ABSTRACT
It has been identified that platelet glycoprotein IIIa PIA1/A2 polymorphism plays an important role in atherothrombotic disease such as myocardial infarction and stroke, but results remain controversial. Here, we investigated whether the PIA2 allele is associated with ST myocardial infarction or idiopathic ischemic stroke in young individuals in two independent studies. In a case-control study 275 patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction ≤45 years of age and 278 controls were recruited. In a second study, 200 patients with idiopathic ischemic stroke ≤45 years of age and 200 controls were enrolled. In both studies cases and controls were matched by age and gender. The PIA1/A2 polymorphism was determined in all participants by a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism assay. There was a significant difference in the PIA1/A2 genotype distribution (P = 0.001) and allele frequency (P = 0.001), between ST elevation myocardial infarction and control groups, but not in the PIA1/A2 genotype distribution (P = 0.61) and allele frequency (P = 0.80), between idiopathic ischemic stroke. The allele PIA2 represented an independent risk for ST elevation myocardial infarction but not for idiopathic ischemic stroke. Hypertension, smoking, and family history of atherothrombotic disease were also associated with ST elevation myocardial infarction and idiopathic ischemic stroke. Our results suggest that PA2 allele represents a risk factor for ST elevation myocardial infarction in young Mexican individuals but not for idiopathic ischemic stroke.
Subject(s)
Blood Platelets/metabolism , Integrin beta3/genetics , Myocardial Infarction/genetics , Platelet Adhesiveness/genetics , Stroke/genetics , Adult , Alleles , Blood Platelets/immunology , Case-Control Studies , Female , Gene Frequency/genetics , Genotype , Humans , Inflammation/immunology , Male , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide , Risk , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
Anomalous left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery, or ALCAPA syndrome, is a rare congenital cardiac disease that can cause myocardial infarction, heart failure and even death in paediatric patients. Only few untreated patients survive until adult age. Here we present the case of a 33-year-old female patient with paroxysmal tachycardia, syncope and mild exertional dyspnoea. She was diagnosed with ALCAPA syndrome and underwent surgical correction with an alternative technique of left main coronary artery extension to the aorta.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Acute myocardial infarction is the first cause of morbidity and mortality in the world, resulting in the combination of genetic and environmental factors. It has been postulated that the R353Q polymorphism of the coagulation FVII gene represents a protective factor for acute myocardial infarction, whereas the N700S polymorphism in the thrombospondin-1 gene is associated with an increased risk for acute myocardial infarction; however, the results are still contradicted. The objective of the study was to examine the possible association of the FVII R353Q and N700S polymorphism and acute myocardial infarction in Mexican patients with acute myocardial infarction younger than 45 years old. METHODS: Case-control study that included 252 patients who were diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction and 252 apparently healthy, age- and gender-matched individuals without a history of coronary artery disease. R353Q and N700S polymorphisms were determined in all participants by PCR-RFLP. RESULTS: There was no statistical significant difference in genotype distribution (p = 0.06) between the acute myocardial infarction and control groups. Also, there was a similar genotype distribution of N700S polymorphism between stroke and control groups (p = 0.50). Hypertension, diabetes mellitus, family history of coronary disease and dyslipidemia represented independent risk factors for acute myocardial infarction. CONCLUSIONS: Polymorphisms R353Q and N700S do not represent a protective or risk factor for acute myocardial infarction in young Mexican individuals.
Antecedentes: el infarto agudo de miocardio es la principal causa de morbilidad y mortalidad en el mundo, y resulta de la combinación de factores modificables y genéticos. Se ha propuesto que el polimorfismo R353Q en el gen del factor VII de la coagulación representa un factor protector en contra del infarto agudo de miocardio, mientras que el polimorfismo N700S en el gen de la trombospondina-1 (TSP- 1) incrementa el riesgo; sin embargo, los resultados aún suscitan controversia. Objetivo: determinar la posible asociación de los polimorfismos R353Q y del N700S con el infarto agudo de miocardio en pacientes mexicanos menores de 45 años. Material y métodos: estudio de casos y controles que incluyó 252 pacientes con diagnóstico de infarto agudo de miocardio y 252 individuos aparentemente sanos sin antecedentes de enfermedad coronaria, pareados por edad y sexo. Los polimorfismos R353Q N700S se determinaron en todos los participantes por medio de PCR-RFLP. Resultados: no se observó diferencia estadística en la distribución genotípica del polimorfismo R353Q del FVII entre los grupos con infarto agudo de miocardio y el grupo control (p = 0.06). Se encontró una distribución genotípica similar del polimorfismo N700S en ambos grupos (p = 0.50). Se identificaron como factores de riesgo independiente para infarto agudo de miocardio: hipertensión arterial, diabetes mellitus, antecedentes heredofamiliares para enfermedad coronaria y dislipidemia. Conclusiones: los polimorfismos R353Q y N700S no representan un factor protector o de riesgo, respectivamente, para infarto agudo de miocardio en pacientes jóvenes mexicanos. Palabras clave: factor VII de la coagulación, trombospondina-1, infarto agudo de miocardio, polimorfismo.