Prevalence of complementary and alternative medicine use in Brazil: results of the National Health Survey, 2019.

BACKGROUND: In recent decades, it has been possible to observe an increase in Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) usage globally for both disease prevention and health promotion purposes. we aim to estimate the prevalence of CAM use and analyze associated factors in Brazil. METHODS: Observational study with data from the 2019 National Health Survey that evaluated a sample of Brazilian adults. The outcome was CAM use, such as acupuncture, homeopathy, medicinal plants and herbal medicines, meditation, and yoga in the last 12 months. A logistic regression model with a 99% confidence interval was used to assess factors associated with CAM use. RESULTS: The prevalence of CAM use in 2019 was 5.2% (CI99% = 4.8-5.6%), the most used modalities: medicinal plants and herbal medicines, with a prevalence of 3.0% (CI99% = 2.7-3.33) followed by: acupuncture 1.4% (CI99% = 1.3-1.6) homeopathy 0.9% (CI99% = 0.7-1.0), meditation 0.7% (CI99% = 0.6-0.8) and yoga 0.4% (CI99% = 0.4-0.5). We observed important geographical differences in CAM use in Brazil, with a higher prevalence in the North Region, 3.7% (CI99% = 2.81-4.75), where herbal medicines were more frequent the in the other regions. After estimating an adjusted model, women, older people, and people with a higher level of education and per capita income were the ones who used all types of CAM the most. The practice of yoga stands out among women 3.6% (CI99% = 2.49-5.28) and among individuals with higher per capita income 7.5% (CI99% = 2.97-18.93); meditation among individuals with higher educational level 13.4% (CI99% = 6.41-28.33) and acupuncture for those who declared regular or poor health 1.9% (CI99% = 1.51-2.39). CONCLUSIONS: We recommend that the Ministry of Health expand CAM access to Unified Health System users and promote health professionals' conscious and guided use for the Brazilian population.

A fase terminal do filho com câncer: percepções dos profissionais hospitalares / The terminal phase of children with cancer: perceptions of hospital professionals / La fase terminal del hijo con cáncer: percepciones de los profesionales del hospital

O confronto com o câncer de um filho e a percepção da sua morte como inevitável dão lugar a experiências parentais relevantes para a pesquisa científica. Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar, por meio da percepção dos profissionais hospitalares, o modo como os pais experienciam a fase terminal e fim de vida do filho com câncer para melhor compreender os processos psicoemocionais experienciados por esses pais diante da cronicidade da doença e da morte do filho. No sentido de alcançar esse objetivo, realizou-se um estudo qualitativo de tipo fenomenológico envolvendo 17 profissionais de dois hospitais portugueses de referência em oncologia pediátrica. Os dados foram recolhidos com recurso a um guia de entrevista semiestruturada. Na percepção dos profissionais hospitalares, os resultados evidenciam que esses pais experienciam múltiplas dificuldades e preocupações na fase terminal da doença do filho e no pós-morte, bem como um sofrimento extremo e desestruturação biopsicossocial e espiritual na família. O conhecimento aprofundado da fenomenologia desses processos é essencial para o desenho e a implementação de intervenções emocionais, cognitivas, comportamentais e sociais mais ajustadas às dificuldades e preocupações parentais vividas no fim de vida e pós-morte.(AU)

Coping with children's cancer and the perception of their inevitable death give rise to parental experiences that are important to study. This study aimed to investigate, based on hospital professionals' perspectives, how parents experience the terminal phase and end of life of their children suffering from cancer to better understand the psycho-emotional processes these parents experienced in face of the chronicity of the disease and their children's death. To achieve this objective, a qualitative phenomenological study was carried out involving 17 professionals of two Portuguese hospitals that are reference in pediatric oncology. Data were collected using a semi-structured interview guide. From the perspective of hospital professionals, results show that these parents experience multiple difficulties and concerns in the terminal phase of their children's disease and postmortem, as well as the extreme suffering and biopsychosocial and spiritual disruption of the family. A deeper understanding of the phenomenology of these processes is essential to design and implement better adjusted emotional, cognitive, behavioral, and social interventions aimed at the parental difficulties and concerns experienced at the end of life and after death.(AU)

