Subject(s)
Elapidae , Animals , Female , History, 20th Century , Humans , Male , Snake Venoms/history , Snake Venoms/poisoningABSTRACT
Snake bite injuries and death are socio-medical problems of considerable magnitude. In India a large number of people suffer and die every year due to snake venom poisoning. Snake venom, though greatly feared, is a natural biological resource, containing several components that could be of potential therapeutic value. Use of snake venom in different pathophysiological conditions has been mentioned in Ayurveda, homeopathy and folk medicine. It is well known that snake venom is complex mixture of enzymes, peptides and proteins of low molecular mass with specific chemical and biological activities. Snake venom contains several neurotoxic, cardiotoxic, cytotoxic, nerve growth factor, lectins, disintrigrins, haemorrhagins and many other different enzymes. These proteins not only inflict death to animals and humans, but can also be used for the treatment of thrombosis, arthritis, cancer and many other diseases. An overview of various snake venom components that have prospects in health and diseases are discussed in this review.
Subject(s)
Snake Bites/drug therapy , Snake Venoms/therapeutic use , Animals , HumansABSTRACT
A polypeptide, SV-PP-2, was purified from Agkistrodon blomhoffii Bioe by HPLC C18 column. The SV-PP-2 has molecular weight of 23339.00 Da, and can inhibit the ADP-induced platelet aggregation in dose-dependent manner. There have been no such polypeptides reported yet which has inhibition of platelet aggregation and similar molecular weight to SV-PP-2.
Subject(s)
Agkistrodon , Materia Medica/pharmacology , Peptides/isolation & purification , Peptides/pharmacology , Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors/pharmacology , Snake Venoms/chemistry , Animals , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Female , In Vitro Techniques , Male , Materia Medica/isolation & purification , Platelet Aggregation/drug effects , Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors/isolation & purification , RabbitsABSTRACT
This is the first report to purify a new peptide SV-PP-1 from Agkistrodon blomhoffii Bioe. SV-PP-1 has molecular weight of 1234.616 Da and can inhibit on platelet aggregation. SV-PP-1 significantly inhibited the ADP-induced platelet aggregation. It has been found up to now that SV-PP-1 is the smallest peptide inhibiting on platelet aggregation from snake venom.
Subject(s)
Agkistrodon , Materia Medica/pharmacology , Peptides/isolation & purification , Peptides/pharmacology , Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors/pharmacology , Snake Venoms/chemistry , Amino Acid Sequence , Animals , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Female , In Vitro Techniques , Male , Materia Medica/isolation & purification , Molecular Weight , Platelet Aggregation/drug effects , Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors/isolation & purification , RabbitsABSTRACT
Eosinophilic granuloma complex (EGC) is a syndrome occurring in cats, characterized by lesions affecting the skin and the oral cavity. Conventional treatment is mainly symptomatic and may have undesirable side effects. This paper summarizes homeopathic treatment with snake remedies of cats suffering from EGC. Snake remedies were chosen by individual repertorizations and administered in different dilutions. Reactions were mostly quick, leading to significant improvements, including complete recoveries.
Subject(s)
Cat Diseases/drug therapy , Eosinophilic Granuloma/veterinary , Homeopathy/methods , Skin Diseases/veterinary , Snake Venoms/therapeutic use , Animals , Cats , Eosinophilic Granuloma/drug therapy , Female , Skin Diseases/drug therapy , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Snake envenomation is a socio-medical problem of considerable magnitude. About 2.5 million people are bitten by snakes annually, more than 100,000 fatally. However, although bites can be deadly, snake venom is a natural biological resource that contains several components of potential therapeutic value. Venom has been used in the treatment of a variety of pathophysiological conditions in Ayurveda, homeopathy and folk medicine. With the advent of biotechnology, the efficacy of such treatments has been substantiated by purifying components of venom and delineating their therapeutic properties. This review will focus on certain snake venom components and their applications in health and disease.
