Association between Viral Infections and Risk of Autistic Disorder: An Overview.
Int J Environ Res Public Health
; 18(6)2021 03 10.
文章
在 英语
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1134161
ABSTRACT
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition of the central nervous system (CNS) that presents with severe communication problems, impairment of social interactions, and stereotypic behaviours. Emerging studies indicate possible associations between viral infections and neurodegenerative and neurobehavioural conditions including autism. Viral infection during critical periods of early in utero neurodevelopment may lead to increased risk of autism in the offspring. This review is aimed at highlighting the association between viral infections, including viruses similar to COVID-19, and the aetiology of autism. A literature search was conducted using Pubmed, Ovid/Medline, and Google Scholar database. Relevant search terms included "rubella and autism", "cytomegalovirus and autism", "influenza virus and autism", "Zika virus and autism", "COVID-19 and autism". Based on the search terms, a total of 141 articles were obtained and studies on infants or children with congenital or perinatal viral infection and autistic behaviour were evaluated. The possible mechanisms by which viral infections could lead to autism include direct teratogenic effects and indirect effects of inflammation or maternal immune activation on the developing brain. Brain imaging studies have shown that the ensuing immune response from these viral infections could lead to disruption of the development of brain regions and structures. Hence, long-term follow up is necessary for infants whose mothers report an inflammatory event due to viral infection at any time during pregnancy to monitor for signs of autism. Research into the role of viral infection in the development of ASD may be one avenue of improving ASD outcomes in the future. Early screening and diagnosis to detect, and maybe even prevent ASD are essential to reduce the burden of this condition.
Keywords
全文:
可用
采集:
国际数据库
资料库:
MEDLINE
主要主题:
Autistic Disorder
/
Virus Diseases
/
Autism Spectrum Disorder
/
Zika Virus
/
Zika Virus Infection
/
COVID-19
研究类型:
队列研究
/
诊断研究
/
病因学研究
/
实验研究
/
观察性研究
/
预后研究
/
点评
限制:
儿童
/
女性
/
人类
/
婴幼儿
/
妊娠
语言:
英语
年:
2021
类型:
文章
所属国家:
Ijerph18062817
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