Age-specific effects of vaccine egg adaptation and immune priming on A(H3N2) antibody responses following influenza vaccination.
J Clin Invest
; 131(8)2021 04 15.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1219557
ABSTRACT
A(H3N2) influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) was low during the 2016-19 seasons and varied by age. We analyzed neutralizing antibody responses to egg- and cell-propagated A(H3N2) vaccine and circulating viruses following vaccination in 375 individuals (aged 7 months to 82 years) across all vaccine-eligible age groups in 3 influenza seasons. Antibody responses to cell- versus egg-propagated vaccine viruses were significantly reduced due to the egg-adapted changes T160K, D225G, and L194P in the vaccine hemagglutinins. Vaccine egg adaptation had a differential impact on antibody responses across the different age groups. Immunologically naive children immunized with egg-adapted vaccines mostly mounted antibodies targeting egg-adapted epitopes, whereas those previously primed with infection produced broader responses even when vaccinated with egg-based vaccines. In the elderly, repeated boosts of vaccine egg-adapted epitopes significantly reduced antibody responses to the WT cell-grown viruses. Analysis with reverse genetic viruses suggested that the response to each egg-adapted substitution varied by age. No differences in antibody responses were observed between male and female vaccinees. Here, the combination of age-specific responses to vaccine egg-adapted substitutions, diverse host immune priming histories, and virus antigenic drift affected antibody responses following vaccination and may have led to the low and variable VE against A(H3N2) viruses across different age groups.
Keywords
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Ovum
/
Influenza Vaccines
/
Vaccination
/
Influenza, Human
/
Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype
/
Antibodies, Viral
/
Antibody Formation
Type of study:
Experimental Studies
/
Randomized controlled trials
Topics:
Vaccines
Limits:
Adolescent
/
Adult
/
Aged
/
Animals
/
Child
/
Child, preschool
/
Female
/
Humans
/
Infant
/
Male
Language:
English
Year:
2021
Document Type:
Article
Similar
MEDLINE
...
LILACS
LIS