Subject(s)
Hemostasis , Neurotoxins/chemistry , Snake Venoms/chemistry , Animals , Cardiovascular System/drug effects , Disintegrins/chemistry , Disintegrins/pharmacology , Fibrinogen/chemistry , Fibrinogen/pharmacology , Lectins, C-Type/chemistry , Muscles/drug effects , Phospholipases A/metabolism , Phospholipases A/pharmacology , Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors/chemistry , Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors/pharmacology , Protein Structure, Tertiary , Prothrombin/chemistry , Prothrombin/pharmacology , Signal Transduction , Thrombin/chemistry , Thrombin/pharmacologyABSTRACT
Introduction: The knowledge and use of the venom of Bothrops jararaca in high dilutions is still quite limited. One of the important properties is the use of one of its components, bradykinin, for the development of antihypertensive medication known as captopril. Other situations, such as clinical, local and systemic should receive more depth to the composition of Materia Medica related to various medical actions on the man and mammals in general. The systemic action of the bite of this snake, includes hemostasis disorders, culminating as bleeding gums, in addition to sweating, hypertension, and hypothermia. The action includes local pain and swelling with bruising, bleeding and often blistering and tissue necrosis. The action on the immune system, through action on the complement C3 and other complement components may show its possible use in cases of bacterial infections, including mycobacteria, as presented in the study of 1970 Vanessa Birdsey, "Interactions of poisons toxic with the addition, "the journal of Immunology 1971. Today, this poison has a toxicology published by Anibal Melgarejo, "Venomous Animals of Brazil", 2003, which subsidizes the development of study for its use in high dilutions, and a comprehensive study of the biology of the animal itself. Published studies on biomolecular analysis add more details about the relations of the poison and mammals. All these characteristics suggest the use of poison as a homeopathic remedy. Objective: To investigate the therapeutic possibilities in high dilutions of the venom of the snake Bothrops jararaca, expanding its clinical use. Methodology: Methodological description of this poison in contemporary bases including: Origin, physical description chemistry, toxicology, pharmacology and medicine in preparation of high dilution, general action, specific actions on systems or organs, sensations, modalities, concomitants, etiological indications relations main clinics. Results: Defining the therapeutic indications such as modulation of the complement system, action on the cardiovascular system, among other uses, by Bothrops jararaca in high dilution. Conclusion: This evaluation can be used for different sources of products and allows the rational use of Bothrops jararaca in high dilution. The results can and should be complemented by clinical studies and pathogenetic. Bacterial infectious diseases such as tuberculosis and leprosy, and autoimmune disease LES and may receive treatment studies with the drug based on Bothrops jararaca snake venom because they are indirectly associated with them via similarity of the failure of complement, an important marker for bacterial the defense of mammals. Action on clinical aspects like hypertension, sweating, hypothermia and necrosis shall be seen. Perhaps the search for the stimulation of complement show a new pathway for the harmonization, long-predicted by Hahnemann, Hering and searched for among the many that followed the creator of this therapy.(AU)
