SARS-CoV-2 prolonged infection during advanced HIV disease evolves extensive immune escape.
Cell Host Microbe
; 30(2): 154-162.e5, 2022 02 09.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1708092
ABSTRACT
Characterizing SARS-CoV-2 evolution in specific geographies may help predict properties of the variants that come from these regions. We mapped neutralization of a SARS-CoV-2 strain that evolved over 6 months from ancestral virus in a person with advanced HIV disease in South Africa; this person was infected prior to emergence of the Beta and Delta variants. We longitudinally tracked the evolved virus and tested it against self-plasma and convalescent plasma from ancestral, Beta, and Delta infections. Early virus was similar to ancestral, but it evolved a multitude of mutations found in Omicron and other variants. It showed substantial but incomplete Pfizer BNT162b2 escape, weak neutralization by self-plasma, and despite pre-dating Delta, it also showed extensive escape of Delta infection-elicited neutralization. This example is consistent with the notion that SARS-CoV-2 evolving in individual immune-compromised hosts, including those with advanced HIV disease, may gain immune escape of vaccines and enhanced escape of Delta immunity, and this has implications for vaccine breakthrough and reinfections.
Keywords
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
HIV Infections
/
Antibodies, Neutralizing
/
Immune Evasion
/
Immunogenicity, Vaccine
/
SARS-CoV-2
/
BNT162 Vaccine
Type of study:
Prognostic study
Topics:
Vaccines
/
Variants
Limits:
Adult
/
Animals
/
Female
/
Humans
Country/Region as subject:
Africa
Language:
English
Journal:
Cell Host Microbe
Journal subject:
Microbiology
Year:
2022
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
J.chom.2022.01.005
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