El enfrentamiento del cáncer de un hijo y la percepción de su muerte como inevitable dan lugar a experiencias parentales importantes que deben ser estudiadas. Este estudio pretende identificar desde la percepción de los profesionales del hospital cómo los padres viven la fase terminal y el final de la vida de su hijo con cáncer con el fin de comprender mejor los procesos psicoemocionales que viven estos padres ante la cronicidad de la enfermedad y la muerte de su hijo. Para ello, se realizó un estudio cualitativo, con enfoque fenomenológico, en el que participaron 17 profesionales de dos hospitales portugueses de referencia en oncología pediátrica. Para recoger los datos se aplicó un guion de entrevista semiestructurada. En cuanto a la percepción de los profesionales del hospital, estos padres experimentaron múltiples dificultades y preocupaciones en la fase terminal de la enfermedad de su hijo y postmuerte, así como un sufrimiento extremo y una desestructuración biopsicosocial y espiritual en la familia. El conocimiento en profundidad de la fenomenología de estos procesos es esencial para elaborar e implementar intervenciones emocionales, cognitivas, conductuales y sociales más acordes a las dificultades y preocupaciones parentales que se experimentan al final de la vida y la postmuerte.(AU)

Narratividade na promoção da saúde: limites e possibilidades da racionalidade médica homeopática no cuidado centrado no sujeito / Narrativity in promoting health: limits and possibilities of homeopathic medical rationality in subject-centered care

Este artigo tem como objeto o papel da narração das histórias de vida dos pacientes durante a consulta homeopática na promoção da saúde e produção de autonomia dos sujeitos. Objetivos e Metodologia: A partir da abordagem sócio-histórica, foi realizada revisão de literatura narrativa, a fim de identificar os limites e as possibilidades do ato de narrar na racionalidade médica homeopática para a produção de subjetividades e autonomia na trajetória singular de cada indivíduo levar sua vida. Considerações Finais: Há atualidade e consonância de conceitos da racionalidade médica homeopática com o paradigma contemporâneo da promoção da saúde; as narrativas produzidas no ato da anamnese homeopática têm a potencialidade de ampliar a compreensão médica e do indivíduo para além da doença, analisando o fenômeno existencial do adoecimento. A anamnese homeopática, ao valorizar as experiências existenciais relatadas no âmbito de uma consulta, concorre para uma valorização dos sujeitos, o que contribuiria para a construção de sua subjetividade, autonomia e emponderamento.

This article focuses on the role of narrating patients' life stories during homeopathic consultations in promoting health and producing autonomy for subjects. Objectives and Methodology: Using a socio-historical approach, a narrative literature review was carried out in order to identify the limits and possibilities of the act of narrating in homeopathic medical rationality for the production of subjectivities and autonomy in the unique trajectory of each individual. your life. Final Considerations: The concepts of homeopathic medical rationality are current and consistent with the contemporary paradigm of health promotion; The narratives produced in the act of homeopathic anamnesis have the potential to expand medical and individual understanding beyond the disease, analyzing the existential phenomenon of illness. Homeopathic anamnesis, by valuing the existential experiences reported in the context of a consultation, contributes to an appreciation of the subjects, which would contribute to the construction of their subjectivity, autonomy and empowerment.

O mundo privado na UTI: análise da internação de pacientes oncológicos / The private world in the ICU: analysis of the hospitalization of oncology patientes / El mundo privado en la UCI: análisis de la hospitalización de pacientes oncológicos

O presente estudo buscou investigar a percepção que pacientes adultos de uma unidade de terapia intensiva (UTI) oncológica têm acerca da experiência de internação nesse setor. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa e de compreensão. Sete pacientes de um hospital de câncer na região Sul do país foram pesquisados. Eles responderam a uma entrevista semiestruturada, a qual foi gravada e posteriormente transcrita, o que possibilitou o acesso às concepções prévias desses sujeitos acerca da UTI, aspectos psicológicos presentes durante a internação e concepções posteriores à experiência de internamento na unidade. Tais informações foram interpretadas por meio da análise de conteúdo. A partir dos resultados, foi possível verificar que a experiência de internação em contextos de terapia intensiva pode ser afetada, favorável ou desfavoravelmente, pelo conjunto de regras que o paciente traz consigo acerca do que é a UTI. Além disso, foi possível compreender também que os estímulos aversivos existentes nesse ambiente podem ser atenuados pela presença da família e por uma relação acolhedora e sensível com a equipe de saúde, favorecendo, assim, o repertório de enfrentamento do paciente frente a esse momento crítico de saúde.(AU)

