ABSTRACT
Explaining the spread and impact of health misinformation has garnered considerable attention with the uptake of social media and group messaging applications. This study contributes to that line of work by investigating how reliance on multiple digital media may help support or suppress misinformation belief, and how individual differences in misinformation susceptibility condition this process. Alternative health outlets (AH media), advocating home/homeopathic remedies over conventional medicine can be important sources of misinformation, yet are largely ignored previously. In this study, we first test how reliance on different platforms predicts health misinformation belief. Drawing from the elaboration likelihood model, we further investigate how need for cognition (NFC) and faith in intuition (FI) moderate the relationship between news reliance and susceptibility to misinformation. We conducted a survey in Singapore, Turkey, and the U.S (N = 3,664) to measure how these proposed relationships explain misinformed beliefs about vaccines, genetically modified foods and alternative medicine. We found reliance on online legacy news was negatively associated with the likelihood of believing health misinformation, while the reverse was true for social media and AH media. Additionally, those with both greater NFC and FI were more susceptible to health misinformation when they relied on social media and AH media more. In contrast, neither NFC nor FI moderated the relationship between reliance on online legacy news and health misinformation belief. These findings, mostly consistent across countries, also show that extensive reliance on social media and AH media for news mostly overwhelms the individual differences in predicting misinformation belief.
Subject(s)
Social Media , Vaccines , Humans , Intuition , Internet , Communication , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
Historians and biologists identify the debate between mechanists and vitalists over the nature of life itself with the arguments of Driesch, Loeb, and other prominent voices. But what if the conversation was broader and the consequences deeper for the field? Following the suspicions of Joseph Needham in the 1930s and Francis Crick in the 1960s, we deployed tools of the digital humanities to an old problem in the history of biology. We analyzed over 31,000 peer-reviewed scientific papers and learned that bioexceptionalism participated in a robust discursive landscape throughout subfields of the life sciences, occupied even by otherwise unknown biologists.
Subject(s)
Biological Science Disciplines , Biology , Communication , History, 20th Century , Humanities , VitalismABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Cancer patients use complementary and alternative medicines (CAM) to improve their well-being. Little is known about real risks. OBJECTIVE: To highlight 3 different types of axes: 1/cancer patients' perceptions concerning CAM; 2/misinformation/miscommunication about CAM; 3/CAM toxicity (direct toxicity, CAM-anticancer drugs, CAM-cancer interactions). METHOD: A questionnaire was proposed to cancer patients for 2 months. The CAM toxicity was analyzed if patients documented their drugs and CAM. RESULTS: Eighty-five patients responded: 72/85 were taking≥1CAM. In total, 95% patients were satisfied. There was an increasing CAM intake after cancer diagnosis. One hundred and seventeen different CAM were identified (63 herbs, 24 essential oils, 28 food supplements, 2 homeopathic specialities). Only 30/85 were aware CAM could interact with anticancer drugs. No other type of risk was perceived. INFORMATION SOURCES: 43/85 Internet, 38/85 general practitioner, 38/85 community pharmacist, 32/85 entourage, 25/85 other patients, 22/85 oncologist. In total, 81.3% questioned healthcare professionals (HCP) about CAM. Twelve patients noticed HCP lacked knowledge regarding CAM. The toxicity analysis was carried out for 24 patients who consumed 1 to 24CAM. In total, 133CAM were reported, including 87 different CAM. For only 43CAM/87, studies were found. All patients presented≥1risk: 14 at risk of CAM-cancer interactions, 15 of CAM-anticancer drug interactions, 21 of CAM direct toxicities. CONCLUSION: Many CAM are used by patients. The diagnosis of cancer favors their use. The risks are manifold: low perception of risk that can be induced by CAM, diverse and insecure sources of information and many potential toxicities that are not scientifically documented.
Subject(s)
Complementary Therapies/adverse effects , Neoplasms/therapy , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects , Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use , Communication , Dietary Supplements , Drug Interactions , Female , France , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Humans , Male , Materia Medica , Middle Aged , Patient Education as Topic , Plant Preparations , Risk Assessment , Surveys and Questionnaires , Young AdultABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To find the frequency and determinants of patients preferring complementary and alternative medicine over registered medical doctors.. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Services Hospital, Mayo Hospital and Jinnah Hospital in Lahore, Pakistan, from June 8 to August 20, 2017.A pre-tested self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. SPSS 20 was used for data analysis. . RESULTS: Of the 385 subjects, 200(51.9%) had visited at least one complementary and alternative medicine healer in their life. Besides, 166(83%) subjects confirmed positive outcome of such therapies. When asked about reasons behind their choice,227(59%)subjects mentioned cost effectiveness, 99(25.7%) better understanding, 131(34%) guidance about disease by such healers, 198(51.4%) harmless therapies, 198(51.4%) natural ingredients of medicines, 154(40%) accessibility, 161(41.8%) psychological satisfaction, 221(57.4%) said fewer appointments, 222(57.7%) said diagnosis without laboratory tests, 131(34%)family influence, 52(13.5%) had surgical fears, 101(26.2%) said faith in spiritual exercises, 63(16.4%) were addicted to complementary and alternative medicine products, 122(31.7%) said better communication) while183(47.5%) said sparing more time for consultation. CONCLUSIONS: There were a variety of beliefs and reasons behind patients preferring complementary and alternative medicine providers over medical doctors.
