ABSTRACT
Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 4A1 has been characterized as the most efficient arachidonic acid omega-hydroxylase catalyzing the formation of 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE), a potent constrictor of the renal and cerebral microcirculation and a mitogen for smooth muscle cells. We constructed adenoviruses expressing the CYP4A1 cDNA or LacZ under the control of the smooth muscle cell-specific promoter SM22alpha (Ad-SM22-4A1 and Ad-SM22-nLacZ, respectively). Beta-galactosidase expression was detected in Ad-SM22-nLacZ-transduced vascular smooth muscle A7r5 and PAC1 cells, but not in Ad-SM22-nLacZ-transduced 3T3 fibroblasts or vascular endothelial cells. Likewise, CYP4A1 mRNA and protein were detected in Ad-SM22-4A1-transduced A7r5 and PAC1 cells. Ad-SM22-4A1-transduced A7r5 cells metabolized lauric acid to 12-hydroxy-lauric acid at a rate 5 times greater than that of cells transduced with Ad-SM22-nLacZ (4.79+/-1.77 versus 0.97+/-0.57 nmol 12-hydroxy lauric acid/10(6) cells per h). Smooth muscle-specific LacZ expression was also detected in microdissected renal interlobar arteries transduced with Ad-SM22-nLacZ. Arteries transduced with Ad-SM22-4A1 produced higher levels of 20-HETE (4.04+/-0.29 and 13.43+/-2.84 ng/mg protein in Ad-SM22-nLacZ-transduced and Ad-SM22-4A1-transduced arteries, respectively) and demonstrated a marked angiogenic activity measured as the total length of sprouting neovessels (12.63+/-3.66 mm in Ad-SM22-4A1-transduced vessels versus 1.79+/-0.89 mm in Ad-SM22-nLacZ-transduced vessels). This angiogenic activity represented endothelial cell sprouting and was fully blocked by treatment with HET0016, a selective inhibitor of CYP4A-catalyzed reactions. The inhibitory effect of HET0016 was reversed by addition of a 20-HETE agonist. We conclude that Ad-SM22-4A1 drives a smooth muscle-specific functional expression of CYP4A1 and demonstrates increased angiogenesis, presumably via increased production of 20-HETE.
Subject(s)
Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/physiology , Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/cytology , 3T3 Cells , Adenoviridae/genetics , Amidines/pharmacology , Animals , Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/genetics , Cytochrome P450 Family 4 , Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology , Genetic Vectors/genetics , Humans , Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acids/physiology , Lauric Acids/metabolism , Male , Mice , Microfilament Proteins/genetics , Muscle Proteins/genetics , Neovascularization, Physiologic/drug effects , Neovascularization, Physiologic/physiology , Organ Specificity , Promoter Regions, Genetic/genetics , Rats , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Renal Artery/cytology , Renal Artery/metabolism , Transduction, Genetic , Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/pharmacologyABSTRACT
Eight members of a recently identified family of tetrahydrofuran-diols (THFDs), originating from epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs), were prepared stereospecifically from D-(+)-glucose. The THFDs potently induced relaxation of pre-contracted bovine arteries.