This study aims to investigate the perception of adult patients in an oncology intensive care unit (ICU) regarding the experience of hospitalization in this sector. This is a research with a qualitative approach and understanding. Seven patients from a cancer hospital in the southern region of the country were surveyed. They answered a semi-structured interview, which was recorded and later transcribed, on the subjects' previous conceptions about the ICU, psychological aspects present during hospitalization, and conceptions subsequent to the hospitalization experience in the Unit. Such information was interpreted through content analysis. From the results, it was possible to verify that the experience of hospitalization in intensive care contexts can be affected, favorably or unfavorably, by the set of rules that the patient brings with them about what the ICU is. In addition, it was also possible to understand that the aversive stimulus existing in this environment can be attenuated by the presence of the family and by a welcoming and sensitive relationship with the health team, thus favoring the patient's coping repertoire when facing a critical moment of health.(AU)

Este estudio pretendió investigar la percepción que tienen los pacientes adultos sobre la experiencia de hospitalización en una Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI) de oncología. Se trata de una investigación con enfoque cualitativo y de comprensión. Participaron siete pacientes de un hospital oncológico en la región Sur de Brasil. Se aplicó una entrevista semiestructurada, que fue grabada y, posteriormente, transcrita, lo que permitió acceder a las concepciones previas de los sujetos sobre la UCI, los aspectos psicológicos presentes durante la hospitalización y las concepciones posteriores a la experiencia de internación en la Unidad. Dicha información se interpretó mediante análisis de contenido. A partir de los resultados, fue posible constatar que la experiencia de hospitalización en cuidados intensivos puede ser afectada favorable o desfavorablemente por el conjunto de normas que el paciente trae consigo sobre qué es la UTI. Además, se constató que los estímulos adversos existentes en este ambiente pueden mitigarse mediante la presencia de la familia y la relación acogedora y sensible con el equipo de salud, lo que favorece así el repertorio de afrontamiento del paciente ante este momento crítico de salud.(AU)

Um capítulo esquecido na história da psicologia? sexualidades desviantes, psicopatologia e normalidade / A forgotten chapter in the history of psychology? deviant sexualities, psychopathology, and normality / ¿Un capítulo olvidado en la historia de la psicología? sexualidades desviadas, psicopatología y normalidad

Este artigo tem como objetivo produzir uma análise histórica sobre as intersecções entre Psicologia e sexualidade desviantes da norma no Brasil, de fins do século XIX a meados da década de 1980. Esta temporalidade foi escolhida por abarcar o surgimento das pesquisas científicas sobre sexualidade e desvios sexuais, a consolidação dos estudos psicológicos sobre a temática e o processo mais recente de despatologização da homossexualidade. Em termos teóricos e metodológicos, foram adotados os pressupostos da História Social da Psicologia e da historiografia das homossexualidades no Brasil. Desse modo, buscou-se compreender como as ideias, concepções e práticas psicológicas foram mudando ao longo do tempo, em conexão com as transformações socioculturais e políticas que ocorreram durante o século XX. Para isto, foram utilizadas fontes primárias e secundárias de pesquisa com vistas à produção de interpretações sobre as conexões entre as ideias, os atores e os eventos narrados. Argumenta-se, ao longo do artigo, que as ideias e práticas psicológicas estão intrinsecamente conectadas aos contextos socioculturais e políticos de seu tempo, sendo os movimentos dinâmicos e os conflitos presentes nesses contextos fatores determinantes para a sua constituição.(AU)