Subject(s)
Complementary Therapies , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Patient Preference , Biological Products , Communication , Comprehension , Cost-Benefit Analysis , Cross-Sectional Studies , Crotalid Venoms , Family , Female , Health Services Accessibility , Herbal Medicine , Homeopathy , Humans , Male , Pakistan , Patient Satisfaction , Professional-Patient Relations , Spiritual Therapies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Time FactorsABSTRACT
The patient facing the dentist knows fear, anxiety. The symbolism of the mouth and teeth from childhood is an entirely specific nature of the human body. The terrifying image of dental treatment and dentist that has long been stigmatized through painting, literature, theater and cinema can change today. Many therapeutic options to the management of anxiety in dental phobia; anesthesia, conscious sedation, combined with a soothing cabinet, a caring dentist, targeted use of medications or milder alternative methods; homeopathy, herbal medicine, acupuncture, psychotherapy, places the patient's interests at the center of the caregiving relationship. But this treatment panel is also offered him the difficulty of the choice. This exercise without systematization, according to the patient with competence and kindness. Some patients may be sent or processed in collaboration with other health professionals.
Subject(s)
Dental Anxiety/prevention & control , Dental Care/psychology , Anesthesia, Dental , Anti-Anxiety Agents/therapeutic use , Cognitive Behavioral Therapy , Communication , Complementary Therapies , Conscious Sedation , Dentist-Patient Relations , Humans , PsychotherapyABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Homeopathy is one of the most frequently used areas of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). Previous research has focused in particular on the pharmacological effectiveness of homeopathy. There is intense discussion among German family medical practitioners as to whether family medicine should adopt elements of homeopathy because of the popularity of this treatment method. AIM: For the first time in Germany, patients with chronic conditions were asked about their views on the medical care provided by homeopathic medical practitioners. METHODS: The survey used questionnaire-based, semi-structured expert interviews, the contents of which were then analysed and summarised. RESULTS: A total of 21 women and five men aged from 29 to 75 years were surveyed. The 'fit' between therapist and patient proved to be particularly important. Both the initial homeopathic consultation and the process of searching for the appropriate medication were seen by patients as confidence-inspiring confirmations of the validity of homeopathic therapy which they considered desirable in this personalised form. CONCLUSION: The possible adoption by family medicine of elements of homeopathy may be seen as controversial, but this study again indicates the vital importance of successful communication to ensure a sustainable doctor-patient relationship. Advances in this sector not only require continuous efforts in the areas of medical training and professional development, but also touch on basic questions relating to the development of effective medical care, such as those currently being discussed in the context of the 'patient-centred medical home'.
Subject(s)
Attitude to Health , Chronic Disease/therapy , Family Practice/standards , Homeopathy/standards , Patient Satisfaction , Physician-Patient Relations , Adult , Aged , Communication , Family Practice/methods , Female , Germany , Health Care Surveys , Homeopathy/methods , Humans , Interviews as Topic , Male , Middle AgedABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Previous studies show an increased interest and usage of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) in the general population and among health care workers both internationally and nationally. CAM usage is also reported to be common among surgical patients. Earlier international studies have reported that a large amount of surgical patients use it prior to and after surgery. Recent publications indicate a weak knowledge about CAM among health care workers. However the current situation in Sweden is unknown. The aim of this study was therefore to explore perceived knowledge about CAM among registered healthcare professions in surgical departments at Swedish university hospitals. METHOD: A questionnaire was distributed to 1757 registered physicians, nurses and physiotherapists in surgical wards at the seven university hospitals in Sweden from spring 2010 to spring 2011. The questionnaire included classification of 21 therapies into conventional, complementary, alternative and integrative, and whether patients were recommended these therapies. Questions concerning knowledge, research, and patient communication about CAM were also included. RESULT: A total of 737 (42.0%) questionnaires were returned. Therapies classified as complementary; were massage, manual therapies, yoga and acupuncture. Alternative therapies; were herbal medicine, dietary supplements, homeopathy and healing. Classification to integrative therapy was low, and unfamiliar therapies were Bowen therapy, iridology and Rosen method. Therapies recommended by > 40% off the participants were massage and acupuncture. Knowledge and research about CAM was valued as minor or none at all by 95.7% respectively 99.2%. Importance of possessing knowledge about it was valued as important by 80.9%. It was believed by 61.2% that more research funding should be addressed to CAM research, 72.8% were interested in reading CAM-research results, and 27.8% would consider taking part in such research. Half of the participants (55.8%) were positive to learning such therapy. Communication about CAM between patients and the health care professions was found to be rare. CONCLUSION: There is a lack of knowledge about CAM and research about it among registered health care professions in Swedish surgical care. However, in contrast to previous studies the results revealed that the majority perceived it as important to gain knowledge in this field.
