Head and neck mycetoma: Clinical findings, investigations, and predictors for recurrence of the disease in Sudan: A retrospective study.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis
; 16(10): e0010838, 2022 10.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2154218
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION:
Mycetoma is a unique neglected tropical disease which is found endemic in areas known as the "mycetoma belt". Head and neck mycetoma is a rarity and it has many devastating impacts on patients and communities. In this study, we assessed clinical findings, investigations, and predictors for recurrence of head and neck mycetoma in Sudan.METHODOLOGY:
A retrospective study was conducted at Mycetoma Research Center in Khartoum between January 1999 and December 2020 for all patients with head and neck mycetoma. Data were analyzed using R software version 4.0.2.RESULTS:
We included 107 patients with head and neck mycetoma. 65.4% were young adult males from mycetoma endemic areas in Sudan, and most of them were students (33.6%). Most of patients (64.4%) had actinomycetoma. Before presenting with head and neck mycetoma, majority (75.7%) had a long duration with mycetoma, and 30.8% had a history of trauma. The commonest invaded site was the parietal region (30.8%). The lesion started gradually in most of the patients (96.3%). 53.3% of the patients had large size lesions with no sweating, regional lymph nodes involvement, or distal vein involvement. CT scan was the most accurate diagnostic tool while 8.4% of patients were diagnosed by clinical examinations only. Laboratory investigations confirmed that 24/45 (44.4%) of actinomycetoma was caused by Streptomyces somaliensis while 13/28 (46.4%) of eumycetoma was caused by Madurella mycetomatis. All patients with recurrence of head and neck mycetoma underwent surgical excision of the lesion (n = 41/41 {100%}, p < 0.001).CONCLUSION:
In head and neck mycetoma, the most common type was actinomycetes in Sudan. Majority had a long course of mycetoma and the commonest causative organism was Streptomyces somaliensis. The treatment outcome was poor and characterized by a low cure rate.
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Madurella
/
Mycetoma
Type of study:
Diagnostic study
/
Observational study
/
Prognostic study
Topics:
Long Covid
Limits:
Adult
/
Humans
/
Male
/
Young adult
Country/Region as subject:
Africa
Language:
English
Journal:
PLoS Negl Trop Dis
Journal subject:
Tropical Medicine
Year:
2022
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
JOURNAL.PNTD.0010838
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