This article aims to produce a historical analysis of the intersections between Psychology and sexualities that deviate from the norm in Brazil, from the late 19th century to the mid-1980s. This period was chosen because it encompasses the emergence of scientific research on sexuality and sexual deviations, the consolidation of psychological studies on the subject and the most recent process of de-pathologization of homosexuality. Theoretically and methodologically, the assumptions of the Social History of Psychology and the historiography of homosexualities in Brazil were adopted. Therefore, we sought to understand how psychological ideas, conceptions and practices have changed over time, in connection with the sociocultural and political transformations that occurred throughout the 20th century. For this, primary and secondary sources of research were used to produce interpretations about the connections between the ideas, the actors and the narrated events. It is argued, throughout the article, that the psychological ideas and practices are intrinsically connected to the sociocultural and political contexts of their time, being the dynamic movements and conflicts present in these contexts determining factors for their constitution.(AU)

Este artículo tiene como objetivo realizar un análisis histórico de las intersecciones entre la Psicología y las sexualidades desviadas de la norma en Brasil desde finales del siglo XIX hasta mediados de la década de 1980. Esta temporalidad fue elegida por abarcar el surgimiento de las investigaciones científicas sobre sexualidad y desvíos sexuales, la consolidación de los estudios psicológicos sobre el tema y el más reciente proceso de despatologización de la homosexualidad. En el marco teórico y metodológico, se adoptaron los presupuestos de la Historia Social de la Psicología y de la historiografía de las homosexualidades en Brasil. De esta manera, se pretende comprender cómo las ideas, concepciones y prácticas psicológicas han cambiado a lo largo del tiempo, en conexión con las transformaciones socioculturales y políticas ocurridas durante el siglo XX. Para ello, se utilizaron las fuentes de investigación primarias y secundarias con miras a generar interpretaciones sobre las conexiones entre las ideas, los actores y los eventos narrados. Se argumenta, a lo largo de este artículo, que las ideas y las prácticas psicológicas están intrínsecamente conectadas a los contextos socioculturales y políticos de su tiempo, y los movimientos dinámicos y los conflictos presentes en estos contextos fueron los factores determinantes para su constitución.(AU)

[The national anti-opium-smoking campaigns across the country in the Republican Period].

Anti-opium-smoking had been the key policy of successive central and local governments from the late Qing Dynasty to the Republican Period. Since the establishment of the Nanjing Provisional Government in January 1912, the Anti-opium-smoking campaign had culminated across the country. Under the support of the government, the "National Anti-Opium Association of China" and "Association of Chinese People Rejecting Opium" were established which made an important contribution to China's anti-opium-smoking campaign.Yunnan, Shaanxi, Heilongjiang, Zhejiang, Shanghai and other local governments also combined with local specific circumstances to make anti-opium-smaking policy for punishing severely the opium cultivation, trade and opium smoking, thus, the overrun of opium began to be brought under an overall control.

Standards of education, regulation, and market control: perspectives on complementary and alternative medicine in Ontario, Canada.

This paper provides a contemporary analysis of the issues and questions surrounding the regulation and standardization of education with respect to two complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) professions, namely Chinese traditional medicine and homeopath in Ontario, Canada. Rather than taking a standard of education for granted, the assumption that standardizing professional education is a positive move is critiqued because it is claimed to ensure public safety and uniformity within the profession. It is argued that such an assumption fails to deconstruct the power relations involved with setting a standard of education and continues to ignore the fact that setting a standard of education in CAM is part and parcel of biomedical dominance, competition, turf wars and survival. At the end of this paper, some critical questions regarding setting standards of education by the health professions in general are raised.

[Evaluation of measles, mumps and rubella vaccine coverage in 3 year old children in twelve French counties. Time-trends and related factors]. / Evaluation de la couverture vaccinale rougeole-oreillons-rubéole chez les enfants de trois ans dans douze départements français. Evolution temporelle et facteur associés.