Subject(s)
Attitude of Health Personnel , Complementary Therapies , Integrative Medicine , Professional Competence , Adult , Aged , Biomedical Research , Communication , Female , Health Care Surveys , Hospital Departments , Hospitals, University , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Nurses , Physical Therapists , Physicians , Surveys and Questionnaires , Sweden , Young AdultABSTRACT
This paper explores the 'body work' undertaken by practitioners of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), in the light of ethnographic research on the education of osteopaths and homeopaths. The data presented focus on practitioners' experiences of learning to communicate, touch and facilitate the healing process for their patients. Two new concepts are introduced: listening to body-talk and constructing body-stories, which are discussed as aspects of body work. Body-talk expresses the idea that the embodied patient is not a passive recipient of healthcare, but that the 'body' is able to communicate its distress and its needs. The body-story concept highlights the interactional nature of the therapeutic encounter and the profound interrelation between the treatment and case-taking aspects of the practitioner's clinical tasks. By drawing on key sociological concepts of the body and embodiment, reflexivity and narrative, I argue that the dialogical construction of body-stories challenges Cartesian dualism. Finally, I discuss what the data might mean for the future development of the sociological concept of 'body work', drawing particular attention to the necessity to problematise the concept of the 'body' and to pay great attention to body work as embodied work.
Subject(s)
Complementary Therapies/methods , Health Services , Narration , Professional-Patient Relations , Social Work/methods , Touch , Anthropology, Cultural , Communication , Homeopathy/methods , Humans , Osteopathic Medicine/methodsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The prevalence of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use and the modalities used by pediatric oncology patients vary widely across studies. In addition, the changes in the use of CAM over the course of treatment are understudied. Thus, this study aimed to explore (1) CAM use by pediatric oncology patients in relation to specific time intervals and (2) communication about CAM use between parents and oncologists. METHODS: This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted among parents of children diagnosed with cancer at a Swiss pediatric hematology-oncology center by means of an online questionnaire. Questions were related to their child's CAM use over different time intervals, sources of information about CAM use, and communication with the oncologists. RESULTS: Among 140 respondents, CAM was used by 54.3% of patients before diagnosis and 69.3% of patients after diagnosis. During each defined time interval, between 50 and 58.8% of the patients used at least one CAM. Homeopathy was the most popular CAM modality used during oncology treatment, during the first year after treatment, and between 1 and 5 years after the end of treatment. Osteopathy was the most popular CAM ≥5 years after the end of oncology treatment. Forty percent of respondents did not discuss CAM with their oncologist. CONCLUSIONS: The high prevalence of CAM use and the different trends of use during the oncology care pathway and afterward underline the need to increase communication about CAM in the pediatric oncology setting, notably regarding benefits and risks of interaction with oncology treatment.
Subject(s)
Communication , Complementary Therapies/methods , Complementary Therapies/statistics & numerical data , Neoplasms/therapy , Physician-Patient Relations , Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Infant , Information Seeking Behavior , Male , Retrospective Studies , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: How do parents of child patients experience and compare consultations with homeopaths and physicians, and how do they describe an ideal consultation. METHODS: A qualitative study with interviews of parents to 16 children who had consulted both a homeopaths and a physicians. RESULTS: Comparing consultations with physicians and homeopaths, the parents experienced the homeopathic consultations to a greater extent to have a whole person approach, also described as a core factor in an ideal consultation. This approach included exhaustive questioning, longer consultations, more interaction with the child and looking for the underlying cause. CONCLUSION: The parents in this study perceived that the homeopathic consultation had a whole person approach while consultations with most physicians focused on the symptoms. The homeopathic consultation was said to be more in line with what the parents perceived to be an ideal consultation for their children than consultation with physicians. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Treatment philosophy and the aim of the consultation are likely to play a larger part than the technical aspects in determining the form and content of a consultation. Training in communication could benefit from including discussions on how the practitioner's treatment philosophy influences the consultation behavior.
