[Metoclopramide as a risk factor for postprandial hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes]. / Metoclopramida, factor de riesgo para hiperglucemia postprandial en diabetes tipo 2.

UNLABELLED: Diabetes mellitus is a pathology that has widely spread througout the world in the past decades. Postprandial hyperglycemia plays an important role in the progress of the disease due to the fact that increases the risk for cardiovascular events. This study's aim was to determine if the use of intravenous metoclopramide in patients with Diabetes Mellitus increases the postprandial glycemia. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cohort of patients hospitalized with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Patients were classified as exposed (metoclopramide 10 mg IV) and not exposed, and glycemia preprandial and postprandial at 30, 60 and 120 minutes was measured. RESULTS: There were 80 patients in each group, and in both groups the general characteristics were homogeneous. The postprandial glycemia in the exposed group was higher at 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes, being only statistically significant at 120 minutes postprandial (p = < 0,001). CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, the use of intravenous metoclopramide is a risk factor to develop postprandial hyperglycemia in diabetic patients.

[Weight estimation in Mexican elderly outpatients from antropometric measures from the SABE Study]. / Estimación del peso en adultos mayores a partir de medidas antropométricas del Estudio SABE.

INTRODUCTION: The weight is an anthropometric parameter routinely used in ambulatory and hospital settings, and takes its importance, because often there are clinical conditions that impede it´s taking in a traditional scale. There are equations to estimate weight. However, they have not been designed for Mexican ambulatory patients. OBJECTIVE: To develop an equation to estimate weight in Mexican ambulatory patients from the Study of Health, Well Being and Aging, corresponding to Mexico city an surrounded area. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The database of the Study of Health, Well Being and Aging of Mexico City was used, and adults of 60 years and older, who completed the anthropometric measures were included. Two groups of datasets were crated though random numbers, one for the design and the other for the validation of the equation. The equation was obtained from the first database and cross-validated in the second. RESULTS: The equations obtained were: (0.67)* (Knee height)+(0.46)* (Mid-arm circumference)+(0.60)* (waist circumference)+(0.38)* (hip circumference)+(0.53)* (calf circumference)-(0.17)* (Age in years)-80.01 and (0.69)* (Knee height)+(0.61)* (Mid-arm circumference)+(0.17)* (waist circumference)+(0.45)* (hip circumference)+(0.58)* (calf circumference)-(0.24)* (Age in years)-55.9 in men and women respectively. The correlation coefficients were 0.94 y 0.92 (p<0.001 for both). The differences between the real and estimated values were not significant. CONCLUSION: The equations developed in our analysis were confident and can be employed to estimate weight in ambulatory elderly. It is needed to test its validity in clinical scenarios were it is not possible to weight patients directly in the rest of the Mexican republic and adjust to specific populations.

[Risk factors for abnormal liver function tests of parenteral nutrition in a referral hospital in Mexico]. / Factores de riesgo para las anormalidades de enzimas hepáticas de la nutrición parenteral en un hospital de referencia de México.

INTRODUCTION: the abnormalities in liver function tests (LFTs) and liver complications (LC) from parenteral nutrition (PN) are common and usually multifactorial. These factors have not yet been assessed in the adult Mexican population. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the dose prescribed > 1 g/kg is a risk factor for the abnormalities in liver function tests (LFTs) from PN. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Cohort study including patients older than 15 years and excluding those managed at the intensive car unit or with abnormalities in liver enzymes before the start of PN. The exposed and non-exposed groups were those receiving > 1 g of lipids per kg of body weight or < 1 g/kg, respectively. LFTs were defined as an increase higher than 50% of the normal range for AST, ALT, AF or total bilirrubin. RESULTS: the incidence of LFTs abnormalities was 20 (47.6%) and 15 (41.6%) in the exposed and non-exposed groups, respectively (RR 1.14 95% IC: 0.69-1.88; p = 0.59). The most frequent liver damage pattern was cholestatic, followed by the mixed pattern and then hepatocellular. The dose of prescribed lipids > 1 g/kg was not associated with the development of LC from LFTs abnormalities. The higher the dose of proteins the lower the frequency of LFTs abnormalities. CONCLUSION: The dose of lipids prescribed >1 g/kg was not associated with the development of LFTs abnormalities from PN in our sample population. These findings should be confirmed in clinical trials.