BACKGROUND: The aims of our study were to estimate the measle-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine coverage in 3 years old children in 12 French countees, to document the evolution between 1997 and 1999 in two groups of 6 countees (pilot group and control group) before and after the implementation of promotion programmes in the pilot group, and to identify factors related to measle-mumps-rubella vaccination. METHODS: Two telephone surveys were carried out in 1997 and 1999 among children randomly selected in the birth rolls of 12 French countees. Parents of 3 years old children were interviewed on measle-mumps-rubella vaccination, knowledge and opinions on vaccinations, utilisation of health care and socio-demographic characteristics. RESULTS: The participation rate was 97% in both surveys. Among the 7382 respondent parents, 98% had immediate access to the child's medical file and could document the vaccine status. The vaccine coverage did not increase significantly between 1997 and 1999 (86.7% versus 87.2%), both in control (89.3% vs. 90.2%) and pilot groups (84.3% vs. 84.3%). A logistic regression model showed that several factors were independently and significantly related to measle-mumps-rubella vaccination (utilisation of homeopathic medicines, mother's age, number of children, physician speciality (general practitioner or pediatrician) and opinion on vaccinations). CONCLUSION: Our study shows that there is a stagnation of vaccine coverage in several French countees, which makes unlikely the national objective of viruses eradication. This epidemiological situation makes very likely outbreaks of measles, mumps and rubella in these countees. National and local pilot programmes did not succeed to promote vaccination in countees with a low measle-mumps-rubella vaccine coverage. Our study identified sub-groups of parents who should be targeted by promotion programmes.

[Childhood vaccinations anno 2004. I. Effectiveness and acceptance of the Dutch National Vaccination Programme]. / Vaccinaties op de kinderleeftijd anno 2004. I. Effectiviteit en acceptatie van het Rijksvaccinatieprogramma.

Vaccinations are the most effective measures in public health. In the Netherlands after the second world war the morbidity and mortality of infectious diseases were a great problem. Nowadays these diseases are gone or reduced at a minimal level and for the greater part under control. The Dutch National Vaccination Programme aims at 10 infectious diseases. In the Netherlands there has always been a relatively small group of religious people who live together and reject vaccinations. Since the start of the vaccination programme in this group several small epidemics of poliomyelitis and measles have been observed. The other dispersed living non-vaccinated people are protected by herd-immunity, as long as the vaccination coverage is above 90%. During recent years an increasing number of people have doubts over the use and safety of vaccinations. There is a worldwide anti-vaccination movement, in the Netherlands represented by the 'Nederlandse Vereniging Kritisch Prikken'. The finding that there is now a greater spread of areas with a low or insufficient vaccination coverage, is cause for concern because experiences in several countries have shown that infectious diseases with all complications will recur when the vaccination percentage decreases. There is no scientific support for the hypothesis that vaccinations overwhelm or weaken the immune system of infants and there is no objection to start with vaccination at the age of two months. Anthroposofic and homeopathic arguments are neither scientifically, nor practically supported. Good promotion and education about the vaccination programme is of great importance and can be improved. Parents should make decisions based on good, objective information. Possible risks and side effects of vaccination should not be concealed.

Childhood immunization, homoeopathy and community nurses.

The way for community nurse practitioners to promote medical childhood immunization to parents, is for them to become fully conversant with both alternative and traditional medical approaches to this issue. A brief overview of homoeopathy and its approaches to immunization is outlined highlighting the current debate for and against anti-medical and medical immunization. Arguments are put forward supporting medical immunization and the challenges this presents for nurses practitioners.

[Importance of complementary medicine approaches for patients with prostate cancer]. / Bedeutung komplementärmedizinischer Verfahren bei Patienten mit Prostatakarzinom.

BACKGROUND: In Germany, many prostate cancer patients use complementary medicine (CM) or have an interest in these treatment approaches; however, the information and consultation situation of cancer patients is insufficient and therefore the Competence Network Complementary Medicine in Oncology (COCON) was launched by the German Cancer Aid Society. One of the projects of the COCON examines the use of CM and the information and counseling needs regarding these topics in various groups of cancer patients. The focus of this article is on the qualitative study reporting selected results for the subgroup of prostate cancer patients. STUDY DESIGN AND STUDY METHODS: A total of 19 semi-structured qualitative interviews with prostate cancer patients were conducted regarding the use of CM as well as their information and consultation needs. RESULTS: It was found that the patients interviewed discussed various issues surrounding nutrition, particularly a healthy diet, the selective use of certain foods and the use of dietary supplements. Additional themes mentioned by interviewees were physical exercise, psychological well-being, mistletoe therapy, homeopathy and traditional Chinese medicine. Patients indicated that they wanted more information and counseling opportunities with regards to CM. They also expressed a desire for more holistic care. CONCLUSION: The results show that prostate cancer patients use a range of CM and have a need for information about CM. Prostate cancer patients are in a special situation because of a regular feedback on the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) value. This should be taken into consideration in consultation with prostate cancer patients regarding CM.