Subject(s)
Attitude to Health , Homeopathy/organization & administration , Parents/psychology , Pediatrics/organization & administration , Referral and Consultation/organization & administration , Child , Child, Preschool , Clinical Competence , Communication , Female , Holistic Health , Humans , Infant , Male , Medical History Taking , Norway , Patient-Centered Care/organization & administration , Philosophy, Medical , Physician's Role/psychology , Physician-Patient Relations , Qualitative Research , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
O câncer é uma doença crônico-degenerativa, que tem como uma de suas principais características a capacidade de invadir tecidos e órgãos do corpo, favorecendo o crescimento desordenado de células. É uma doença que impacta fortemente a pessoa enferma e todos à sua volta, incluindo sua família e seus amigos. A partir desse cenário, este trabalho visou compreender a visão da criança e o impacto emocional sofrido diante do diagnóstico de câncer da mãe. Buscou-se avaliar, a partir de ferramentas lúdicas e do desenho-estória, o entendimento da criança em relação ao processo de adoecimento materno, tomando como base o referencial psicanalítico para reconhecer como ela lidou com a situação. Participaram desta pesquisa uma mulher de 39 anos com diagnóstico de câncer em remissão e seu filho de 9 anos. Os resultados demonstraram que o adoecimento materno causou impactos emocionais significativos e assustadores para o infante, gerando fantasias irreais relacionadas ao câncer e a si próprio. Dessa forma, considera-se de fundamental importância o cuidado estendido aos familiares do indivíduo doente, a fim de que se tenha um olhar a todos que sofrem diante desse contexto.(AU)
Cancer is a chronic-degenerative disease that has as one of its main characteristics the ability to invade tissues and organs of the body, favoring the disordered cell growth. It is a disease that strongly impacts the sick person and everyone around them, including their family and friends. Based on this scenario, this work aimed to understand the child's view and the emotional impact suffered in the face of the mother's cancer diagnosis. It sought to evaluate, with ludic tools and drawing history, the child's understanding about the mother's illness process, based on the psychoanalytic framework to recognize how they deal with the situation. A 39-year-old woman diagnosed with cancer, in remission, and her 9-year-old son participated in this research. The results showed that the maternal illness caused significant and frightening emotional impacts for the infant, creating unrealistic fantasies related to cancer and to himself. Thus, the care extended to the sick individual's family and to the relatives is considered of fundamental importance, to give a complete care for all those who suffer in this context.(AU)
El cáncer es una enfermedad crónico-degenerativa, que tiene como una de sus principales características la capacidad de invadir tejidos y órganos, favoreciendo un crecimiento desordenado de las células. Enfermedades como esta impactan fuertemente a la persona que está enferma y a todos los que la rodean, incluidos familiares y amigos. Considerando esta situación, este estudio tuvo como objetivo comprender la percepción de un niño y el impacto emocional que sufrió ante el diagnóstico del cáncer vivido por su madre. Se pretendió evaluar, utilizando herramientas lúdicas y de dibujo-cuento, la comprensión del niño al proceso de enfermedad materna, buscando reconocer cómo el niño manejó este proceso a partir del referencial teórico psicoanalítico. En esta investigación participaron una mujer de 39 años diagnosticada de cáncer en remisión y su hijo de 9 años. Los resultados mostraron que los impactos emocionales de la enfermedad materna fueron significativos y aterradores para el infante, generando fantasías irreales relacionadas con el cáncer y él mismo. De esta forma, el cuidado extendido a la familia del individuo que está enfrentando esta enfermedad es importante para promover una atención integral a quienes la padecen en este contexto.(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adult , Play and Playthings , Drawing , Graphic Novels as Topic , Psychological Distress , Mothers , Neoplasms , Anxiety , Anxiety, Separation , Pain , Paranoid Disorders , Parents , Paternal Behavior , Pathology , Perceptual Defense , Personality , Play Therapy , Psychoanalysis , Psychoanalytic Therapy , Psychology , Psychotherapy , Quality of Life , Rehabilitation , Self Concept , Somatoform Disorders , Sublimation, Psychological , Symbiosis , Therapeutics , Transactional Analysis , Unconscious, Psychology , Breast Neoplasms , Bereavement , Adaptation, Psychological , Patient Acceptance of Health Care , Homeopathic Cure , Child Care , Child Rearing , Psychic Symptoms , Chronic Disease , Risk Factors , Parenting , Panic Disorder , Interview , Communication , Conflict, Psychological , Creativity , Affect , Crying , Death , Defense Mechanisms , Depression , Diagnosis , Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions , Ego , Emotions , Disease Prevention , User Embracement , Existentialism , Family Relations , Early Detection of Cancer , Fear , Hope , Emotional Adjustment , Phobia, Social , Treatment Adherence and Compliance , Free Association , Family Separation , Frustration , Patient Care , Chemotherapy-Related Cognitive Impairment , Physical Distancing , Genetics , Healthy Life Expectancy , Family Support , Psychological Growth , Coping Skills , Guilt , Happiness , Hospitalization , Imagination , Immune System , Individuation , Life Change Events , Loneliness , Maternal Deprivation , Medical Oncology , Medicine , Mother-Child Relations , Negativism , Neoplasm Regression, SpontaneousABSTRACT
