Just breathe: a review of sex and gender in chronic lung disease.
Eur Respir Rev
; 31(163)2022 Mar 31.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2214521
ABSTRACT
Chronic lung diseases are the third leading cause of death worldwide and are increasing in prevalence over time. Although much of our traditional understanding of health and disease is derived from study of the male of the species - be it animal or human - there is increasing evidence that sex and gender contribute to differences in disease risk, prevalence, presentation, severity, treatment approach, response and outcomes. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma and bronchiectasis represent the most prevalent and studied chronic lung diseases and have key sex- and gender-based differences which are critical to consider and incorporate into clinical and research approaches. Mechanistic differences present opportunities for therapeutic development whereas behavioural and clinical differences on the part of patients and providers present opportunities for greater education and understanding at multiple levels. In this review, we seek to summarise the sex- and gender-based differences in key chronic lung diseases and outline the clinical and research implications for stakeholders.
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Asthma
/
Bronchiectasis
/
Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive
/
Lung Diseases
Type of study:
Diagnostic study
/
Observational study
/
Prognostic study
Limits:
Humans
/
Male
Language:
English
Year:
2022
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
16000617.0111-2021
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