STUDY OF THE BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS CONTENT IN THE FLOWERS OF POLIANTHES TUBEROSA L. INTRODUCED BY GREEN TECHNOLOGIES.

The content of bioactive compounds of perennial, fragrant species of tuberose or Polianthes tuberosa L. representing the genus Polianthes L., asparagus (Asparagaceae Juss) family, highly decorative and widely accepted in the perfumery industry and extremely sensitive to environmental conditions, native to Mexico, was studied based on of raw materials of the flowers of the said plant introduced to five different locations of the BBG with various exposition and soil content by green technologies. Based on the analysis of the soil obtained from all five locations, we can conclude, that the growth and development of the plant along with the quality and amount of received raw materials significantly depend on the rate of soil acidity, humus, and the content of basic feeders. Good results were revealed in the conditions of the experimental plot of fragrant plants with well enough warmth, sunlight, and humidity. Applying 100% natural bio preparation GeoHumate had a positive influence on the plants on the experimental plot in terms of the growth and development of the plant and accumulation of bioactive compounds. After doing GC-MS researches of tuberose, Polianthes tuberosa L., flowers introduced by green technologies in five different locations of the BBG with various exposition and soil content, there were identified important compounds valuable for cosmetics, perfumery, medicine, and of different fields.

FORMULATION THERMORESPONSIVE NANOCOMPOSITE HYDROGELWITH EMBEDDED PLGA NANOPARTICLES CONTAINING CYTOTOXIC AGENT.

The aim of the study was to develop and characterize the nanocomposite in-situ hydrogel as local drug delivery system of cytotoxic agent. In-situ hydrogel consisting of 15% thermosensitive (Poloxamer 407) and 1% mucoadhesive (sodium alginate) polymers was selected as the optimal formulation by the conducted studies. The influence of nanoparticle concentration on gelation time and temperature has been experimentally established. As a result, the optimum concentration of nanoparticles (5%) is selected, which does not alter the gel forming process. The resulting nanocomposite hydrogel was characterized through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), rotational viscometer (LVDV-1T). FT-IR spectra confirmed the PLGA nanoparticles presence within the hydrogel matrix through the absorption peak located at 1750 cm-1. SEM images allowed observing the nanoparticles to be homogenously dispersed. The release pattern of the active substance from the nanocomposite hydrogel is following: at 72 h, 64% and 78% of the active substance were released into the phosphate buffer and cell culture area, respectively. Irritation test on hen's egg model revealed that formulated nanocomposite hydrogel did not show damage of vascular system.

BIOPHARMACEUTICAL UNDERSTANDING OF FORMULATION PREPARATION VARIABILITY OF PLGA NANOPARTICLES LOADED WITH ERYSIMUM EXTRACT.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate effect of process and formulation variables on the preparation of Erysimum extract loaded PLGA nanoparticles. The influence of the various biopharmaceutical factors such as type of organic solvent, type and concentration of surfactant, polymer concentration in the organic phase, ratio of organic phase and water phase were studied. Modified emulsification solvent evaporation method was used for preparation of nanoparticles. Based on the performed experiments optimal formulation of nanocomposite is suggested. Nanoparticle size, size distribution and entrapment efficiency were determined. Among five non-ionic surfactants polyvinyl alcohol provided more stable nanocomposite. Influence mechanisms of different surfactants on nanoparticle formation are provided. Water miscible organic solvent, acetone obtained 232 nm nanoparticles with improved size distribution. Entrapment efficiency was increased to 73% by reducing ratio of organic and water phases. Based on experiments nanoparticles with stable, reproducible properties are fabricated.

; INTRODUCTION OF AROMATIC PLANTS IN THE BATUMI BOTANICAL GARDEN AND THEIR RESEARCH FOR THE CONTENT OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE COMPOUNDS.