O confronto com o câncer de um filho e a percepção da sua morte como inevitável dão lugar a experiências parentais relevantes para a pesquisa científica. Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar, por meio da percepção dos profissionais hospitalares, o modo como os pais experienciam a fase terminal e fim de vida do filho com câncer para melhor compreender os processos psicoemocionais experienciados por esses pais diante da cronicidade da doença e da morte do filho. No sentido de alcançar esse objetivo, realizou-se um estudo qualitativo de tipo fenomenológico envolvendo 17 profissionais de dois hospitais portugueses de referência em oncologia pediátrica. Os dados foram recolhidos com recurso a um guia de entrevista semiestruturada. Na percepção dos profissionais hospitalares, os resultados evidenciam que esses pais experienciam múltiplas dificuldades e preocupações na fase terminal da doença do filho e no pós-morte, bem como um sofrimento extremo e desestruturação biopsicossocial e espiritual na família. O conhecimento aprofundado da fenomenologia desses processos é essencial para o desenho e a implementação de intervenções emocionais, cognitivas, comportamentais e sociais mais ajustadas às dificuldades e preocupações parentais vividas no fim de vida e pós-morte.(AU)
Coping with children's cancer and the perception of their inevitable death give rise to parental experiences that are important to study. This study aimed to investigate, based on hospital professionals' perspectives, how parents experience the terminal phase and end of life of their children suffering from cancer to better understand the psycho-emotional processes these parents experienced in face of the chronicity of the disease and their children's death. To achieve this objective, a qualitative phenomenological study was carried out involving 17 professionals of two Portuguese hospitals that are reference in pediatric oncology. Data were collected using a semi-structured interview guide. From the perspective of hospital professionals, results show that these parents experience multiple difficulties and concerns in the terminal phase of their children's disease and postmortem, as well as the extreme suffering and biopsychosocial and spiritual disruption of the family. A deeper understanding of the phenomenology of these processes is essential to design and implement better adjusted emotional, cognitive, behavioral, and social interventions aimed at the parental difficulties and concerns experienced at the end of life and after death.(AU)
El enfrentamiento del cáncer de un hijo y la percepción de su muerte como inevitable dan lugar a experiencias parentales importantes que deben ser estudiadas. Este estudio pretende identificar desde la percepción de los profesionales del hospital cómo los padres viven la fase terminal y el final de la vida de su hijo con cáncer con el fin de comprender mejor los procesos psicoemocionales que viven estos padres ante la cronicidad de la enfermedad y la muerte de su hijo. Para ello, se realizó un estudio cualitativo, con enfoque fenomenológico, en el que participaron 17 profesionales de dos hospitales portugueses de referencia en oncología pediátrica. Para recoger los datos se aplicó un guion de entrevista semiestructurada. En cuanto a la percepción de los profesionales del hospital, estos padres experimentaron múltiples dificultades y preocupaciones en la fase terminal de la enfermedad de su hijo y postmuerte, así como un sufrimiento extremo y una desestructuración biopsicosocial y espiritual en la familia. El conocimiento en profundidad de la fenomenología de estos procesos es esencial para elaborar e implementar intervenciones emocionales, cognitivas, conductuales y sociales más acordes a las dificultades y preocupaciones parentales que se experimentan al final de la vida y la postmuerte.(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Parents , Pediatrics , Portugal , Expression of Concern , Neoplasms , Anxiety , Pain , Palliative Care , Parent-Child Relations , Patient Care Team , Philosophy , Psychology , Psychology, Medical , Psychophysiology , Quality of Health Care , Risk-Taking , Schools , Self Care , Sibling Relations , Speech , Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic , Awareness , Survival , Terminal Care , Therapeutics , Vision, Ocular , Body Image , Right to Die , Activities of Daily Living , Bereavement , Leukemia , Attitude of Health Personnel , Attitude to Death , Divorce , Marriage , Patient Acceptance of Health Care , Central Nervous System , Homeopathic Cure , Child , Child Care , Psychology, Child , Child Rearing , Child Health , Family Health , Sampling Studies , Life Expectancy , Mortality , Conscious Sedation , Adolescent , Negotiating , Hospice Care , Caregivers , Health Personnel , Neoplasms, Post-Traumatic , Interview , Communication , Pain Clinics , Comprehensive Health Care , Conflict, Psychological , Crisis Intervention , Affect , Psychosocial Impact , Mind-Body Therapies , Withholding Treatment , Spirituality , Decision Making , Denial, Psychological , Depression , Diagnosis , Diet , Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions , Dyspnea , Education, Nonprofessional , Emotions , Disease Prevention , Humanization of Assistance , User Embracement , Family Conflict , Family Relations , Early Detection of Cancer , Fatigue , Fear , Early Medical Intervention , Medicalization , Hope , Acceptance and Commitment Therapy , Courage , Optimism , Psychological Trauma , Psychiatric Rehabilitation , Psychosocial Support Systems , Psycho-Oncology , Frustration , Sadness , Respect , Emotional Regulation , Psychological Distress , Patient Care , Psychosocial Intervention , Family Support , Psychological Well-Being , Emotional Exhaustion , Health Promotion , Health Services , Hearing , Hospitalization , Anger , Leukocytes , Life Change Events , Life Support Care , Loneliness , Love , Nausea , Nursing CareABSTRACT
Este artigo propõe o estudo sobre o conceito de outro como semelhante e como objeto. Partindo de textos que interpelam a alteridade na psicanálise e remetendo aos temas do complexo semelhante, da satisfação, da perda, do luto, da negativa, da repetição; avalia o conceito de outro articulando textos de diversos autores. A partir da psicanálise freudiana, estuda o das Ding e a negação, discriminando com estes termos um objeto estruturante na origem do psiquismo. Aborda textos técnicos da psicanálise para delimitar o tema da repetição. Também a recordação e a repetição são vinculadas ao objeto e estudadas na perspectiva da filosofia moderna. São retomados temas do diálogo platônicos para definir o lugar do erótico e da amizade. No fim do presente artigo, propomos o termo clássico grego Oikos com valor equivalente ao da Coisa freudiana e como esta aparece em escritos psicanalíticos.(AU)
