High levels of eicosanoids and docosanoids in the lungs of intubated COVID-19 patients.
FASEB J
; 35(6): e21666, 2021 06.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1242109
ABSTRACT
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is responsible for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). While COVID-19 is often benign, a subset of patients develops severe multilobar pneumonia that can progress to an acute respiratory distress syndrome. There is no cure for severe COVID-19 and few treatments significantly improved clinical outcome. Dexamethasone and possibly aspirin, which directly/indirectly target the biosynthesis/effects of numerous lipid mediators are among those options. Our objective was to define if severe COVID-19 patients were characterized by increased bioactive lipids modulating lung inflammation. A targeted lipidomic analysis of bronchoalveolar lavages (BALs) by tandem mass spectrometry was done on 25 healthy controls and 33 COVID-19 patients requiring mechanical ventilation. BALs from severe COVID-19 patients were characterized by increased fatty acids and inflammatory lipid mediators. There was a predominance of thromboxane and prostaglandins. Leukotrienes were also increased, notably LTB4 , LTE4 , and eoxin E4 . Monohydroxylated 15-lipoxygenase metabolites derived from linoleate, arachidonate, eicosapentaenoate, and docosahexaenoate were also increased. Finally yet importantly, specialized pro-resolving mediators, notably lipoxin A4 and the D-series resolvins, were also increased, underscoring that the lipid mediator storm occurring in severe COVID-19 involves pro- and anti-inflammatory lipids. Our data unmask the lipid mediator storm occurring in the lungs of patients afflicted with severe COVID-19. We discuss which clinically available drugs could be helpful at modulating the lipidome we observed in the hope of minimizing the deleterious effects of pro-inflammatory lipids and enhancing the effects of anti-inflammatory and/or pro-resolving lipid mediators.
Keywords
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Leukotriene E4
/
Leukotriene B4
/
Lipoxins
/
SARS-CoV-2
/
COVID-19
/
Lung
Type of study:
Prognostic study
Limits:
Adult
/
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
/
Middle aged
Language:
English
Journal:
FASEB J
Journal subject:
Biology
/
Physiology
Year:
2021
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Fj.202100540R
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