Processos psicossociais da aquisição de uma deficiência / Psychosocial processes of acquiring a disability / Procesos psicosociales de la adquisición de una discapacidad

A aquisição de uma deficiência pode ter extenso impacto na vida de uma pessoa, pois ocorre, muitas vezes, sob condições traumáticas e obriga tanto a ressignificações subjetivas quanto a adaptações práticas no cotidiano. O principal objetivo do trabalho aqui descrito consistiu em compreender aspectos psicossociais do processo de aquisição de uma deficiência, considerando diversos fatores que podem interferir nestas experiências. Para a realização da pesquisa, foram entrevistadas, de forma semiestruturada, 13 pessoas que adquiriram uma deficiência física, auditiva ou visual na idade adulta, sendo os relatos analisados pelo método de análise de conteúdo. Ao se discutir as falas dos pesquisados, são traçadas algumas semelhanças e distinções entre as experiências dos participantes, buscando também tecer considerações com base na literatura acadêmico-científica sobre o tema. Observou-se que os processos psicossociais de aquisição da deficiência foram permeados tanto por sentimentos negativos, relacionados à angústia e à depressão, bem como por reações mais harmônicas e de valorização da vida, em que se relativiza a perda do membro ou da capacidade sensorial. Representando um momento marcante na vida de quem a adquire, a deficiência pode levar à aprendizagem e ao amadurecimento, à medida que o tempo após a aquisição aumenta. Entende-se que os estudos acerca da deficiência, em especial a adquirida, devem ser ampliados e aprofundados, tendo em vista que o campo de estudos sobre esta temática ainda precisa de mais contribuições a respeito.(AU)

Becoming disabled may cause a considerable impact in someone's life, because, in most of the cases, it happens under traumatic conditions and it results in subjective resignification and practical adaptations. The main objective of this study is to understand the psychosocial aspects involved in becoming disabled, considering several factors which may interfere these experiences. For this research, 13 people who got a physical disability, a hearing or visual impairment in adulthood were interviewed in a semi-structured way and the results were evaluated using the content analysis method of Bardin (2011). When the speeches of the interviewed people are evaluated, some comparisons and distinctions among experiences of the participants are made for establishing relations with academic-scientific literature on this theme. It was noticed that the psychosocial processes involved in becoming disabled were permeated by negative feelings related to anguish and depression, as well as more harmonic reactions and valorization of life, in which the loss of a member or of a sensorial capability is relativized. As a defining moment in the lives of those who acquired it, the disability may result in learning and maturating over the years after the event. It is recommended that the studies concerning disability, especially the acquired ones, get broadened and deepened because there is a need for more contributions about this subject.(AU)

La adquisición de una discapacidad puede tener un amplio impacto en la vida de una persona, pues ocurre, muchas veces, bajo condiciones traumáticas y requiere tanto la reinterpretación subjetiva como las adaptaciones prácticas en la vida cotidiana. El principal objetivo del trabajo que se describe aquí fue entender los aspectos psicosociales del proceso de adquisición de una discapacidad, teniendo en cuenta diversos factores que pueden interferir en estas experiencias. Para la investigación, fueron entrevistadas de manera semiestructurada, 13 personas que adquirieron una discapacidad física, auditiva o visual en la edad adulta, siendo los relatos analizados por el método de análisis de contenido. En la discusión de los relatos de los entrevistados, son trazadas algunas similitudes y diferencias entre las experiencias de los participantes, buscando también tejer consideraciones con base en la literatura académica y científica sobre el tema. Se observó que los procesos psicosociales de adquisición de la discapacidad fueron permeados tanto por sentimientos negativos relacionados con la angustia y la depresión, así como por las reacciones más armónicas y de valorización de la vida, en que se relativiza la pérdida de un miembro o la capacidad sensorial. Representando un momento decisivo en la vida de quién la adquiere, la discapacidad puede llevar al aprendizaje y al crecimiento, a medida que el tiempo después de la adquisición aumenta. Se entiende que los estudios acerca de la discapacidad, en especial la adquirida, deben ser ampliados y profundizados, teniendo en cuenta que el campo de los estudios sobre este tema aún necesita más contribuciones al respecto.(AU)

