Thalamic neuron theory: theoretical basis for the role played by the central nervous system (CNS) in the causes and cures of all diseases.

The Thalamic Neuron Theory (TNT) postulates that the central nervous system (CNS) is involved in all disease processes, as the CNS not only processes incoming physical and chemical information from the periphery, it also sends out physiological commands to the periphery in order to maintain homeostasis for the entire body. Inherent in its capacity to learn and adapt (i.e. to habituate) is the CNS' ability to learn to be sick (pathological habituation) by looking in certain deranged central neural circuitries, leading to chronic disease states. These pathologically habituated states can be reversed by dehabituation through manipulation or modulation of the abnormal neural circuits by physical means (physical neuromodulation) like acupuncture, or chemical means (chemoneuromodulation) such as Chinese medicine, homeopathy or other modern medical techniques in a repetitious manner to mimic the habituation process. Chemoneuromodulation can also be achieved by delivery of minute amounts of pharmacological agents to specific sites in the periphery such as the acupuncture loci. It is hypothesized that humoral and neurotrophic factors and cytokines could be highly effective neuromodulating agents. TNT assumes the blue print for embryological development is embodied in the phylogenetically ancient part of the brain. This primordial master plan, organized in the form of a homunculus, possibly encased in a small nucleus, retains control over the subsequently evolved parts of the brain so that the entire CNS functions like a composite homunculus which controls the physiological functions of the entire body. TNT further postulates that the master homunculus takes the shape of a curled up embryo with its large head buried close to its pelvic region, with its large feet and hands crossed over to the contralateral sides. Neuronal clusters along a neuronal chain in the homunculus represent acupuncture points in the periphery. The neuronal chain itself represents a meridian and Chi is nothing more than the phenomenon of neurotransmissions. Certain new theoretical concepts such as the principles of Adynamic Stat and Bilaterality are also presented. Many difficult to explain clinical observations in modern medicine, Chinese herbal medicine, acupuncture and homeopathy can now be adequately explained using TNT. Based on this model, new therapeutic techniques can be launched to combat a whole host of intractable diseases.

Central nervous system effects of intrathecal muscle relaxants in rats.

When given for a sufficient time and dose intravenously, neuromuscular blocking drugs eventually can enter the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). To study the potential pharmacologic consequences of neuromuscular blocking drugs in the CSF, a model was developed in the rat by using an intrathecal infusion of these drugs. A cannula was stereotaxically implanted in a lateral cerebral ventricle of anesthetized male Sprague-Dawley rats (250-300 g). Several days later, the effects of an intraventricular infusion (5 microL/min) of atracurium (0.804 mumol/mL), pancuronium (0.172 mumol/mL), and vecuronium (21.978 mumol/mL) were studied in unanesthetized rats. These rats (n = 6 in each group) exhibited dose-dependent hyperexcitability, during drug infusion, with seizures occurring at threshold doses of (mean), 0.12, 0.26, and 0.065 +/- 0.010 and 3.32 mumol/kg of atracurium, pancuronium, and vecuronium, respectively. The neuromuscular ED50 (intravenous dose required to produce a 50% depression of twitch tension) in rats determined by other investigators are 0.408, 0.115, and 0.352 mumol/kg for atracurium, pancuronium, and vecuronium, respectively. Therefore, seizure threshold doses were not related to the potencies of these drugs as neuromuscular blocking drugs. Based on these data, central nervous system effects were studied over the subseizure dose range approximating 1/100, 1/10, and 1/5 of the cumulative dose causing seizures for each drug (n = 5 for each dose). At 1/100 of seizure dose, decreased locomotor activity and piloerection occurred. At 1/10 to 1/5 of seizure dose, agitation, shivering, splayed limbs, and whole body shaking resulted.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)