This article studies the concept of other as similar and object. It is based on texts that question the alterity in psychoanalysis and refers to the themes of otherness complex, loss, grief, negative, repetition, and evaluates the concept of other, using articles of diverse authors. Based on Freudian psychoanalysis, it studies the Thing and the denial and discriminates a structuring object in the origin of psychism. It approaches technical texts of psychoanalysis to delimitate the theme of repetition. The recordation and repetition are also linked to the object and studied from the perspective of modern philosophy. Themes of the platonic dialogues are resumed to define the place of the erotic and the friendship. In the end of the article, we propose the greek classic term Oikos, with equal value to the Freudian Thing, as this one appears in psychoanalytic writings.(AU)
Este artículo estudia el concepto Otro como semejante y como objeto. A partir de textos que interpelan la alteridad en psicoanálisis y que se refieren a temas del complejo semejante, de la satisfacción, de la pérdida, del duelo, de la negación, de la repetición, se evalúa el concepto de Otro articulando textos de diferentes autores. Basado en el psicoanálisis freudiano, se aborda Ding y la negación, discriminando con estos términos un objeto estructurante en el origen de lo psíquico. Se abordan textos técnicos del psicoanálisis para delimitar el tema de la repetición; el recuerdo y la repetición son vinculadas al objeto y estudiadas desde la perspectiva de la filosofía moderna; y se retoman temas de los diálogos platónicos para definir el lugar de lo erótico y la amistad. Al culminar este artículo se propone leer el término griego clásico Oikos con un valor equivalente al de la Cosa freudiana como aparece en los escritos psicoanalíticos.(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Philosophy , Psychoanalysis , Psychology , Humans , Object Attachment , Perception , Pleasure-Pain Principle , Projection , Psychopathology , Psychosexual Development , Rationalization , Rejection, Psychology , Repression, Psychology , Repression-Sensitization , Safety , Social Behavior , Social Responsibility , Sublimation, Psychological , Superego , Thinking , Truth Disclosure , Unconscious, Psychology , Beauty , Volition , Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms , Technical Cooperation , Symbolism , Attitude , Singularities , Homeopathic Cure , Mortality , Adolescent , Staff Development , Communication , Conflict, Psychological , Conscience , Consciousness , Privacy , Knowledge , Metaphor , Life , Empiricism , Address , Affect , Neurolinguistic Programming , Textbook , Virtues , Personal Autonomy , Moral Development , Research Subjects , Depressive Disorder , History, Ancient , Dreams , Drive , Education , Ego , Erotica , Academies and Institutes , Scientific Domains , User Embracement , Ethics , Extraversion, Psychological , Fantasy , Theory of Mind , Hope , Self-Control , Moral Status , Symbolic Interactionism , Freudian Theory , Psychological Distress , Food Social Space , Greece , Hate , Id , Identification, Psychological , Imagination , Individuality , Inhibition, Psychological , Interpersonal Relations , Judgment , Jungian Theory , Language , Libido , Love , Memory , MythologyABSTRACT
Apesar da importância do envolvimento paterno, sua avaliação persiste desafiadora. No Brasil, o Inventário de Envolvimento Paterno (IFI-BR) vem se mostrando adequado para uso com pais de crianças de 5 a 10 anos. Entretanto, do ponto de vista do desenvolvimento infantil e de intervenções preventivas, seria importante avaliar o envolvimento paterno quando as crianças são mais novas. Assim, este trabalho teve como objetivos: identificar limitações do IFI-BR, quando usado com pais de crianças entre 2 e 10 anos, e avaliar itens para o IFI-BR-revisado. No Estudo 1, 434 pais com filhos no Ensino Infantil ou Fundamental 1 responderam a um questionário sociodemográfico e ao IFI-BR. Com base em análises de dados omissos, estrutura interna e precisão, modificações foram sugeridas, visando à manutenção da estrutura interna original do instrumento. No Estudo 2, 572 pais com filhos na mesma faixa etária responderam a um questionário sociodemográfico e à versão modificada do IFI-BR. Foram comparadas as frequências de dados omissos e estimativas de precisão para os itens originais e modificados, selecionando aqueles que melhor representavam essa amostra de pais para compor a versão revisada do IFI-BR. Esses resultados indicaram evidências adequadas de validade, com base no conteúdo da versão revisada do IFI-BR, quando utilizada para avaliar a qualidade do envolvimento paterno de pais brasileiros com filhos do Ensino Infantil ao Fundamental 1. Após verificadas evidências de validade adicionais, essa versão revisada do IFI-BR poderá ser utilizada, por exemplo, em estudos longitudinais e na avaliação de intervenções precoces com pais.(AU)
Despite the importance assigned to father involvement, evaluating this construct remains a challenge. In Brazil, the Inventário de Envolvimento Paterno (IFI-BR) has showed satisfactory evidence of validity for fathers of children between 5 and 10 years old. From the perspective of child development and preventive interventions, however, evaluating father involvement with younger children is essential. Hence, this study sought to: identify limitations of the IFI-BR for fathers of children between 2 and 10 years old, and evaluate items for a revised IFI-BR. In Study 1, 434 fathers of children in early childhood and primary school settings answered a sociodemographic questionnaire and the IFI-BR. Based on analyses of missing data, internal structure, and reliability, modifications were suggested to maintain the original internal structure. In Study 2, 572 fathers of children in the same age range answered a sociodemographic questionnaire and the modified IFI-BR. After comparison between values for missing data and reliability of the original and modified items, the items that best represented the broader sample of fathers were selected to compose the revised IFI-BR. Results indicated adequate evidence of content validity for the revised IFI-BR when used to assess the involvement of Brazilian fathers with children in early childhood education and primary school settings. After additional evidence has been verified, this revised IFI-BR can be used, for example, in longitudinal studies and to evaluate early interventions with fathers.(AU)