Ficha de avaliação clínica de membros inferiores para prevenção do pé diabético / Ficha de avaliação clínica de membros inferiores para prevención do pé diabético / Clinical evaluation form of lower members for diabetic foot prevention

Objetivo: Elaborar ficha de avaliação clínica (FAC) dos membros inferiores (MIs) para prevenção do pé diabético (PD). Métodos: Partindo de revisão da literatura, elaborou-se uma FAC com 4 fases: as fases 1 e 2 contemplam o exame clínico (anamnese e exame físico, respectivamente) com ênfase na avaliação dos pés e na pesquisa de fatores de risco para úlceras; a fase 3 avalia o autocuidado com os pés e a fase 4 descreve as principais orientações para este cuidado. Resultados: Após a realização das fases 1 e 2, segue uma classificação de risco de ulceração dos pés. A fase 3 avalia com dez questões os cuidados com os pés e a fase 4 apresenta dez orientações educacionais para prevenção do PD. Conclusão: A FAC proposta possibilita detectar e intervir precocemente no risco de ulceração nos pés.

Objective: To elaborate a clinical evaluation sheet (CES) of the lower limbs (LL) for diabetic foot (DF) prevention. Methods: Based on literature review, a four-phased CES has been elaborated: phases 1 and 2 contemplate clinical evaluation (anamnesis and physical evaluation, respectively) with emphasis on feet evaluation and search for soreness risk factors; phase 3 evaluates feet care and phase 4 describes the main guidelines for this care. Results: With the completion of phases 1 and 2, a feet soreness risk rating follows. Phase 3 evaluates feet care with ten questions and phase 4 presents ten educational guidelines for DF prevention. Conclusion: The proposed CES enables the detection and early intervention on foot soreness risk.

Objetivo: Desarrollar formulario de evaluación clínica (FEC) de los miembros inferiores (MIs) para la prevención del pie diabético (PD). Métodos: A partir de la revisión de la literatura, fue preparada una FEC con 4 fases: fases 1 y 2 incluyen examen clínico (anamnesis y la exploración física, respectivamente), con énfasis en la evaluación de los pies y los factores de riesgo para buscar úlceras; fase 3 se evalúa el auto-cuidado con sus pies y la fase 4 se describen las pautas principales para este tipo de atención. Resultados: Después de la terminación de las fases 1 y 2 sigue la clasificación de riesgo de la ulceración de los pies. Fase 3 evalúa con diez preguntas del cuidado de los pies y la fase 4 presenta diez directrices educativas para prevenir el PD. Conclusión: La propuesta FEC permite detectar e intervenir temprano en riesgo de ulceración de los pies.

Reconhecimento da suspensão de juízo do princípio de semelhança na promoção de saúde de mulheres em situação de violência e vulnerabilidade / Recognition of suspension of judgment of the principle of similarity in health promotion for women in situations of violence and vulnerability

A violência consiste em objetificação dos sujeitos com compressões sobre a ação comunicativa e, portanto, sobre a práxis de autonomia. A solução interessa à promoção de saúde, em suas articulações no contexto da democracia e do direito, conjuntamente, e da mesma forma, à medicina homeopática e ao princípio de semelhança que a fundamenta, em que ambas possibilitem o agir comunicativo, conferindo brevidade a acordos em acolhimento de singularidades diversas. Objetivou-se, com esse estudo, reconhecer a suspensão de juízo do princípio de semelhança enquanto promoção de saúde em sujeitos em situação de violência e vulnerabilidade. Foi desenvolvida pesquisa qualitativa com análise de conteúdo categorial temática, com base em dados de dezesseis entrevistas em profundidade com mulheres participantes, bem como de doze observações participativas das rodas de conversas do ambulatório do Instituto Jenny de Andrade Faria, do Hospital das Clínicas da UFMG, do programa "Para Elas. Por Elas, Por Eles, Por Nós". A partir da análise dos dados, estabeleceram-se três categorias que compreendessem os objetivos propostos. Observou-se que o princípio de semelhança, como verbo em ação nas rodas de conversas, onde a suspensão de juízo se faz presente, com espantoso e oportuno poder de conciliação de momento, permite abraços em assimilação entre as partes, com perdão de diferenças, aconjuntando-as, favorecendo participação e fortalecendo-as, amenizando padecimentos, onde apropriam-se de saberes provenientes da própria roda e a conversa reconduz a conversões rumo ao bem comum. Destarte, pode-se entender que a suspensão de juízo do princípio de semelhança favorece promoção de saúde como fluxo desimpedido da vida e, consequentemente, prevenção da violência.

