ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To optimize the formulation of Eisemia foetida protein (EFP) burn spray. METHODS: A five-factor, three-level response surface method was employed; The response variable was the proliferation effect of EFP on NIH3T3 cells. RESULTS: The optimization formulation was as follows: the proportion of EFP, glycerol and mannitol was 0.91%, 1.42% and 5%, respectively; 0.02 mol/L Na2 HPO4 and 0.01 mol/L citric acid buffer system corresponding pH value was 7.0. CONCLUSION: The response surface method is reliable, efficient and suitable for optimizing the formulation of EFP burn spray.
Subject(s)
Cell Proliferation/drug effects , Chemistry, Pharmaceutical/methods , Mannitol/chemistry , Materia Medica/chemistry , Oligochaeta/chemistry , Proteins/chemistry , Aerosols , Animals , Burns/drug therapy , Citric Acid/chemistry , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Materia Medica/pharmacology , Mice , NIH 3T3 Cells , Preservatives, Pharmaceutical/chemistryABSTRACT
Aerodynamic thermal breakup droplet ionization (ATBDI) in mass spectrometric drug analysis is considered. Cocaine, heroin, and the main alkaloids of opium (morphine, codeine, papaverine) were chosen as the test compounds. The principles of ATBDI ionization are discussed. The dependences of the intensities of the peaks of the target compounds on temperature during ATBDI ionization are also considered. In some cases, a comparison of ATBDI ionization with electrospray ionization (ESI) was performed. In addition, a comparison of methods is demonstrated by the analysis of confiscated opium that was provided by the local police department. Five major alkaloids are found in opium: morphine, codeine, thebaine, papaverine, and narcotine.
Subject(s)
Cocaine/analysis , Heroin/analysis , Mass Spectrometry/methods , Narcotics/analysis , Opiate Alkaloids/analysis , Aerosols , Codeine/analysis , Hot Temperature , Opium/analysis , Papaverine/analysis , Solutions/chemistry , Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray IonizationABSTRACT
Illnesses related to both the pharmacologic properties of abused substances and their methods of administration often bring the teenager to medical attention and may provide sufficient motivation for the adolescent to seek help beyond the acute problem. Successful treatment of an overdose reaction, an abstinence syndrome, or any other medical complication of drug abuse may give the physician a unique opportunity to begine further evalution for future care.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Substance-Related Disorders/complications , Aerosols , Alcohol Drinking , Amphetamines , Bacterial Infections/etiology , Cannabis , Embolism/etiology , Female , Hallucinogens , Hepatitis A/etiology , Humans , Hypnotics and Sedatives , Malaria/etiology , Male , Opium , Pharmaceutical Preparations/administration & dosage , Poisoning/etiology , Substance Withdrawal Syndrome/etiology , Substance-Related Disorders/rehabilitationABSTRACT
La evidencia actual indica que las distintas marcas de inhaladores de dosis medida (IDM) puede presentar diferencias en la calidad y la cantidad de aerosol liberado. Este estudio evaluó las variaciones de parámetros simples (masa y número de puffs) de 11 productos en IDM que contienen: salbutamol, fenoterol, beclometasona, bromuro de ipratropio o una mezcla de ellos, existentes en el país y cuyas marcas comerciales son: aerolin, aldecin, beclovent, berodual, berotec, butotal, butotal-b, herolan, salbutamol LCh, ventide y xiten-100. Se midió la masa liberada en gramos por número de puffs y el número total de puffs de todas las marcas, como el la masa liberada por los IDM de salbutamol y mezclas (salbutamol + beclometasoma), fue significativa (F=84,75; p=0,001). El comportamiento de la masa y número de puffs hasta el puff número 200 fue homogéneo dentro de las cuales disminuyeron significativamente su masa liberada antes del puff número 200 (p< 0,05). Los resultados de este estudio indican que existen diferencias entre las distintas marcas de IDM, en las variables evaluadas en este estudio, y a la vez crean la necesidad de conocer la cantidad exacta de droga activa liberada y el tamaño de partículas de los aerosoles generados por los diversos IDM disponibles en el mercado nacional