La participación paterna es importante, pero su evaluación sigue siendo desafiadora. En Brasil, el Inventário de Envolvimento Paterno (IFI-BR) demuestra ser adecuado para aplicar a padres de niños de 5 a 10 años de edad. No obstante, desde la perspectiva del desarrollo infantil y de las intervenciones preventivas, sería importante evaluar la participación de los padres de niños más jóvenes. Este estudio tuvo como objetivos: identificar limitaciones del IFI-BR cuando se aplica a padres de niños entre los 2 y 10 años y evaluar ítems para el IFI-BR-revisado. En Estudio 1, 434 padres con hijos en el jardín de infantes o escuela primaria respondieron un cuestionario sociodemográfico y el IFI-BR. Con base en el análisis de datos faltantes, estructura interna y exactitud, se sugirieron modificaciones para mantener la estructura interna original del instrumento. En Estudio 2, 572 padres respondieron un cuestionario sociodemográfico y la versión modificada del IFI-BR. Se compararon las frecuencias de datos faltantes y estimaciones de exactitud para los ítems originales y modificados, seleccionando aquellos que representaban mejor a esta muestra de padres para la versión revisada del IFI-BR. Estos resultados indicaron evidencia adecuada de validez, basada en el contenido de la versión revisada del IFI-BR, cuando se utilizó para evaluar la calidad de la participación de padres brasileños con niños en el jardín de infantes y en la escuela primaria. Después de verificada la evidencia adicional de validez, la versión revisada del IFI-BR se puede utilizar, por ejemplo, en estudios longitudinales y en la evaluación de intervenciones precoz con los padres.(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Young Adult , Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale , Paternity , Psychometrics , Family , Child Welfare , Anxiety , Paternal Behavior , Personal Satisfaction , Personality , Personality Development , Aptitude , Play and Playthings , Problem Solving , Psychology , Psychology, Social , Public Policy , Reading , Assertiveness , School Health Services , Social Behavior , Social Justice , Social Support , Social Values , Sports , Stress, Psychological , Taboo , Teaching , Temperance , Time , Track and Field , Underachievement , Women , Women, Working , Women's Rights , Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms , Child Custody , Single Parent , Marriage , Child, Abandoned , Child Advocacy , Child Care , Child Rearing , Mental Health , Family Health , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Parenting , Mental Competency , Family Planning Policy , Marital Status , Communication , Feminism , Behavioral Disciplines and Activities , Drawing , Counseling , Internet , Affect , Culture , Education, Primary and Secondary , Trust , Educational Status , Emotions , Empathy , Employee Discipline , Family Development Planning , Family Conflict , Child, Orphaned , Family Relations , Family Therapy , Father-Child Relations , Altruism , Masculinity , Social Skills , Work Performance , Work-Life Balance , School Teachers , Academic Performance , Androcentrism , Freedom , Egocentrism , Respect , Right to Work , Social Interaction , Gender Role , Sociodemographic Factors , Family Support , Family Structure , Psychological Well-Being , Working Conditions , Habits , Hostility , Human Development , Identification, Psychological , Income , Learning Disabilities , Leisure Activities , Love , Mothers , Music , Object AttachmentABSTRACT
Many pediatric patients and their families use dietary supplements and homeopathy. They do not always disclose this information to their health care practitioners. It is important that health care practitioners are aware of the research available in these areas and discuss the use of these products openly with their patients. As part of that dialogue, clinicians need to consider what level of effectiveness is acceptable to support the use of these products by their patients. This risk-benefit appraisal should consider safety, effectiveness, the medical condition being treated, and the personal beliefs and preferences of patients and their families.
Subject(s)
Child Health Services/standards , Complementary Therapies/standards , Homeopathy , Pediatrics/methods , Phytotherapy , Child , Communication , Complementary Therapies/statistics & numerical data , Decision Making , Homeopathy/standards , Humans , Physician-Patient Relations , Phytotherapy/standards , Risk Assessment , United StatesABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effectiveness and safety of the homeopathic product SilAtro-5-90 in recurrent tonsillitis. METHODS: In this international, pragmatic, controlled clinical trial, 256 patients (6-60 years) with moderate recurrent tonsillitis were randomized to receive either SilAtro-5-90 in addition to standard symptomatic treatment, or to receive standard treatment only. The primary outcome was the mean time period between consecutive acute throat infections (ATI) within 1 year (analyzed via repeated events analysis). RESULTS: During the evaluation year, the risk of getting an ATI was significantly lower (hazard ratio: 0.45, proportional means model, p = 0.0002, ITT) with SilAtro-5-90 compared to control. Tonsillitis-specific symptoms were significantly reduced (p < 0.0001, ITT) and the need of antibiotics to treat acute throat infections (p = 0.0008; ITT) decreased. 3 non-serious adverse drug reactions were reported for SilAtro-5-90. CONCLUSIONS: An integrative treatment approach where SilAtro-5-90 is given alongside mainstream symptomatic treatment may bring therapeutic benefit to patients suffering from recurrent tonsillitis. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ISRCTN registry: Registration number ISRCTN19016626, registered 23 January 2013.
