[Fermentation of cellulase with multiple types of Salvia miltiorrhiza residues and other solid wastes from Chinese materia medica industrialization].

The solid wastes of Chinese materia dedica industrialization represented by Salvia miltiorrhiza residues have a strong small-molecule bio-recalcitrance in the process of high-value utilization of biotransformation. Highly tolerant strains were bred to break bio-recalcitrance of Salvia miltiorrhiza residues and produce high-value added cellulose, which has a significant significance for recycling and industrial utilization of solid waste. In this study, a strain of fungus, Penicillium expansum SZ13, was found with small-molecule antibacterial substance tanshinone contained in Salvia miltiorrhiza residues by a biological method. The optimal enzyme production process and peak period of SZ13 were determined. It was found that SZ13 could maintain peak enzyme production for 5 days by degrading residues under the conditions of temperature 35 ℃, rotation speed 180 r·min~(-1), 5% of residues addition, and 5% seed solution addition. Meanwhile, the ability of SZ13 to degrade the enzyme production of multiple types of residues was explored. The results showed a high enzyme activity and stable enzyme production of SZ13 in the process of degrading residues. SZ13 could efficiently utilize various types of Chinese medicine residues, such as Salvia miltiorrhiza residues, to realize the high-value utilization of cellulose in multiple types of residues.

[Research on resources chemistry of Chinese medicinal materials and resources recycling utilization ways and goals and tasks].

The objects of research on the resources chemistry of Chinese medicinal materials (RCCMM) are promotion of efficient production, rational utilization and improving quality of CMM and natural products. The development of TCM cause depends on the efficient utilization and sustainable development of CMM, hinges on the technologies and methods for using and discovering medicinal biological resources, stand or fall on the extension of industy chains, detailed utilizaion of resource chemical components by multi-way, multi-level. All of these may help to the recycling utilization and sound development of RCMM. In this article, five respects were discussed to the RCCMM researches and resources recycling utilization ways and goals and tasks. First, based on the principle of resource scarcity, discovering or replacing CMM resources, protecting the rare or endangered species or resources. Second, based on the multifunctionality of CMM, realizing the value-added and value compensation, and promoting the utilization efficiency through systermatic and detailed exploitation and utilization. Third, based on the resource conservation and environment-friendly, reducing raw material consumption, lowering cost, promoting recycling utilization and elevating utilization efficiency. Fourth, based on the stratege of turning harm into good, using the invasive alien biological resources by multi-ways and enriching the medicial resources. Fifth, based on the method of structure modification of chemical components, exploring and enhancing the utility value of resouces chemical substances. These data should provide references and attention for improving the utilization efficiency, promoting the development of recycling economy, and changing the mode of economic growth of agriculture and industry of CMM fundamentally.

[Research practices of conversion efficiency of resources utilization model of castoff from Chinese material medica industrialization].

The industrialization chains and their products, which were formed from the process of the production of medicinal materials-prepared drug in pieces and deep processed product of Chinese material medica (CMM) resources, have generated large benefits of social and economic. However, The large of herb-medicine castoff of "non-medicinal parts" and "rejected materials" produced inevitably during the process of Chinese medicinal resources produce and process, and the residues, waste water and waste gas were produced during the manufactured and deep processed product of CMM. These lead to the waste of resources and environmental pollution. Our previous researches had proposed the "three utilization strategies" and "three types of resources models" of herb-medicine castoff according to the different physicochemical property of resources constitutes, resources potential and utility value of herb-medicine castoff. This article focus on the conversion efficiency of resources model and analysis the ways, technologies, practices, and application in herb-medicine cast off of the conversion efficiency of resources model based on the recycling economy theory of resources and thoughts of resources chemistry of CMM. These data may be promote and resolve the key problems limited the industrialization of Chinese material medica for long time and promote the realization of herb-medicine castoff resources utilization.

[Study on anti-tumor effect of dry and fresh Gekko swinhonis freeze-dried powders on mice sarcoma S180 and acute toxicity testing of two powders].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the anti-tumor activity of dry Gekko swinhonis freeze-dried powder (DGFP) and fresh G. swinhonis freeze-dried powder (FGFP) on mice sarcoma S180 and acute toxicity testing of the two powders. METHOD: Mice xenotransplant model of sarcoma S180 was established. Eighty mice were randomly divided into 8 groups. Control group were orally administrated by saline, another intraperitoneally injected with 5-Fu, the other six groups were orally administrated by DGFP and FGFP, each at three different doses (low, moderate and high). Rate of restraining tumor, index of thymus and spleen were calculated after 10 days' treatment. Acute toxicity testing tried to figure out LDs and LD, of DGFP and FGFP. RESULT: The restraining tumor rates of DGFP and FGFP each at three doses were 31.4%, 50.8%, 37.7% and 14.8%, 19.1%, 54.7%. DGFP and FGFP elevated the thymic weight and thymic index of the mice to different extent. There were no significant differences among the eight groups in their spleen weight and spleen index. Acute toxicity testing did not figure out LD50 of DGFP and FGFP. In LD0 test, the administrating dosages of DGFP and FGFP given to the mice were both more than 2000 times than those given to patients on clinic. The result showed nothing abnormal in DGFP group. Compared with the DGFP and control group there was only a significant body weight decrease (P < 0.01) in the FGFP group in the first three days. However, on the fifth day and the seventh day there was no significant difference. CONCLUSION: DGFP and FGFP have conspicuous anti-tumor effects in vivo. The mechanism may be related to the elevated cellular immune function. Acute toxicity testing reveals that DGFP and FGFP are quite safe for conventional oral use on clinic.

[Study on process of removing impurity from water-extraction of gutianquan-capsule].

OBJECTIVE: To study the result of removing impurity from water-extraction of Gutianquan-capsule with macro-reticular absorbing resin, chitosans clarification, water-extraction and alcohol-precipitation methods. METHOD: Coefficient of Unguent of macro-reticular absorbing resin, chitosans clarification method, water-extraction and alcohol-precipitation methods were compared, and qualitative assay of Ginsenoside Rg1, Re, and snide measurement of Ginsenoside Rg1, Ferulic acid, and stability experiment were made. RESULT: Coefficient of Unguent of water-extraction and alcohol-precipitation method was 17.2%, Coefficient of Unguent of chitosans clarification method was 12.8%, and macro-reticular absorbing resin method was 3.1%. They could clarify liquor of water-extraction. CONCLUSION: Chitosans clarification method is suitable for process of Gutianquan-capsule.