RESUMO
Recent evidence includes apoptosis as a defense against Trypanosoma cruzi infection, which promotes an immune response in the host induced by T cells, type 1, 2 and 17. Currently, there is no medicine completely preventing the progression of this disease. We investigated the immunological and apoptotic effects, morbidity and survival of mice infected with T. cruzi and treated with dynamized homeopathic compounds 13c: Kalium causticum (GCaus), Conium maculatum, (GCon), Lycopodium clavatum (GLy) and 7% alcohol solution (control, vehicle compounds, GCI). There was significant difference in the increase of apoptosis in the treated groups, compared with GCI, which might indicate action of the compounds in these cells. Infected animals treated with Lycopodium clavatum presented better performance compared with other groups. GLy showed a higher amount of hepatocytes and splenocytes undergoing apoptosis, higher number of apoptotic bodies in the liver, predominance of Th1 response, increased TNF-α and decreased IL-6, higher survival, lower morbidity, higher water consumption, body temperature, tendency to higher feed intake and weight gain compared with GCI. Conium maculatum had worse results with increased Th2 response with increased IL-4, worsening of the infection with early mortality of the animals. Together, these data suggest that highly diluted medicines modulate the immune response and apoptosis, affecting the morbidity of animals infected with a highly virulent strain of T. cruzi, being able to minimize the course of infection, providing more alternative approaches in the treatment of Chagas disease.
Assuntos
Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Doença de Chagas/tratamento farmacológico , Hepatócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Lycopodium/química , Extratos Vegetais/uso terapêutico , Baço/efeitos dos fármacos , Trypanosoma cruzi/patogenicidade , Animais , Temperatura Corporal , Doença de Chagas/fisiopatologia , Conium/química , Citocinas/metabolismo , Fragmentação do DNA , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Ingestão de Líquidos , Hepatócitos/parasitologia , Hepatócitos/patologia , Interleucina-4/metabolismo , Interleucina-6/metabolismo , Masculino , Camundongos , Morbidade , Extratos Vegetais/administração & dosagem , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Baço/parasitologia , Baço/patologia , Taxa de Sobrevida , Células Th1/imunologia , Células Th2/imunologia , Trypanosoma cruzi/imunologia , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/metabolismo , Aumento de PesoRESUMO
Introduction: In Trypanosoma cruzi infection, the pathogenesis is the result of a rupture in the host - parasite relationship [1]. This rupture is related to the imbalance of the vital force of the host, expressed through signs and symptoms, defined by Hahnemann (1995)[2] as being the source of the disease. There is no research in the literature about the clinical evolution of mice experimentally infected with T. cruzi and treated in different ways using biotherapic. Therefore, this is an area to be studied in the future.Conclusion: The use of biotherapic T. cruzi 17DH for a long period causes clinical improvement of the infected mice with Trypanosoma cruzi. The clinical use of these results in human beings should consider the allometric medicine dosage which takes into account the metabolic rate of each organism(AU)
Introdução: Na infecção pelo Trypanosoma cruzi, a patogenia é resultado do rompimento do equilíbrio da relação parasito - hospedeiro (Tafuri, 1987), que está relacionada com o desequilíbrio da força vital do hospedeiro, expressando-se através de sinais e sintomas, definido por Hahnemann (2007), como sendo a origem da doença. Não existe na literatura trabalhos que abordem a evolução clínica de camundongos experimentalmente infectados pelo T. cruzi e tratados com diferentes esquemas de tratamento utilizando bioterápico. Sendo assim, é necessária a realização de estudos com este objetivo.Conclusão: O uso prolongado do bioterápico 17DH T. cruzi melhora clinicamente camundongos infectados pelo T. cruzi. A utilização clínica destes resultados em humanos, deve considerar o sistema alométrico de dosagem de medicamentos que leva em conta a taxa metabólica de cada organismo.(AU)
Assuntos
Trypanosoma cruzi , BioterápicosRESUMO
Introduction: the mechanism of action of ultradiluted medicines has not yet been established[1,3]. Many basic research studies have focused on isopathic models using in vitro or in vivo designs [4,5]. Recent studies indicate that an ultradiluted (isopathic) antigen can transfer signals to the immune system and modulate its response when an organism is challenged against this same antigen [6]. Some studies on experimental infection of mice by T. cruzi identified apoptotic cells and showed that the increase of their number is associated with an increase also in the number of parasites in the blood of the infected animals, while blockage of apoptosis can be the target of therapeutic intervention [7,8].Conclusion: these results show that apoptosis is increased in animals treated with biotherapic of T. cruzi 17d.n(AU)
Introdução: O mecanismo de ação de medicamentos ultradiluídos ainda não está elucidado [1-3]. Muitos estudos em pesquisas básicas concentraram-se nos modelos de isopatia, utilizando protocolos in vivo ou in vitro [4,5]. Estudos recentes relatam que um antígeno ultradiluído (isopático) pode transferir sinais para o sistema imunológico e modular a sua resposta quando o organismo é desafiado contra este antígeno [6]. Outros trabalhos mostraram que na infecção experimental de camundongos pelo T. cruzi foram detectadas células apoptóticas e que um aumento das células apoptóticas está relacionado ao aumento da parasitemia em animais infectados e que o bloqueio da apoptose pode ser alvo de intervenção terapêutica [7,8].Conclusão: A apoptose está aumentada em animais tratados com bioterápico 17DH de T. cruzi e infectados pelo protozoário.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Ratos , Doença de Chagas , Bioterápicos , Altas Potências , ApoptoseRESUMO
Introduction: about 10 million people worldwide suffer from Chagas? disease [1]. The World Health Organization (WHO) has explicitly acknowledged the significance of this condition and supports the use of Complementary and Alternative Medicine by health systems integrated with conventional treatments. Even so, one century after its discovery it still represents a global challenge [1,2]. Biotherapics are ultradiluted medicines and the infection of mice by Trypanosoma cruzi is an excellent model to understand their effect [3,4]. At 8 weeks, mice are physiologically more developed than at age 4 weeks, including a more competent immune system [5].Conclusion: there is a difference in the effect of the ultradiluted medicine between mice 4- and 8-week old. Eight-week old animals treated with biotherapic exhibited lower tissue parasitism, which is the opposite of what was observed in 4-week old animals.(AU)