Spinopelvic parameters evaluation in a Brazilian population sample.

INTRODUCTION: The morphology of the spine is variable within a population, and its maintenance in appropriate values implies a decrease in the energy expended. We need to know their normal values in population. This study aims to carry out a literature review and evaluate published papers on spinopelvic parameters in a Brazilian population sample. METHODS AND POPULATION: Eleven potentially eligible papers were initially identified for inclusion in this review: three papers from PubMed and eight from Medicine. Out of these, only five papers contained methodology and relevant significance level, and therefore, they were included in the final analytical run. DISCUSSION: According to a Brazilian study, Pratali mentions no significant difference in the average values of spinopelvic balance in the Brazilian population and those found in the literature; there was also no significant difference comparing Brazilian and Korean population; however, a difference was found in comparison with European population regarding PI parameters and SS, but the latter with higher values. According to Kulcheski (Column/Columna 12:224-227, 2013), the values of pelvic tilt in the Brazilian population evaluated in his research were 19° (10°-35°) and the sacral inclination was 38° (30°-55°), presenting similar values concerning the European population. In another Brazilian paper, Oliveira (Rev Bras Ort 49:189-193, 2014) reports that the research population had PI average of 45° (41.9°-48.1°). CONCLUSION: The values obtained are relatively minor when compared to the European population. However, all of these are within the normal margin considered in the worldwide literature.

Insecticidal activity of essential oils on Spodoptera frugiperda and selectivity to Euborellia annulipes.

Fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) is the main species that causes damage to the maize crop in Brazil. In the perspective of studying alternatives of control of this pest that preserve the natural enemies, the aim of this research was to evaluate the insecticidal efficiency of the essential oils of Vanillosmopsis arborea and Lippia microphylla on S. frugiperda and verify the selectivity to the predator Euborellia annulipes. The bioassays were carried out in the Agricultural Entomology Laboratory of the Federal University of Paraiba, using insects, from 3rd instar of S. frugiperda and E. annulipes, originating from mass rearing in the laboratory itself. Dilutions of the oils were performed in Tween® 80 at concentrations of 0, 100, 150 and 200 mg mL-1. 1.0 µL from each dilution was applied to the prothoracic region of the insects. The S. frugiperda mortality was verified by topical contact of V. arborea oil with LC10 = 74.3 mg mL-1 and LC50 = 172.86 mg mL-1, for L. microphyla, LC10 = 51.26 mg mL-1 and LC50 = 104.52 mg mL-1. The observed lethal concentrations for E. annulipes were V. arborea LC10 = 71.3 mg mL-1 and LC50 = 160.2 mg mL-1. While L. microphyla, were LC10 = 50.3 mg mL-1 and LC50 = 134.67 mg mL-1. The essential oils of V. arborea and L. microphylla are efficient in the control of S. frugiperda, but are not selective to the predator E. Annulipes.

Rare lysosomal disease registries: lessons learned over three decades of real-world evidence.

Lysosomal storage disorders (LSD) are rare diseases, caused by inherited deficiencies of lysosomal enzymes/transporters, that affect 1 in 7000 to 1 in 8000 newborns. Individuals with LSDs face long diagnostic journeys during which debilitating and life-threatening events can occur. Clinical trials and classical descriptions of LSDs typically focus on common manifestations, which are not representative of the vast phenotypic heterogeneity encountered in real-world experience. Additionally, recognizing that there was a limited understanding of the natural history, disease progression, and real-world clinical outcomes of rare LSDs, a collaborative partnership was pioneered 30 years ago to address these gaps. The Rare Disease Registries (RDR) (for Gaucher, Fabry, Mucopolysaccharidosis type I, and Pompe), represent the largest observational database for these LSDs. Over the past thirty years, data from the RDRs have helped to inform scientific understanding and the development of comprehensive monitoring and treatment guidelines by creating a framework for data collection and establishing a standard of care, with an overarching goal to improve the quality of life of affected patients. Here, we highlight the history, process, and impact of the RDRs, and discuss the lessons learned and future directions.

Endemic goitre in Guinea-Bissau.

A survey was performed of endemic goitre in the Oio, Gabu, and Cacheu regions of Guinea-Bissau. Among adult women, the following prevalences of goitre were observed: 53% (Oio), 48% (Gabu), and 27% (Cacheu). For goitres of grades 2 and 3 only, the prevalences were 20% (Oio), 13% (Gabu), and 2% (Cacheu). No cretinism or cases of thyroid dysfunction were found. The mean urinary iodine excretions in Oio, Gabu, and Cacheu were 17 micrograms/g, 24 micrograms/g and 33 micrograms/g creatinine, respectively.