Subject(s)
Homeopathy , Materia Medica/therapeutic use , Tonsillitis/drug therapy , Adolescent , Adult , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Child , Communication , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Pharyngitis , Recurrence , Treatment Outcome , Young AdultABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Complementary and integrative health (CIH) use among Hispanic adults with colorectal cancer (CRC) diagnosis is not well documented. Understanding the prevalence and patterns of CIH use among Hispanics offers insights to uncover potential needs for clinical services. DESIGN: Participants were age 21 years or older with a first-time diagnosis of CRC from population-based cancer registries in California. In-person and/or telephone-based interviews were administered to collect data on CIH use. Demographic and clinical diagnosis data were abstracted from medical records. Descriptive statistical and logistic regression was used to analyze the frequencies and associations between selected patient characteristics and CIH use. RESULTS: Among 631 Hispanic patients, 40.1% reported ever using CIH. Herbal products/dietary supplements were used most often (35.3%), followed by bodywork (16.5%), mind-body practices (7.8%), and homeopathy (6.7%). About 60% of participants reported CIH use to address specific health conditions; however, most patients did not discuss CIH use with their physicians (76.3%). Women reported higher CIH use than did men (45.1% versus 35.9%; odds ratio, 1.49 [95% confidence interval, 1.07-2.08]; p = 0.02). CIH use did not differ by clinical stage, time since diagnosis, or preferred language. CONCLUSIONS: CIH use is prevalent among Hispanic patients with CRC, especially women. Little communication about CIH use occurs between participants and their healthcare providers. Efforts aimed at improving integrative oncology services provide an opportunity to address such gaps in healthcare service.
Subject(s)
Colorectal Neoplasms/epidemiology , Colorectal Neoplasms/therapy , Complementary Therapies/statistics & numerical data , Hispanic or Latino/statistics & numerical data , Integrative Medicine/statistics & numerical data , Physician-Patient Relations , Adult , Aged , Communication , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young AdultSubject(s)
Accreditation , Ethics, Pharmacy , Homeopathy , State Medicine , Female , Humans , Accreditation/legislation & jurisprudence , Administration, Sublingual , Anticonvulsants/adverse effects , Communication , COVID-19/diagnosis , COVID-19/epidemiology , COVID-19 Drug Treatment , Fentanyl/administration & dosage , Homeopathy/economics , Homeopathy/ethics , SARS-CoV-2/genetics , SARS-CoV-2/isolation & purification , State Medicine/legislation & jurisprudence , State Medicine/organization & administration , Testosterone Congeners/adverse effects , Testosterone Congeners/supply & distribution , Testosterone Congeners/toxicity , United Kingdom/epidemiology , Vaccines/standards , Vaccines/therapeutic use , Valproic Acid/adverse effectsABSTRACT
This paper tells about a 'dialogue group', consisting of alternative and modern health practitioners, that was started in Norway in 1989, how it works and what has been achieved up to now. WHO has strongly advocated promotion of cooperation between traditional and modern health practitioners. In Botswana, where one of the general practitioners in the group has practiced, 'United Health Committees' have been established aiming at creating a dialogue between the different types of health professionals. In industrialized countries little seems to have been done so far. Many patients in Norway, as in many other countries, consult ordinary doctors as well as alternative practitioners. In Norway, members of these two professions almost never meet, other than as opponents. They receive information about each other mostly through discontented patients who have been unsuccessfully treated by the other part. In this way practitioners get an insufficient and biased report of one another's practices, as well as an unrealistic and distorted picture. If patients know that both parts respect one another, then most of them dare to tell that they use both types of practitioners. Otherwise many patients conceal this.
Subject(s)
Communication , Interprofessional Relations , Medicine, Traditional , Physicians , Acupuncture Therapy , Attitude of Health Personnel , Chiropractic , Homeopathy , Humans , Norway , Physicians, FamilyABSTRACT
Within the last 20 yr, heterodox medicine has become increasingly popular in western societies. Critics and advocates argue that the physician-patient relationship is a key factor to this success. This study which is based on 20 semi-structured interviews with homeopathic physicians in Berlin questions the notion of a purely consensual interaction. While we can find a certain degree of partnership between homeopathic physicians and their patients, there is a significant amount of negotiation and disagreement as well: The arenas are the revelation of the prescribed homeopathic remedy, patients' expectations, the physicians' fees and differing views on the appropriate duration of consultation. Consequently, a rather complex picture of the physician-patient interaction emerges which challenges the notion of a purely harmony- and consumer-oriented consultation in heterodox medicine. It does not seem possible straightforwardly to apply any of the existing theoretical models to the physician-patient relationship.