Variation in free and bound water molecules indifferent homeopathic potencies as revealed by their Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR)

Homeopathic potencies 12cH and above cross the Avogadro number, and as such do not containany original drug molecules in their aqueous ethanol medium. It is thought H-bonded waterstructures preserved by ethanol carry the information of initial drug molecules. Potentized drugs show some differences with respect to their infrared (IR) absorption spectra. In a water-ethanol solution, free water molecules vary according to the concentration of ethanol. In the present study the concentration of ethanol has been kept constant at 0.03 molar fractions in 6 differenthomeopathic potencies. Aim: to see whether different homeopathic potencies having fixed ethanolcontent show variation in FTIR spectra and also free water molecules. Two potencies like 8cH and32cH of three homeopathic drugs Natrum mur, Cantharis and Nux vomica were used in thestudy, and their ethanol concentration was kept fixed at 0.03 molar fraction. The control wasconsidered to be aqueous ethanol at the same concentration. Spectrum of reference water wasalso taken. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) absorption spectra were obtained in the wavenumber region of 4000 – 2800 cm-1. The half-width at half-maximum was measured for eachspectrum. The intensity of each spectrum was normalized at 3410 cm-1 close to the peak. The difference spectrum (absorbance of drug solution – absorbance of reference water) for each drugand the control was obtained. FTIR spectra showed variation in absorbance intensity on both thehigh and low frequency side of the O-H stretching band in different drugs as well as the control. The C-H stretching band of 2977 cm-1 also showed variation in intensity in different drugs...(AU)

Variation in free and bound water molecules indifferent homeopathic potencies as revealed by their Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR)

Homeopathic potencies 12cH and above cross the Avogadro number, and as such do not containany original drug molecules in their aqueous ethanol medium. It is thought H-bonded waterstructures preserved by ethanol carry the information of initial drug molecules. Potentized drugs show some differences with respect to their infrared (IR) absorption spectra. In a water-ethanol solution, free water molecules vary according to the concentration of ethanol. In the present study the concentration of ethanol has been kept constant at 0.03 molar fractions in 6 differenthomeopathic potencies. Aim: to see whether different homeopathic potencies having fixed ethanolcontent show variation in FTIR spectra and also free water molecules. Two potencies like 8cH and32cH of three homeopathic drugs Natrum mur, Cantharis and Nux vomica were used in thestudy, and their ethanol concentration was kept fixed at 0.03 molar fraction. The control wasconsidered to be aqueous ethanol at the same concentration. Spectrum of reference water wasalso taken. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) absorption spectra were obtained in the wavenumber region of 4000 – 2800 cm-1. The half-width at half-maximum was measured for eachspectrum. The intensity of each spectrum was normalized at 3410 cm-1 close to the peak. The difference spectrum (absorbance of drug solution – absorbance of reference water) for each drugand the control was obtained. FTIR spectra showed variation in absorbance intensity on both thehigh and low frequency side of the O-H stretching band in different drugs as well as the control. The C-H stretching band of 2977 cm-1 also showed variation in intensity in different drugs...

Determinación de la viscosidad de una solución homeopática de Natrum muriaticum comparada con una solución de cloruro de sodio y agua destilada, a una temperatura de 25°C / Determination of the viscosity of a homeopathic solution of Natrum muriaticum compared with a solution of sodium chloride and distilled water, at a temperature of 25 ° C

En el mundo se han realizado variados trabajos para comprender la naturaleza de los medicamentos homeopáticos usando parámetros e instrumental en ocasiones complejos. Se pretende con este trabajo obtener datos de parámetros básicos de fisicoquímica determinando posibles diferencias en la viscosidad del medicamento homeopático Natrum Muriaticum y soluciones de cloruro de sodio en diluciones (1CH a 30CH) y a su vez compararlas con la viscosidad del agua (solvente), todas a la misma temperatura de 25 grados centígrados. Al comparar los datos de viscosidad entre las dinamizaciones del medicamento Natrum muriaticum no se evidenciaron cambios significativos, lo mismo que al comparar las viscosidades de las soluciones de cloruro de sodio entre ellas y al comparar estos dos grupos con la viscosidad del agua. La sucusión no produjo cambios significativos al comparar la viscosidad del agua sucusionada y sin sucusionar. Se obtuvieron datos estadísticamente significativos al comparar el grupo de datos de la viscosidad del medicamento Natrum muriaticum con el grupo de viscosidades de cloruro de sodio al usar la prueba de significancia estadística (p= 0.0003). Los resultados, aunque no concluyentes, podrían contribuir a clarificar el papel de la sucusión, en la fabricación de los medicamentos homeopáticos. Es probable que al realizar la sucusión, esta acción, pueda cambiar la naturaleza fisicoquímica de los medicamentos homeopáticos y nos ayude a explicar la manera como los mismos actúan.

Ultrasonic study of homoeopathic solutions

Ultrasonic velocity and absorption measurements have been performed in homoeopathic solutions and in corresponding placebo solutions. The possibility of microstructural differences between "normal water" and "homoeopathic" water solutions was investigated by propagation of ultrasonic waves in diluted water-ethanol mixtures. Our spectroscopic results do not display any difference between the two liquid systems