Effects of mindfulness-based interventions on reducing psychological distress among nurses: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

PURPOSE: Nurses increasingly use mindfulness as an effective mental health intervention to reduce psychological distress. The effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions remains inconclusive, which may lead to implementation of interventions in an inefficient or ineffective manner. This study aimed to examine the effects of mindfulness-based interventions on reducing stress, anxiety, and depression among nurses. DESIGN: Systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were searched using six databases published through May 20, 2023, which evaluated the effects of mindfulness-based interventions on reducing psychological distress among nurses. To assess the quality of methodology included in the RCTs, version 2 of the Cochrane risk-of-bias instrument for RCTs with five domains was used. Standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using the random-effects model in the meta-analyses. Publication bias was assessed using Egger's regression test. Further, the robustness effect size of the pooled analysis was assessed using leave-one-out sensitivity analysis. FINDINGS: A total of 16 RCTs were included in the final analysis. Overall, the modalities appeared to alleviate stress (pooled SMD: -0.50 [95% CI: -0.82 to -0.18]; p < 0.001) and depression (pooled SMD: -0.42 [95% CI: -0.78 to -0.06]; p = 0.02) among nurses. CONCLUSION: Mindfulness-based interventions appear to alleviate stress and depression in nurses. Future research evaluating mindfulness-based interventions among working nurses with more rigorous methodological and larger sample size. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Support for nurses' mental health must be included while implementing personal and professional development plans.

Effects of videoconferencing intervention on stroke survivors: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled studies.

BACKGROUND: Videoconferencing has been proposed as an innovative telerehabilitation approach for stroke survivors, demand for which is growing. AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of a videoconferencing intervention for stroke survivors. DESIGN: Systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review of the literature in the databases Academic Search Complete, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PubMed, Ovid (and its companion UpToDate), and Web of Science published from January 1, 2002, to May 27, 2021. The methodologic quality of the included studies was evaluated using version 2 of the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. A meta-analysis using a random-effects model calculated the pooled standardised mean difference (SMD) for using a videoconferencing intervention with stroke survivors and for the ability of survivors to perform activities of daily living (ADLs) and to maintain balance. The Stata software application (version 16.0: StataCorp LP) was used for the statistical analysis. RESULTS: Nine studies with 603 participants were included in the analysis. Videoconferencing interventions were observed to be effective in improving the ability of stroke survivors to carry out their ADLs (SMD: 0.57; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.13 to 1.01) and to recover their balance (SMD: 1.96; 95% CI: 1.27 to 2.66). CONCLUSIONS: Stroke survivors were able effectively to improve their ADL and balancing abilities. Further studies could consider the frequency, duration, and standard protocol for videoconferencing interventions. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: This study could change the approach to patient support in future clinical practice and might constitute an alternative for improving care for stroke survivors in their homes or in long-term care facilities.

Effects of resistance bands exercise for frail older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled studies.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: Research examining the effectiveness of resistance band exercises for improving physical and psychological dimensions among frail older adults has been inconsistent. We aimed to examine the effects of resistance band exercises for improving outcomes in frail older adults. BACKGROUND: To provide robust evidence regarding the effectiveness of resistance band exercises and explore other potential outcomes in frail older adults, a systematic review of RCTs remains necessary. DESIGN: Systematic literature review and meta-analysis were conducted in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. METHODS: Four databases were searched. English language papers were retrieved from 2006 to 2020. Three reviewers reviewed the methodology of the selected studies using the Joanna Briggs Institute tool for randomised controlled trials. The pooled standardised mean difference was calculated using a random-effects model. Heterogeneity among pooled studies was assessed using the τ2 , Q and I2 statistics, and publication bias was evaluated using Egger's test and the visual inspection of funnel plots. RESULTS: A total of 15 studies met the eligibility criteria for this study. Overall, resistance band exercise reduced frailty after 24 weeks (SMD: -0.29; 95% CI: -0.55 to -0.03) and reduced depression after both 12 weeks (SMD: -0.19; 95% CI: -0.38 to -0.01) and 24 weeks (SMD: -0.30; 95% CI: -0.52 to -0.09). However, no significant effects were observed for frailty after 12 weeks, and no significant effects were observed for grip strength, leg strength, activities of daily living or quality of life at any time. CONCLUSION: Resistance band exercise might be considered a viable strategy for frail older adults in the community or in long-term care facilities. More research implementing a standardised protocol remains necessary to identify the effects of different training volumes and the dose-response relationship for the very old and frail population. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: As a safe complementary intervention for frail older adults, health providers should consider resistance band exercises when caring for frail older adults because this intervention has clinical benefits.

Outcomes of nurse-led telecoaching intervention for patients with heart failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

BACKGROUND: Studies have identified that nurse-led telephone health coaching benefited the continuity of care in patients with heart failure. However, the effect of nurse-led telephone health coaching remains inconclusive among the previous studies. AIM: This review aimed to determine the effects of nurse-led telecoaching among patients with heart failure. DESIGN: This study was a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. This study was reported in accordance with the PRISMA guideline. METHODS: Seven databases (PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, MEDLINE, Cochrane library and Ovid) were electronically searched up to 20 October 2020. The eligibility criteria were a randomised controlled trial study on heart failure patients, with the intervention led by a nurse through telephone coaching. Two authors independently evaluated the methodological quality using the modified Jadad scale. The Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software version 3.0 with a random effect model was used to conduct a meta-analysis, and Begg's and Egger's tests were performed to assess publication bias. Furthermore, sensitivity analysis was carried out. RESULTS: A total of 12 randomised controlled trials were met eligibility criteria and representing 1938 heart failure patients. The results showed that the nurse-led telecoaching significantly enhanced patients' self-care behaviour (SMD = .84, 95%CI [0.45-1.24], p < .001) and improved quality of life (SMD = .23, 95%CI [0.06-0.39], p = .007). CONCLUSION: Nurse-led telecoaching appears to enhance self-care behaviour and improve quality of life in patients with heart failure. Further research needs to build the evidence for nurse-led telecoaching intervention, including understanding its mechanisms of action (e.g. frequency, components) and identifying its moderating factors. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: Implementation of nurse-led telecoaching is deemed helpful in promoting continuity of care because it was an accessible and sustainable intervention to improve patients' self-care and quality of life.