The research objectives were to study the introduction process of different aromatic and spice plants in the Batumi Botanical Garden and the content of bioactive compounds in aromatic plants introduced and grown in the soil and climatic conditions of the garden.; Among the aromatic plants introduced to the BBG by the authors, the following species are having full vegetative and generative development in the open ground:Cuminum cyminum L.; Polianthes tuberosa L.; Iris pallida Lam.;Geranium macrorrhizum L., Piper suaveolens Ham., Piper piperita L., Thymus citriodorus Schreb., Satureja Montana L., Mentha piperita L., Origanum vulgare L., Mentha longifolia L., Hyssopus officinalis L.; Phyla scaberrima Moldenke, Ruta graveolens L.; Vegetative organs reach the full development, but without blooming:Curcuma longa L..; Zingiber officinale Roscoe.; Elettaria cardamomum Maton.; Coffea arabica L.; Coffea conephera L..; Vanilla planifolia Jacks.; Cassia acutifolia Delile.; For the purpose of studying the content of bioactive compounds in plants introduced to the soil and climatic conditions of the BBG with the help of green technologies, the following species were taken for analysis:Cassia acutifolia Delile. - seed, flower, leaf; Cuminum cyminum L. - seed; Coffea conefera L. andCoffea Arabica L., leaves and seeds; Vanilla planifolia Jacks. - leaves; Elletaria cardamomum Maton. -Cardamom leaves.With the help of gas chromatography - mass spectrometry GC-MS method, there were identified bioactive compounds of various classes. The content of essential oils is identified in all research objects.

FORMULATION OF BIODEGRADABLE POLYMERIC NANOPARTICLES CONTAINING CYTOTOXIC SUBSTANCE OF PLANT ORIGIN.

Formulation of novel drug delivery system is one of the approaches for improvement of pharmacological activity of drugs. This implies encapsulation of the API into the biocompatible polymeric material. Objective of the research was formulation of biodegradable amino acid based polyesteramide nanoparticles composing cytotoxic substance of plant origin. Research materials and methods: biodegradable polyesteramide (PEA), alkaloids from Vinca Minor, surfactants (Tween 80, polyvinyl pirolidone, polyvinyl alcohol, Poloxamer 188). NPs size (mean particle diameter) and size distribution (polydispersity index, PDI), and zeta-potential (ZP) were measured by dynamic light scattering (DLS) using a Zetasizer Nano ZS (Malvern Instruments, U.K.) at 25°C, UV spectrophotometer was used for %EE study. Amino acid based PEA particles were fabricated by the modified emulsification method. Based on the studies optimal composition and fabrication condition of PEA NPs was determined. The conditions of the NPs fabrication were as follows: the O/W ratio: 1:10; the solvent: DMSO; polymer concentration in the organic phase: 50.0 mg/mL; surfactants (PVA) concentration in aqueous phase 0.5%,the stirring rate: 1000 rpm. The influence of the various factors such as organic solvents, surfactants, as well as a polymer concentration in the organic phase,surfactant concentration in the aqueous phase,the organic/water phase ratio on the NPs fabrication was studied.The NPs were characterized by size (mean particle diameter & size distribution (polydispersity index, PDI), and zeta-potential (ZP). Increase concentration of the surfactant (polyvinyl alcohol) from 0.1% to 0.5% decrease average particle size from 568±63 to 169±1.66 respectively. EE% was obtained to be around 50%.

STUDY OF PHYSICAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL FEATURES AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF CLAYS PREVALENT IN ADJARA REGION.

The Region of Adjara is one of the most interesting region by existence of mineral resources, which is not only untapped also not studied. At this stage of study, our purpose was: to research physical features and a chemical composition of biologically active substances in the clays spread in Adjara. In particular, we determined the fractional content and particle size of samples, density, humidity, fluidity, Petrographic studies and X-ray diffraction, also existence of amino and fatty acids. X-ray diffraction and petrographic studies were conducted on the base of Mining Geology Faculty of Georgian Technical University. There was used the polarization microscope Amscope PZ300T-5M and DRON-3. Determination of existence amino and fatty acids has been undertaken on the base of Tbilisi State Medical University, the method was chromatography on the thin layer. Consequently, from studying physical features we determined that mostly fractional content of our samples are from 0.5 to 1 mm. particle size. Humidity was 15%, according to density and fluidity our samples belong to middle heaviness 1100>p>600kg/m3 and high friable powders. As for X-ray diffraction and petrographic studies, there was discovered significant quantity of minerals: Ca-montmorillonite, Ca-Na feldspar, quartz, calcite, dolomite, gipsy and hematite. Based on the research there was not discovered amino and fatty acids in the clay samples.

EXTRACTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF HUMIC SUBSTANCES FROM SPHAGNUM PEAT PELOIDS.

The objective of the research was development extraction process of humic substances from sphagnum peat peloids, selection of extragent and characterization of humic substances. The objects of the research: Kolkheti peat peloids (Ispani, Anaklia, Churia, Chirukhi, Peranga) of different formation phases. Research was held using modern instrumental methods of analysis: UV spectrophotometer, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Centrifuge, Dry oven, Ultraturax. In the research extraction process of humic substances from sphagnum peat peloids was developed and composition of humic substances was studied, also E4/E6 humification coefficient was evaluated. Based on the results extraction conditions of humic substances from the peat peloids samples were determined: a) extragent with maximum yield - 1.0N NaOH; b) mixing type - KA-ULTRA TURAX-T18 - 20 000 rpm/min; c) Precipitant of humic substances -10% HCL. Composition of humic substances are studied in the samples and their relatively high content is determined in Anaklia and Churia sphagnum peat peloids. For characterization of humic substances E4/E6 humification coefficient was evaluated. Low ration of E4/E6 < 5 was established in anaklia, churia and ispani peat peloids. High ration of E4/E6 < 10 coefficient is determined in chirukhi and peranga peat peloids.

[STUDY OF CYTOTOXIC ACTIVITY OF METHANOL EXTRACTS OF THE ENDEMIC PLANT OF THE GENUS ERYSIMUM OF THE ADJARIAN FLORISTIC DISTRICT OF GEORGIA].

According to the results, investigated methanolic extracts of endemic plant from Adjarian floristic region of Georgia do not have specific cytotoxicity against the cell lines of breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 human, which is typical, e.g., for plant pigment curcumin. At the same time, the high specific cytotoxicity of 2 and 3 fractions towards keratinocytes gives reason for considering endemic plant extracts, of Adjarian floristic region of Georgia, as a potential pharmacological means for topical treatment of pathologies caused by increased proliferation of keratinocytes, such as psoriasis.

[COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ANTIBACTERIAL EFFECT OF PHYTOANTIBIOTICS AND ANTIBIOTICS].

The objective of this study was to determine the antibacterial activity of individual medicines and containing sum of the phyto-extracts against the bacteria causing nosocomial infections in compare to antibiotics. In the investigation were involved four strains of gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus and Acinetobacter spp. Each object was investigated on antibiotic resistance using Kirby-Bauer diffusion method on 22 types of antibiotics. The objects of the study were: Sanguinarine, Chelerythrine and Berberine hydrochloride (of lab quality); essential oils and aromatic waters of Eucalyptus, Salvia and Lavanda. For determination their antibacterial activity was used Raits serological dilution method with adaptation. The results show that the antibiotic resistant bacteria did not rise in non-diluted and 1:1 diluted test-tubes. In 1:5 diluted test-tubes was observed a little turbidity and growth, as for in other test-tubes - intensive growth. The investigated phyto-medicines show the higher antibacterial activity than the antibiotics.

[Analysis of some species of magnolia introduced to west georgia, on content of aporphine alkaloids and their biological activity].

The goal of research was study of vegetative organs of Magnolia species introduced to west Georgia on qualitative and quantitative content of aporphine alkaloids and evaluate cytotoxic activity of total alkaloids from M. officinalis and M. glauca against A-549, DLD-1 and WS-1. Qualitative and quantitative content of aporphine alkaloids in different vegetative organs were determined by chromatographic methods. Based on the researches alkaloids - liriodenine and lanuginozine are characteristic for leaves, for bark of branches - liriodenine, d-caaverine; for bark of trunk - a liriodenine, a caaverine and a magnoflorine. Liriodenine may be considered as is chemotaxonomic sign of genus Magnolia, as it was found in all analyzed vegetative organs. In vitro cytotoxic activity of total alkaloids of M. officinalis and M. glauca has been investigated against DLD-1, WS-1 and A-549. Total alkaloids of M. glauca expressed significant cytotoxic activity against DLD-1 and WS-1, and medium cytotoxicity against A-549; M. officinalis exerted middle activity against A-549, DLD-1, WS-1.

