Overweight and associated factors in Basic Education teachers during the Covid-19 pandemic: gender differentials / Excesso de peso e fatores associados entre professores da Educação Básica durante a pandemia de Covid-19: diferenciais de sexo

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective To estimate the prevalence of overweight among teachers in Minas Gerais during the Covid-19 pandemic and to review relevant gender associated factors. Methods Cross-sectional and analytical study, websurvey type, carried out with 15,641 teachers of public Basic Education in Minas Gerais, Brazil. Data collection took place from August to September 2020 with the use of a digital form. The dependent variable was overweight, calculated by the body mass index using the teachers' self-reported weight and height. Poisson regression was used, with robust variance. Results Among the participating teachers, 52.4% were overweight. When stratified by gender, 51.1% women and 58.2% men were considered overweight, with a significant difference between them (p<0.001). There was a higher prevalence of overweight among women in the age group of 30 to 59 years (PR=1.39) and in women 60 years or older (PR=1.45) living in the metropolitan region of the state (PR=1.06) who had children (PR=1.19), who were not exercising (PR=1.09) and with a worse dietary pattern during the pandemic (PR=1.12), much afraid of Covid-19 (PR=1.04) and with anxiety and/or depression during the pandemic (PR=1.14). Among men, there was a higher prevalence of overweight among those individuals aged 30 to 59 years (PR=1.19), who lived with a spouse (PR=1.15) working more than 40 hours per week (PR=1.12) and those with the worst dietary pattern during the pandemic (PR=1.10). Conclusion The results showed a 52.4% prevalence of overweight teachers and different associated factors between the genders.

RESUMO

RESUMO Objetivo Estimar a prevalência de excesso de peso entre professores de Minas Gerais durante a pandemia de Covid-19 e analisar os fatores associados segundo o sexo. Métodos Estudo transversal e analítico, do tipo websurvey, realizado com 15.641 professores da educação básica pública de Minas Gerais, Brasil. A coleta de dados ocorreu de agosto a setembro de 2020, via formulário digital. A variável dependente foi o excesso de peso, calculado pelo índice de massa corporal através do peso e altura autorreferidos pelos professores. Utilizou-se a Regressão de Poisson, com variância robusta. Resultados Entre os professores participantes, 52,4% estavam com excesso de peso. Quando estratificado por sexo, 51,1% das mulheres e 58,2% dos homens estavam com excesso de peso, apresentando diferença significativa entre eles (p<0,001). Houve maior prevalência de excesso de peso entre as mulheres de 30 a 59 anos (RP=1,39) e 60 anos ou mais (RP=1,45), da região metropolitana do Estado (RP=1,06), com filhos (RP=1,19), que não estavam praticando exercício físico durante a pandemia (RP=1,09), com pior padrão alimentar durante a pandemia (RP=1,12), com muito medo da Covid-19 (RP=1,04) e com ansiedade e/ou depressão durante a pandemia (RP=1,14). Entre os homens, houve maior prevalência de excesso de peso entre aqueles de 30 a 59 anos (RP=1,19), que viviam com cônjuge (RP=1,15), que trabalhavam mais de 40 horas semanais (RP=1,12) e aqueles com pior padrão alimentar durante a pandemia (RP=1,10). Conclusão Os resultados evidenciaram que 52,4% dos professores respondentes estavam com excesso de peso, tendo sido encontrados diferentes fatores associados entre os sexos.