and clinical outcomes of hospitalized
patients with HD admitted from 2016 to 2021.
Patients and
Methods:
Patients with HD
who developed COVID-19 (in the past 1 year) (n=21) or SI (in the past 5 years) (n=23) in the Department of
Hematology/Oncology, Asahikawa Kosei
General Hospital were evaluated.
Results:
The median ages of the
patients with HD with either COVID-19 or SI were 80 and 68 years, respectively (P=0.03). The groups showed no significant differences in
sex ratio,
body mass index, or Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status. In the COVID-19 and SI groups, the most common primary
diseases were
diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (43%) and
multiple myeloma (39%), respectively. The median numbers of days of
oxygen administration (8 vs. 0 days),
quarantine (25 vs. 6 days), and
hospitalization (72 vs. 21 days) were significantly higher in HD
patients with COVID-19 than those in HD
patients with SI (all P<0.001). The overall 90-day
survival of
patients with HD and COVID-19 was significantly shorter than that of
patients with HD and SI (P=0.019). Moreover,
patients with HD and COVID-19 had a higher
risk of
in-hospital mortality (43% vs. 9%;
odds ratio, 7.50; 95%
confidence interval, 1.26–82.4; P=0.01) compared to
patients with HD and SI.
Conclusion:
Patients with HD and COVID-19 required longer periods of in-
hospital medical and showed poorer
survival than those with SI. During the COVID-19 pandemic, hematologists should closely monitor the condition of
patients with COVID-19 to closely monitor their condition to prevent deaths.