Analysis of Perilla nankinensis decne essential oil using gas chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry.

Perilla is the genus of herbaceous plants of Lamiaceae family. The essential oil of Perilla is believed to be essential part of the herb. It was claimed to have anti-inflammatory, anti-hyperlipidemia, antioxidative and antimicrobial activities. Apart from pharmaceutical and nutrition purposes, It is an edible plant frequently used as a fresh vegetable. It was also applied to produce perfume and cosmetics. Due to the importance of the essential oil from the P. nanakinensis and the lack of detailed studies of them, our work aimed investigation of contents of essential compositions by GC- TOF/MS method. The materials of the study were the aerial parts of P. nankinesis collected at full flowering stage, Guria Region, Georgia. A qualitative analysis of the individual compounds in P. nankinensis essential oil performed by gas chromatography (GC) coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometer (TOF/MS) for the identification of the resolved peaks. 28 components, which accounted for 77,7% of the oil, were identified. The main components of this essential oil were 1,3,6,10-Dodecatetraene, 3,7,11-trimethyl-, (Z,E)- (α-Farnesene) (34.3%), Caryophyllene oxide (10.2%), 1,6-Octadien-3-ol, 3,7-dimethyl- (linalool) (10.2%). Essential oil also contained humulene (3.9%),caryophyllene (1.9%), methyl salicilate (1.15%), 2-hexanoylfuran (1.0%), gernacrene (1.1%). Based on the results of our experimental data and literature reviews, Perilla essential oil can represent special interest and can be used as an important natural substance for obtaining medicinal and preventive products with the several biological activities.

[Perilla nankinensis Decne by using melt granulation method].

The aim of the research was to work out the technology and tablet composition from the overground parts of the Perilla nankinensis Decne on the base of complex research. The dry extract was prepared from dried overground parts of perilla introduced in Georgia. The structural-mechanical and technological character of tablets and their masses were identified by the known methodic. Friability was studied by defining the fluctuation and bending corner. Volume density was established by using vibration cylinder. Volume density of powders was studied by pyknometers. Porosity was calculated by the bearing of volume density of the masses. The size of pressing was established by defining the firmness of tablets. The granule composition was defined by analysis. Disintegration and dissolution were studied by using "rotating basket" and "basket-rack assembly". From the result we got it was clear that the dry extract for research don't have good fluctuation and pressing. It should be mentioned that it contained moisture and is hygroscopic. As the character of substances is not satisfied it was necessary to select new assisting substances and studying and using additional technological method. We have selected some more additional substances for optimal firmness and for the purpose of shortening the time of tablet dissolution. There were also selected parameters of optimal pressing force. Assisting substances are practically selected and theoretically accepted on the base of studying technological and physical-chemical character features of the substances of the dry extract from the over ground parts of Perilla nankinensis Decne. As a result optimal composition of tablets is delivered. It is also scientifically proved and practically offered optimal technological parameters of tablets forming melt granulation method.

[The study of mineral composition of peloids spread in Kobuleti region].