Introdução: O conhecimento e a utilização do veneno da Bothrops jararaca em altas diluições ainda é bastante limitado. Uma das propriedades importantes foi o uso de um de seus componentes, a bradicinina, para o desenvolvimento do remédio anti-hipertensivo conhecido como captopril. Outras situações, como o quadro clínico, local e sistêmico deveriam receber melhor aprofundamento para a composição da matéria médica relacionada a diversas ações sobre o homem e mamíferos em geral. A ação sistêmica da picada dessa serpente, inclui distúrbio na hemostasia, que culmina como sangramentos como a gengivorragia, além da sudorese, hipertensão e hipotermia. A ação local inclui dor e edema, com equimoses, hemorragias e muitas vezes bolhas e necrose tecidual. A ação sobre o sistema imune, através da ação sobre o complemento C3 e outros componentes do complemento pode mostrar a sua possível utilização em casos de infecção bacteriana, inclusive micobacterioses; como o apresentado no estudo de 1970, de Vanessa Birdsey, ?Interações de venenos tóxicos com o complemento?, da revista Immunology de 1971. Hoje, este veneno apresenta uma toxicologia publicada por Anibal Melgarejo, ?Animais peçonhentos do Brasil? de 2003, que subsidia o desenvolvimento de estudo para a sua utilização em altas diluições, além de um amplo estudo da biologia do animal propriamente dito. Estudos publicados sobre análises biomoleculares acrescentam mais detalhes sobre as relações do veneno e mamíferos. Todos estas características sugerem o uso deste veneno como remédio homeopático. Objetivo: Verificar as possibilidades terapêuticas em altas diluições do veneno da serpente Bothrops jararaca, ampliando a sua utilização clínica. Metodologia: Descrição metodológica deste veneno em bases contemporâneas que incluem: Origem, descrição físico-química, toxicologia, farmacologia, preparação do remédio em alta diluição, ação geral, ações específicas em sistemas ou órgãos, sensações, modalidades, concomitantes, correspondências etiológicas a indicações clínicas principais. Resultados: Definição das indicações terapêuticas, como a modulação do sistema complemento, ação sobre o sistema cardiovascular, entre outras do remédio Bothrops jararaca em alta diluição.Conclusão: Esta avaliação pode ser utilizada para diferentes fontes de produtos e permite o uso racional de Bothrops jararaca em alta diluição. Os resultados podem e devem ser complementados por estudos clínicos e patogenéticos. Doenças infecciosas de origem bacteriana, como a tuberculose e lepra, e auto-imune como LES poderão receber estudos de tratamento com o remédio baseado em veneno de serpente Bothrops jararaca por estarem indiretamente associados a elas via similitude da falha do complemento, importante marcador bacteriano para a defesa de mamíferos. Action on clinical aspects like hypertension, sweating, hypothermia and necrosis shall be seen. A açõa sobre os aspectos clínicos como hipertensão, sudorese, hipotermia e necrose devem ser observados. Talvez a busca pela estimulação do complemento mostre um novo caminho para a harmonização, há muito(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Bothrops , Snake Venoms , Metalloproteases , High PotenciesABSTRACT
Com o objetivo de constantemente rever a materia medica pura, examinou-se Naja tripudians a partir do relato dos experimentadores en HUGHES-DAKE, cotejando-os com Allen en sua Encyclopaedia of Pure Materia Medica. Alem de recomendar-se a mudanca de nome para Naja naja e a correcao de afirmacoes sobre o local de acao do veneno, propoe-se tambem a exclusao de sintomas registrados provenientes de experimentadores nao higidos. Apos comparacao da Materia Medica Pura com os repertorios Kent/Eizayaga e Kent/Barthel, recomenda-se a reducao para valor 1 de todos os sintomas mentais com valor 2, a excecao de tristeza. Questiona-se tambem porque Barthel incluiu sintomas que Kent havia deixado de fora do Repertorio. A revisao das diferentes transcricoes de materia medica define qual o nucleo confiavel de trabalho com Naja tr., colocando sob critica qualquer tentativa de esboco de nucleo psiquico para o medicamento
Subject(s)
Naja tripudians , Pathogenetic Symptoms , Materia Medica, Pure , Snake Venoms , Repertory, Kent-Eizayaga , Repertory, BarthelABSTRACT
