Subject(s)
Hyperpigmentation/classification , Macula Lutea/pathology , Retinal Diseases/classification , Vision Disorders/classification , Humans , Hyperpigmentation/diagnosis , Hyperpigmentation/etiology , Retinal Diseases/diagnosis , Retinal Diseases/etiology , Vision Disorders/diagnosis , Vision Disorders/etiologySubject(s)
Hyperpigmentation/classification , Macula Lutea/pathology , Retinal Diseases/classification , Vision Disorders/classification , Humans , Hyperpigmentation/diagnosis , Hyperpigmentation/etiology , Retinal Diseases/diagnosis , Retinal Diseases/etiology , Vision Disorders/diagnosis , Vision Disorders/etiologyABSTRACT
Scalp mucormycosis in children is extremely rare. We present a case of pediatric scalp mucormycosis caused by Rhizopus oryzae in a 9-year-old diabetic girl who was successfully diagnosed and treated with amphotericin B deoxycholate and wound debridement. At 3 months follow up, the patient was stable although she had lost her vision.
Subject(s)
Dermatomycoses/diagnosis , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/diagnosis , Eyelids/pathology , Mucormycosis/diagnosis , Scalp/pathology , Child , Dermatomycoses/complications , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/complications , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/therapy , Eyelids/microbiology , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Mucormycosis/complications , Mucormycosis/therapy , Rhizopus/isolation & purification , Scalp/microbiology , Vision Disorders/diagnosis , Vision Disorders/etiologyABSTRACT
Leprosy causes several ocular disorders, and it also causes aftereffect with high frequency in various ways. Primary impairment is the ocular disturbance caused with direct invasion of nerve and ocular tissue by Mycobacterium leprae. Secondary impairment is the complication of nerve paralysis and residual inflammation due to primary disorder. Main work at Japanese national leprosariums has been the control of primary and secondary impairment in recent years. Clinical ophthalmic study in the leprosarium revealed a increase of age-related ocular disease in addition to aftereffect of leprosy. Severe sequelae due to sensory and functional disturbance will require suitable applications of advanced clinical technologies.
Subject(s)
Eye Diseases/etiology , Leprosy/complications , Vision Disorders/etiology , Aging/physiology , Cornea/physiopathology , Eye Diseases/diagnosis , Eye Diseases/rehabilitation , Eye Diseases/therapy , Fluorescein Angiography , Humans , Intraocular Pressure , Vision Disorders/diagnosis , Vision Disorders/rehabilitation , Vision Disorders/therapy , Vision, OcularABSTRACT
This study is based upon the observation f 363 leprosy patients having different types of the disease. At the time of the examination, we did not have any previous knowledge about the type of leprosy the patients were having. Thus, the eye examination was done without the knowledge of clinical diagnosis. The ocular examination protocol covered the following: visual activity, facial muscle function, eyebrows, eyelashes, lacrimal system, pupil, eye motility, corneal sensitivity, Schirmir's test and study of the anterior segment of the ocular bulb with a slit-lamp. The study patients included 275 cases of lepromatous leprosy, 57 tuberculoid, 29 indeterminate and two dimorphous cases. The age of the patients ranged between 18 and 82 years, and 229 of them were males. Among those patients, 183 were whites, 23 were black and 157 were mulatto.
Subject(s)
Eye Diseases/etiology , Leprosy/complications , Vision Disorders/etiology , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Brazil/epidemiology , Conjunctival Diseases/etiology , Conjunctival Diseases/pathology , Corneal Diseases/etiology , Corneal Diseases/pathology , Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological , Eye Diseases/diagnosis , Eye Diseases/epidemiology , Eye Diseases/pathology , Eye Infections, Bacterial/complications , Eyebrows/pathology , Female , Humans , Iris Diseases/etiology , Iris Diseases/pathology , Leprosy/epidemiology , Leprosy/ethnology , Male , Middle Aged , Reflex, Pupillary , Scleral Diseases/etiology , Scleral Diseases/pathology , Vision Disorders/diagnosis , Vision Disorders/epidemiology , Vision Disorders/pathology , Visual AcuityABSTRACT
In this study, 997 leprosy patients were examined, 528 of them with lepromatous leprosy (53%), 199 with borderline leprosy (20%), 167 with tuberculoid leprosy (16%) and 103 (10.3%) with indeterminate leprosy. Changes in the ocular bulb were noted in 314 patients (31.5%) specially in those with lepromatous leprosy. These alterations were greater with increasing age of the patient and length of disease. Severe ocular lesions were rare, probably due to previous systemic treatment. The "pearls" in the fundus of the eye resulting from leprosy were also studied.
Subject(s)
Eye Diseases/epidemiology , Eye Diseases/etiology , Leprosy/complications , Leprosy/epidemiology , Vision Disorders/epidemiology , Vision Disorders/etiology , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Brazil/epidemiology , Child , Child, Preschool , Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological , Eye/pathology , Eye Diseases/diagnosis , Eye Diseases/pathology , Eye Diseases/therapy , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Vision Disorders/diagnosis , Vision Disorders/pathology , Vision Disorders/therapy , Visual AcuityABSTRACT
Responsibility for eye care of leprosy-affected persons should be shared between leprosy and eye care staff. Leprosy and PHC staff should be responsible for: treatment of reversal reactions in the face, and of recent lagophthalmos, with prednisolone, conservative treatment of mild lagophthalmos, referral of patients with severe lagophthalmos and/or exposure keratitis, unless there is sufficient expertise within the programme, recognition of the acute red eye and treatment of acute conjunctivitis, referral of all other conditions of acute red eye, unless there is sufficient expertise within the programme, recognition of severe visual impairment and referral as needed, recognition of the need for reading glasses in patients aged over 40 years, in rehabilitation services, encouraging medical colleges, Control of Blindness Societies, and staff of general eye care facilities, to actively take part in the treatment of eye complications in patients affected by leprosy, and encouraging charitable organizations to provide special eye care programmes for patients affected by leprosy, in particular for those who are disabled and are living in leprosy settlements. Eye care services (a visiting ophthalmologist or paramedical ophthalmic assistant to the specialized leprosy centres for consultation is an appropriate alternative and may sometimes be even more feasible) should take the responsibility for: eyelid surgery in patients with large lid gaps (> 6 mm), or, signs of exposure keratitis, and treatment and follow-up of acute iritis, corneal ulcers, foreign bodies, and other causes of 'the acute red eye', in cooperation with the leprosy service or PHC staff. The eye care services should offer 'positive discrimination' in the treatment of cataract-blind leprosy patients, realizing the great difficulties that these patients have in avoiding injuries or taking care of injuries once they have occurred, especially in the case of limbs that have lost protective sensation.
Subject(s)
Disease Management , Eye Diseases/etiology , Leprosy/complications , Vision Disorders/etiology , Blindness/etiology , Blindness/prevention & control , Delivery of Health Care , Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological , Eye Diseases/diagnosis , Eye Diseases/prevention & control , Eye Diseases/therapy , Health Personnel/education , Humans , Ophthalmology , Practice Guidelines as Topic , Program Development , Vision Disorders/diagnosis , Vision Disorders/prevention & control , Vision Disorders/therapySubject(s)
Vision Disorders/epidemiology , Aged , Denmark , Female , Humans , Male , Vision Disorders/diagnosisABSTRACT
A total of 116 patients in Nepal with advanced leprosy were examined in an ophthalmological survey. All patients were older than 20 years and none had suffered from leprosy for less than 10 years. Abnormal ocular findings occurred in 69.8% of all patients and 9.3% of the eyes were blind. The results are compared with those of other authors.