UNLABELLED: Therapeutic muds or so called peloids belong to useful minerals. They contain therapeutic active substances (micro and macro elements, vitamins, bio stimulators etc.), animated bodies and they show expressed therapeutic effectiveness. At the first stage of the research the authors study the areas where peloids are spread and define their location in Ajara region. Therefore, the map is designed. The aim of the research at this stage is to define the composition of micro and macro elements in peloids spread in Kobuleti region. Research objects: therapeutic muds (peloids) discovered in Kobuleti region, particularly, in villages Kvirike and Chakhati. RESEARCH METHODS: the up-to-date physical-chemical analysis method using EDXRF spectrophotometer and program Epsilon 5 EDXRF was employed in order to define mineral composition in the found samples. On the basis of the exploration, it is ascertained that peloids gathered in Kobuleti region contain essence micro and macro elements as well as toxical elements in small quantities. The following potentially toxical elements as germanium, lithium, thallium, wolfram and tin do not manifest themselves in the raw materials. Based on the study of mineral composition in the muds taken for analysis, we can infer that their further study in different diseases is expedient. For instance, it shall be worthwhile in the cases of diverse cardiovascular system diseases (potassium, magnesium), for complex treatment and prophylaxis in the cases of joints diseases such as osteoporosis, rheumatism (calcium) and also for the correction of those pathologies that are caused by the lack of above mentioned elements in an organism. The high consistence of silicium and existence of sulphur in both peloids cause their further study for using in cosmetic practice.

[Study on the separation process of pharmacological active total alkaloids from Chelidonium majus L. growing in Georgia].

In present article was studied the separation process of pharmacological active total alkaloids from Chelidonium majus L. growing in Georgia. Alkaloids were extracted from medicinal herbal material and separated by liquid extraction, diluents gas and a microfiltration through membrane equipment. The obtained A1, A2, A3 fractions were analyzed by GC/MS method; in all cases separation proceeds by the principle of extraction of the target alkaloids. It was concluded that the A1 is enriched with α and ß cryptopins, and protopin, but homochelidonine and chelidonine are in low contents. As accompanying alkaloid is identified dihydrosanguinarine as an artifact; the A2 is enriched with the maximum contents of stylopine and protopin, but the poor contents of chelidonine and homochelidonine; the A3 is enriched with α and ß cryptopins and maximum content of chelidonine. Extraction of alkaloids from Chelidonium majus L. proceeds selectively, but depending on a way of separation of the total alkaloids allows varying qualitative and quantitative consistence of the final product.

Development of solid, dosage forms of medicinal drugs from indoline group alkaloids.

According to biopharmaceutical investigations, the regimen of the tablets of alkaloid containing new galenic preparation of indoline and indole group - Vinkabral, Vingerbin has been developed. Also, the preparation technology was worked out and it has been defined that optimal method of tabletting new galenic formulations, such as Vincabral and Vingerbin is direct pressing by using polifunctional additional formulations - Proslov SMCC (siliced methylceluslose) and Glikonat Sodium of Starch. Their influence on the technological characteristics are studied, so as the proportion of additional compounds are defined. The influence of technological parameters on technological characteristics of the tablets Vinkabral, Vingerbin were investigated and optimal conditions were selected: optimal humidity was 1.5-3.0%, Optimal compression power-105-120 mpa. The kinetics of the release of active substance - alkaloids from the tablets of Vinkabral and Vingerbin was studied using the methods of "rotary basket" in sour, neutral and alkaline area during the mix time 50 rt/min and 100 rt/min. The 90% of active substance releases in sour area during 75 minutes in 100 rt/min mix up condition.

[Extraction of pharmacologically active alkaloids from Vinca species].

From the Genius Vinca the drugs have been received, arbitrally named: Vingerbin- with anthyarithmic activity, Vincabral-for improvement of brain blood circulation and leicobetin-as stimulator of leicopoesis. The investigations has been performed for creation of rational, resource saving, rentable phyto technologies. As a result, the liquid extraction general schema is provided for receipt of indolic alkaloids from plants V. herbaceae and V.minor. Analyses have shown that extraction with diluent gaz gives the possibility to receive the sums rich with alkaloids:Vingerbin and Vincabral. The advantage of extraction with diluent gaz is exclusion of high volumes of organic and non organic chemicals on the stage of extraction from raw material and liquid extraction, and remain and lipofil fraction converse to new phytosubtances for receipt of biologically active flavonoids, amino acids etc.

[Technology of production and biological activity of toothpaste from Rubus idaeus].

