Modeling SARS-CoV-2 and influenza infections and antiviral treatments in human lung epithelial tissue equivalents.
Commun Biol
; 5(1): 810, 2022 08 12.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1991681
ABSTRACT
There is a critical need for physiologically relevant, robust, and ready-to-use in vitro cellular assay platforms to rapidly model the infectivity of emerging viruses and develop new antiviral treatments. Here we describe the cellular complexity of human alveolar and tracheobronchial air liquid interface (ALI) tissue models during SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A virus (IAV) infections. Our results showed that both SARS-CoV-2 and IAV effectively infect these ALI tissues, with SARS-CoV-2 exhibiting a slower replication peaking at later time-points compared to IAV. We detected tissue-specific chemokine and cytokine storms in response to viral infection, including well-defined biomarkers in severe SARS-CoV-2 and IAV infections such as CXCL10, IL-6, and IL-10. Our single-cell RNA sequencing analysis showed similar findings to that found in vivo for SARS-CoV-2 infection, including dampened IFN response, increased chemokine induction, and inhibition of MHC Class I presentation not observed for IAV infected tissues. Finally, we demonstrate the pharmacological validity of these ALI tissue models as antiviral drug screening assay platforms, with the potential to be easily adapted to include other cell types and increase the throughput to test relevant pathogens.
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Influenza A virus
/
Influenza, Human
/
COVID-19 Drug Treatment
Type of study:
Diagnostic study
Limits:
Humans
Language:
English
Journal:
Commun Biol
Year:
2022
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
S42003-022-03753-7
Similar
MEDLINE
...
LILACS
LIS