Host cell entry mediators implicated in the cellular tropism of SARSCoV2, the pathophysiology of COVID19 and the identification of microRNAs that can modulate the expression of these mediators (Review).
Int J Mol Med
; 49(2)2022 02.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1594678
ABSTRACT
The pathophysiology of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID19) is mainly dependent on the underlying mechanisms that mediate the entry of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV2) into the host cells of the various human tissues/organs. Recent studies have indicated a higher order of complexity of the mechanisms of infectivity, given that there is a widerepertoire of possible cell entry mediators that appear to colocalise in a cell and tissuespecific manner. The present study provides an overview of the 'canonical' SARSCoV2 mediators, namely angiotensin converting enzyme 2, transmembrane protease serine 2 and 4, and neuropilin1, expanding on the involvement of novel candidates, including glucoseregulated protein 78, basigin, kidney injury molecule1, metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 2, ADAM metallopeptidase domain 17 (also termed tumour necrosis factorα convertase) and Tolllike receptor 4. Furthermore, emerging data indicate that changes in microRNA (miRNA/miR) expression levels in patients with COVID19 are suggestive of further complexity in the regulation of these viral mediators. An in silico analysis revealed 160 candidate miRNAs with potential strong binding capacity in the aforementioned genes. Future studies should concentrate on elucidating the association between the cellular tropism of the SARSCoV2 cell entry mediators and the mechanisms through which they might affect the clinical outcome. Finally, the clinical utility as a biomarker or therapeutic target of miRNAs in the context of COVID19 warrants further investigation.
Keywords
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Receptors, Virus
/
MicroRNAs
/
Virus Internalization
/
SARS-CoV-2
/
COVID-19
Type of study:
Prognostic study
Limits:
Humans
Language:
English
Journal subject:
Molecular Biology
/
Genetics, Medical
Year:
2022
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Ijmm.2021.5075
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