Composition and the technology of manufacturing of toothpaste from extract of blackberry with anti-inflammatory activity have been developed. Toothpaste contains the following ingredients (g): Blackberry extract - 3.0 5.0 7.0 Aluminum hydroxide - 30,0 Glycerin - 10,0 Sodim carboxymethylcellulose - 1,5 Sodium laurilsulfate - 2,0 Calcium glycerophosphate - 1,5 Sodium monofluorophosphate - 1.0 Titanium dioxide - 1,0 Perfume - 1,0 Sorbit - 1,0 Purified water to 100 ml. Toothpaste containing 3%, 5% and 7% of blackberry extract possesses higher antioedemic activity and has mild influence on alteration and proliferation processes. This allows us to recommend researched toothpaste for application.

[Creation of phytovaleologic drugs].

This is a new field of knowledge in medical sciences that means "Healthy Way of Life". Based on the data of medical plants and on the results of Phytochemical and Pharmacological studies, carried out in preliminary experiments, there are cultivated compositions of Valeological substances, potentially having radio protective activity. As the basis for the selection of raw materials and their correlation in mixture, there were taken the data of spontaneous analysis of chemical composition having pharmacological (radio protective) activity of various compositions. As the result, the types of studied raw materials and their parties by weight in total mixture have been defined: Valeological substances 1: 1. Tea (leaves); 2. Common plantain (leaves); 3. Horse gowan (flowers); 4. Blackberry (leaves) 5. Hips; 6. Peppermint (leaves). Valeological substances 2: 1. Tea (leaves); 2. Dandelion (leaves); 3. Horse gowan (flowers); 4. Knotgrass (herbage); 5. Hips; 6. Peppermint (leaves) Experimental studies revealed that the most optimal way of brewing tea is rational method. Valeological substances 1 and 2 (tea with radio protective activity) "Protector" and "Adjara" - correspondingly. Technical conditions and technological instructions for radio protective tea "Protector" and "Adjara" are created. Pharmacological studies of tea "Protector" and "Adjara" have taken place in the Branch of Biological University of Buryatia (Academy of Science of Russian Federation) under the supervision of Prof. S. M. Nikolaev. Radio protective teas "Protector" and "Adjara" is approved by the Ministry of Health Sciences.

[Radio protective drug production from fresh leaves of Aloe arborescens Mill].

Nowadays, phytogenous drugs are wildly used as radio protective substances. The aim of the research was to study radio protective characteristics of aloe juice fraction and to develop new technology for radio protective drug production. Technological scheme for getting the drug in two stages. The first stage - extraction of juice from fresh leaves; the second stage - extracting bagasse have been developed and optimal environment for bagasse extraction are defined: Infusion of bagasse with 96 % ethyl spirit (1:1) during 30 minutes, continuation of extracting with water on correlation to raw materials 10:1 at temperature of 70 degrees C during 30 minutes. For the basis of the first series of balanced loading there are taken the optimal parameters of extracting process, on the basis of which in its turn was developed technological scheme of getting dry extract of aloe. Dry extract is a fine-dispersed reddish-yellow (brownish-yellow) powder, which can be easily dissolved in warm (40-60 degrees C) water. Pharmacological researches were conducted in the Institute of General and Experimental Biology, Siberian Branch, Russian. Academy of Sciences. The remarkable radio protective effect of the drug was revealed.

[Technology of vitamins containing double layer suppositories].

At present ascorbic acid and cyanocobalamin are widely used in medical practice. Often they are administered simultaneously; chemically they are incompatible, as ascorbic acid (redox compound) inactivates cyanocobalamin. The combination of ascorbic acid and cyanocobalamin is the problem of pharmacy. To solve the problem double-layer suppositories containing two incompatible vitamins: ascorbic acid and cyanocobalamin were developed. Pharmaceutical bioavailability of ascorbic acid and cyanocobalamin has been studied using in-vitro methods to develop optimal base for suppositories. As a result of investigations optimal composition and technology of the double-layer suppositories containing ascorbic acid and cyanocobalamin which met requirements has been developed. Sequential release of active compounds and as a result - sequential pharmacologic action is achieved.