Pathomorphological changes of the placenta in pregnant women infected with coronavirus covid-19

ABSTRACT

Introduction. In December 2019, a cluster of unexplained cases of pneumonia was discovered in Wuhan City, Hubei Province. The review team has identified the pathogen as a new type of coronavirus (COVID-19), similar to the severe human acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus, MERS-CoV). Purpose. To study pathological changes in the placenta in pregnant women infected with the new coronavirus. Research methods. The data of 19 cases of pregnant women diagnosed with COVID-19 infection, obtained in the Kagan maternity hospital of Bukhara region, were analyzed, in addition to hematological, biochemical studies, placental tissue was collected to identify pathomorphological changes. Pathomorphological examinations of the placentas were carried out in the Bukhara regional pathological center. Results. All 19 pregnant women diagnosed with COVID-19 infection were in their third trimester of pregnancy and were taken to the hospital for emergency treatment by caesarean section. In all patients, the main symptom was fever without significant leukopenia and lymphopenia. The COVID-19 nucleic acid test was positive in many pregnant women, only a few pregnant women were negative. As of September 25, 2020, none of the 19 women had the disease progressed to serious illness or died (all patients were cured and discharged). Histopathological analysis of the placenta showed that there was chorionic hemangioma and multifocal infarction;in all cases, a different degree of fibrin deposition in the interstitium of the villi or around it under a microscope was observed, as well as increased local syncytial nodules. Conclusion. Clinical manifestations of 19 pregnant women infected with COVID-19 in the third trimester of pregnancy were similar to those of non-pregnant patients, and no serious adverse pregnancy outcomes were found;pathological analysis showed that there are no special morphological changes associated with viral infection in the placental tissue, and not all intrauterine transmission from mother to fetus was found. © 2021, Advanced Scientific Research. All rights reserved.