Este trabajo, dirigido a médicos homeópatas, tiene la intención, no solo de repasar la sintomatología clínica repertorial de los medicamentos preparados a partir de algunos venenos animales, que muchísimas veces tienen una indicación terapéutica específica, sino también conocer desde la fisiopatología, y en virtud de su complicada composición química, los sitios específicos de su acción nociva. Para una mejor comprensión se han imbricado en el relato, las distintas transformaciones, que escalonadamente se operan en el organismo una vez ingresado el veneno, y su correlativa sintomatología clínica traducida al Repertorio
Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Snake Venoms/toxicity , Homeopathic Therapeutics , Snake Venoms/classification , Snake Venoms/pharmacologyABSTRACT
L'auteur nous propose ici une Matiere Medicale condensee des principaux venins rencontres en homeopathie. (AU)
Subject(s)
Materia Medica , Bothrops lanceolatus , Cenchris contortrix , Crotalus cascavella , Crotalus horridus , Elaps corallinus , Lachesis muta , Naja tripudians , Vipera berus , Snake VenomsABSTRACT
Sujet de choix pour les mythologies, le serpent est mentionne dans les ecrits les plus anciens, en particuler dans la Bible. Il est deja question des morsures de serpent dans les papyrus egyptiens datant de 1600 avant Jesus-Christ. (AU)
Subject(s)
Snake Venoms/toxicity , Viper Venoms , Elapid VenomsABSTRACT
Approfondissement de la Matiere Medicale de Crotalus Horridus specialement en ce qui concerne les facteurs de coagulation du venin sur le plan pathogenetique. Comparaison avec d'autres venins
Subject(s)
Crotalus horridus/therapeutic use , Snake Venoms , /therapy , Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation/therapy , Cenchris contortrix/therapeutic use , Vipera redi/therapeutic use , Bothrops lanceolatus/therapeutic use , Naja tripudians/therapeutic useABSTRACT
La connaissancedes venins de serpents montre que les signes toxiques comme les signes pathogenetiques sont dus aux differents constituants du venin analyse. Il est interessant de faire le rapprochement entre signes cliniques et biologiques, et composition du venin, mais ce rapprochement ne peut etre que tres imparfait car les substances contenues dans chaque venin ne sont pas encore toutes connues, quelques unes seulement ayant ete recherchees. La reparrtition des multiples constituants de venin d'innombrables serpents est d'une diversite infinite. L'etude de la composition et de l'effet des venins incite a faire de nouvelles pathogenesies ou a refaire des pathogenesies a doses infinitesimal;es sur le plan clinique et biologique. En effetmsile merveilleux outil therapeutique qu'est Lachesis est bien connu, nous utilisons aussi Naja naja, Vepera, Bothrops, Crotalus, mais sans connaitre toutes les possibilites d'application qu'ils offrent car les signes pathogenetiques sont soit mal connus, soit mal explores, leseffets connus ayant ete mesures a doses subtoxiques ou toxiques. Nous pourrions aussi agrandir considerablement l'eventail therapeutique en y faisant rentrer d'autres venins de serpents tout aussi utiles
Subject(s)
Snake Venoms , Crotalid Venoms , Elapid Venoms , Viper Venoms , Homeopathic PathogenesyABSTRACT
Se hace una somera descripción patogenética de los venenos animales, quizá arquetipo de patogenias poco desarrolladas y se estimula a la reexperimentación y a una mejor utilización de dichos medicamentos
Subject(s)
Animals , Snake Venoms , Small Remedy , Polychrests , Bothrops lanceolatus/therapeutic use , /therapeutic use , Homeopathic Pathogenesy , Scolopendra morsitans/therapeutic use , Coronary Disease/therapy , Experiment of SubstancesABSTRACT
Säo descritos alguns aspectos da fisiopatologia e os dados fundamentais sobre a clínica e terapêutica dos acidentes provocados por animais peçonhentos mais frequentes na regiäo Sudeste do Brasil. Säo abordados os acidentes por serpentes peçonhentas do gênero Bothrops, Crotalus e Micrurus e os aracnídeos, escorpiöes do gênero Tityus e aranhas dos gêneros Loxosceles e Phoneutria. Quando indicada, a soroterapia antiveneno (SAV) deve ser aplicada intravenosamente, gota a gota, sem diluiçäo, precedida por antihistamínicos (anti-H1 e anti-H2) e corticóides, visando a proteçäo contra possíveis reaçöes de hipersensibilidade e sem que sejam realizados testes cutâneos previamente