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Mechanisms and Pathways for Coordinated Control of Fine Particulate Matter and Ozone.
Ojha, Narendra; Soni, Meghna; Kumar, Manish; Gunthe, Sachin S; Chen, Ying; Ansari, Tabish U.
  • Ojha N; Physical Research Laboratory, Ahmedabad, India.
  • Soni M; Physical Research Laboratory, Ahmedabad, India.
  • Kumar M; Indian Institute of Technology, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India.
  • Gunthe SS; Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
  • Chen Y; EWRE Division, Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India.
  • Ansari TU; Laboratory for Atmospheric and Climate Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India.
Curr Pollut Rep ; : 1-11, 2022 Aug 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2175374
ABSTRACT
Purpose of Review Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and ground-level ozone (O3) pose a significant risk to human health. The World Health Organization (WHO) has recently revised healthy thresholds for both pollutants. The formation and evolution of PM2.5 and O3 are however governed by complex physical and multiphase chemical processes, and therefore, it is extremely challenging to mitigate both pollutants simultaneously. Here, we review mechanisms and discuss the science-informed pathways for effective and simultaneous mitigation of PM2.5 and O3. Recent

Findings:

Global warming has led to a general increase in biogenic emissions, which can enhance the formation of O3 and secondary organic aerosols. Reductions in anthropogenic emissions during the COVID-19 lockdown reduced PM2.5; however, O3 was enhanced in several polluted regions. This was attributed to more intense sunlight due to low aerosol loading and non-linear response of O3 to NO x . Such contrasting physical and chemical interactions hinder the formulation of a clear roadmap for clean air over such regions.

Summary:

Atmospheric chemistry including the role of biogenic emissions, aerosol-radiation interactions, boundary layer, and regional-scale transport are the key aspects that need to be carefully considered in the formulation of mitigation pathways. Therefore, a thorough understanding of the chemical effects of the emission reductions, changes in photolytic rates and boundary layer due to perturbation of solar radiation, and the effect of meteorological/seasonal changes are needed on a regional basis. Statistical emulators and machine learning approaches can aid the cumbersome process of multi-sector multi-species source attribution.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Type of study: Prognostic study Language: English Journal: Curr Pollut Rep Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S40726-022-00229-4

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Type of study: Prognostic study Language: English Journal: Curr Pollut Rep Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S40726-022-00229-4