Violence consists in objectifying the subjects with compressions over communicative action and, therefore, over autonomy praxis. The solution is of interest to health promotion, in its articulations in the context of democracy and law, together, and in the same way, to homeopathic medicine and its fundamental principle of similarity, in which both enable communicative action, giving brevity to agreements in the reception of diverse singularities. The objective of this study was to recognize the suspension of judgment of the principle of similarity as health promotion in subjects in situations of violence and vulnerability. A qualitative research with thematic categorical content analysis was developed, based on data from sixteen in-depth interviews with participating women, as well as twelve participatory observations from the conversation wheels of the "Jenny de Andrade Faria" Institute outpatient clinic, "UFMG Hospital das Clínicas", of the program "Para Elas. Por Elas, Por Eles, Por Nós". From the data analysis, three categories were established that would the proposed objectives. It was observed that the principle of similarity, as verb in action in the conversation wheels, where the suspension of judgment is present, with astonishing and timely conciliation power of the moment, allows hugs in assimilation between the individual parts, with forgiveness of differences, bringing them together, favoring participation and strengthening them, alleviating suffering, where they appropriate knowledge from what rolls on the wheel, and conversation leads to conversions towards the common good. Thus, it can be understood that the suspension of judgment of the principle of similarity favors health promotion as an unimpeded flow of life and, consequently, prevention of violence.

Documento técnico: Implementación y funcionamiento de los espacios públicos saludables de juego para las niñas y los niños menores de 05 años y sus familias / Technical document: Implementation and operation of healthy public play spaces for girls and boys under 05 years of age and their families

La presente publicación describe las pautas para el desarrollo de buenas prácticas que incrementan la calidad de los servicios públicos, con lo que contribuyen a la mejora de las condiciones de vida de la población para su desarrollo e inclusión social, que debe reconocer el derecho del niño al descanso y el esparcimiento, al juego y a las actividades recreativas propias de su edad. El juego es la principal actividad que realiza la niña y el niño, es un derecho universal y constituye una de las formas más importantes para adquirir conocimientos y competencias esenciales. Es una característica de la vida de las niñas y los niños pequeños, que contribuye de manera significativa al adecuado crecimiento y oportuno desarrollo infantil (físico, social y psicológico). El juego por ser el lenguaje de comunicación de los menores, permite afianzar el desarrollo sicomotriz, y las capacidades simbólicas, la autonomía y la socialización. El Modelo de Atención Integral de Salud basado en Familia y Comunidad (R.M. 464-2011-MINSA) establece como primera necesidad de desarrollo de la salud - el desarrollo personal- entendiéndose como el alcanzar su máximo potencial de desarrollo como ser humano, uso adecuado del tiempo libre, desarrollo de habilidades sociales y de proyectos de vida, potencialidades intelectuales, entre otros.

Manual de autoaprendizaje para el actor social del compromiso 1: "Mejora del estado nutricional y de salud de las gestantes y niños hasta los 12 meses de edad para la prevención de anemia" / Self-learning manual for the social actor of Commitment 1: "Improvement of the nutritional and health status of pregnant women and children up to 12 months of age for the prevention of anemia"

El presente manual contiene el desarrollo de temas sobre el Desarrollo Infantil Temprano saludable como un derecho de las niñas y niños; el actor social y su papel en el cuidado infantil, la prevención y reducción de la anemia; la visita domiciliaria y las sesiones temáticas para desarrollar durante la visita a los niños hasta los 12 meses de edad o a las gestantes; las que deberás revisar y aprender, para así motivar y persuadir a la madre, padre o cuidador de la niña o niño o a la gestante a mejorar las prácticas de cuidado