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Loss of Pfizer (BNT162b2) Vaccine-Induced Antibody Responses against the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant in Adolescents and Adults.
Gupta, Sneh Lata; Mantus, Grace; Manning, Kelly E; Ellis, Madison; Patel, Mit; Ciric, Caroline Rose; Lu, Austin; Turner, Jackson S; O'Halloran, Jane A; Presti, Rachel M; Joshi, Devyani Jaideep; Ellebedy, Ali H; Anderson, Evan J; Rostad, Christina A; Suthar, Mehul S; Wrammert, Jens.
  • Gupta SL; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
  • Mantus G; Emory Vaccine Center, Emory Universitygrid.189967.8grid.471395.dgrid.189967.8 School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
  • Manning KE; Centers for Childhood Infections and Vaccines, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
  • Ellis M; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
  • Patel M; Emory Vaccine Center, Emory Universitygrid.189967.8grid.471395.dgrid.189967.8 School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
  • Ciric CR; Centers for Childhood Infections and Vaccines, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
  • Lu A; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
  • Turner JS; Emory Vaccine Center, Emory Universitygrid.189967.8grid.471395.dgrid.189967.8 School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
  • O'Halloran JA; National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
  • Presti RM; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
  • Joshi DJ; Emory Vaccine Center, Emory Universitygrid.189967.8grid.471395.dgrid.189967.8 School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
  • Ellebedy AH; National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
  • Anderson EJ; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
  • Rostad CA; Emory Vaccine Center, Emory Universitygrid.189967.8grid.471395.dgrid.189967.8 School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
  • Suthar MS; National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
  • Wrammert J; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
J Virol ; 96(17): e0058222, 2022 09 14.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1992936
ABSTRACT
Emerging variants, especially the recent Omicron variant, and gaps in vaccine coverage threaten mRNA vaccine mediated protection against SARS-CoV-2. While children have been relatively spared by the ongoing pandemic, increasing case numbers and hospitalizations are now evident among children. Thus, it is essential to better understand the magnitude and breadth of vaccine-induced immunity in children against circulating viral variant of concerns (VOCs). Here, we compared the magnitude and breadth of humoral immune responses in adolescents and adults 1 month after the two-dose Pfizer (BNT162b2) vaccination. We found that adolescents (aged 11 to 16) demonstrated more robust binding antibody and neutralization responses against the wild-type SARS-CoV-2 virus spike protein contained in the vaccine compared to adults (aged 27 to 55). The quality of the antibody responses against VOCs in adolescents were very similar to adults, with modest changes in binding and neutralization of Beta, Gamma, and Delta variants. In comparison, a significant reduction of binding titers and a striking lack of neutralization was observed against the newly emerging Omicron variant for both adolescents and adults. Overall, our data show that a two-dose BNT162b2 vaccine series may be insufficient to protect against the Omicron variant. IMPORTANCE While plasma binding and neutralizing antibody responses have been reported for cohorts of infected and vaccinated adults, much less is known about the vaccine-induced antibody responses to variants including Omicron in children. This illustrates the need to characterize vaccine efficacy in key vulnerable populations. A third (booster) dose of BNTb162b was approved for children 12 to 15 years of age by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on January 1, 2022, and pediatric clinical trials are under way to evaluate the safety, immunogenicity, and effectiveness of a third dose in younger children. Similarly, variant-specific booster doses and pan-coronavirus vaccines are areas of active research. Our data show adolescents mounted stronger humoral immune responses after vaccination than adults. It also highlights the need for future studies of antibody durability in adolescents and children as well as the need for future studies of booster vaccination and their efficacy against the Omicron variant.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 / BNT162 Vaccine / Antibodies, Viral / Antibody Formation Type of study: Cohort study / Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study Topics: Vaccines / Variants Limits: Adolescent / Adult / Child / Humans Language: English Journal: J Virol Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Jvi.00582-22

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 / BNT162 Vaccine / Antibodies, Viral / Antibody Formation Type of study: Cohort study / Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study Topics: Vaccines / Variants Limits: Adolescent / Adult / Child / Humans Language: English Journal: J Virol Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Jvi.00582-22