Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 8 de 8
Filter
1.
Bioorg Chem ; 144: 107096, 2024 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38290186

ABSTRACT

In the pursuit of discovering new selective carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) inhibitors, a small collection of novel thiosemicarbazides (5a-5t) were designed and synthesized starting from 2-(hydrazinocarbonyl)-3-phenyl-1H-indole-5-sulfonamide which was evaluated as a potent inhibitor of different CA isoforms in a previous study. The newly synthesized compounds were examined against four human carbonic anhydrases (hCA), namely transmembrane tumor-related hCA IX/XII and cytosolic widespread off-targets hCA I/II. In enzyme inhibition assays, all nineteen compounds display up to ∼340-fold selectivity for hCA IX/XII over off-target isoforms hCA I/II. Four compounds have enzyme inhibition values (Ki) lower than 10 nM against tumor-associated isoforms hCA IX/XII including two compounds in the subnanomolar range (5r and 5s; hCA XII; Ki: 0.69 and 0.87 nM). The potential binding interactions of the most potent compounds against hCA IX and XII, compounds 5s and 5r, respectively, were investigated using ensemble docking and molecular dynamics studies. Cell viability assays using human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line HT-29 and healthy skin fibroblasts CCD-86Sk show that compound 5e selectively inhibits HT-29 cancer cell proliferation (IC50: 53.32 ± 7.74 µM for HT-29; IC50: 74.64 ± 14.15 µM for CCD-986Sk). Finally, Western blot assays show that compounds 5e and 5r significantly reduce the expression of hCA XII in HT-29 cells. Moreover, 5e shows better cytotoxic activity in hypoxia compared to normoxic conditions. Altogether, the newly designed compounds show stronger inhibition of the tumor-associated hCA IX and XII isoforms and several tested compounds show selective cytotoxicity as well as downregulation of hCA XII expression.


Subject(s)
Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors , Neoplasms , Semicarbazides , Humans , Carbonic Anhydrase IX , Structure-Activity Relationship , Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors/pharmacology , Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors/chemistry , Sulfonamides/pharmacology , Sulfonamides/chemistry , Antigens, Neoplasm/metabolism , Carbonic Anhydrase I , Protein Isoforms/metabolism , Indoles/pharmacology , Molecular Structure
2.
Bioorg Chem ; 121: 105688, 2022 04.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35189443

ABSTRACT

A series of new spirothiazolidinone derivatives with a mandelic acid moiety were synthesized and subsequently tested in growth inhibition assays against Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain H37Rv. Compound 16 displayed the highest inhibition value of 98% at lower than 6.25 µg/mL concentration. A single crystal X-ray analysis was conducted on this compound to confirm the structure and determine its absolute configuration. Afterwards, reverse docking and molecular dynamics simulations of this specific stereoisomer were performed against a selection of 10 putative targets of M. tuberculosis to suggest possible mechanisms of action. Our results suggest HadAB, Pks13, DprE1, FadD32 and InhA as possible target proteins for the observed antimycobacterial activity of compound 16.


Subject(s)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis , Tuberculosis , Antitubercular Agents/chemistry , Antitubercular Agents/pharmacology , Bacterial Proteins/metabolism , Humans , Mandelic Acids , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Molecular Docking Simulation , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/metabolism , Structure-Activity Relationship
3.
Int J Mol Sci ; 21(9)2020 Apr 29.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32365482

ABSTRACT

Due to the increasing resistance of currently used antimicrobial drugs, there is an urgent problem for the treatment of cholera disease, selective inhibition of the α-class carbonic anhydrases (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) from the pathogenic bacterium Vibrio cholerae (VcCA) presents an alternative therapeutic target. In this study, a series of hydrazone derivatives, carrying the 2-(hydrazinocarbonyl)-3-phenyl-1H-indole-5-sulfonamide scaffold, have been evaluated as inhibitors of the VcCA with molecular modeling studies. The results suggest that these compounds may bind to the active site of VcCA. To verify this, VcCA enzyme inhibition studies were performed and as predicted most of the tested compounds displayed potent inhibitory activities against VcCA with three compounds showing KI values lower than 30 nM. In addition, all these compounds showed selectivity for VcCA and the off-targets hCA I and II.


Subject(s)
Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors/chemistry , Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors/pharmacology , Hydrazones/chemistry , Indoles/chemistry , Vibrio cholerae/enzymology , Amino Acid Sequence , Binding Sites , Enzyme Activation , Molecular Conformation , Molecular Docking Simulation , Molecular Dynamics Simulation , Molecular Structure , Protein Binding , Structure-Activity Relationship , Vibrio cholerae/drug effects
4.
Int J Mol Sci ; 21(8)2020 Apr 22.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32331447

ABSTRACT

In our efforts to find new and selective thiazolidinone-based anti-Candida agents, we synthesized and tested 26 thiazolidinones against several Candida spp. and Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The compounds showed selective antifungal activity with potency similar to fluconazole and clotrimazole, while lacking strong antibacterial activity. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics studies were performed on Candida CYP51a1 and carbonic anhydrase (CA) enzymes to further suggest putative targets that could mediate the antifungal effects of these compounds. Finally, the compounds were tested in enzyme inhibition assays to assess their putative mechanism of action and showed promising KI values in the 0.1-10 µM range against the Candida glabrata ß-CA enzyme CgNce103.


Subject(s)
Antifungal Agents/pharmacology , Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors/pharmacology , Drug Development , Antifungal Agents/chemistry , Binding Sites , Candida/drug effects , Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors/chemistry , Catalytic Domain , Humans , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Molecular Conformation , Molecular Docking Simulation , Molecular Dynamics Simulation , Molecular Structure , Protein Binding , Structure-Activity Relationship
5.
Int J Mol Sci ; 20(9)2019 May 12.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31083645

ABSTRACT

Novel sulfonamidoindole-based hydrazones with a 2-(hydrazinocarbonyl)-3-phenyl-1H-indole-5-sulfonamide scaffold were synthesized and tested in enzyme inhibition assays against the tumor-associated carbonic anhydrase isoforms, hCA IX and XII, and the off-targets, hCA I and II. The compounds showed selectivity against hCA IX and XII over hCA I and II. Six compounds showed KI values lower than 10 nM against hCA IX or XII. Molecular modeling studies were performed to suggest binding interactions between the ligand and the hCA active sites.


Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents/chemical synthesis , Carbonic Anhydrase IX/antagonists & inhibitors , Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors/chemical synthesis , Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology , Binding Sites , Carbonic Anhydrase IX/chemistry , Carbonic Anhydrase IX/metabolism , Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors/pharmacology , Humans , Hydrazones/chemistry , Indoles/chemistry , Molecular Docking Simulation , Protein Binding , Sulfonamides/chemistry
6.
Anticancer Agents Med Chem ; 24(9): 649-667, 2024.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38367264

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are widespread metalloenzymes with the core function of catalyzing the interconversion of CO2 and HCO3 -. Targeting these enzymes using selective inhibitors has emerged as a promising approach for the development of novel therapeutic agents against multiple diseases. METHODS: A series of novel thiosemicarbazone-containing derivatives were synthesized, characterized, and tested for their inhibitory activity against pharmaceutically important human CA I (hCA I), II (hCA II), IX (hCA IX), and XII (hCA XII) using the single tail approach. RESULTS: The compounds generally inhibited the isoenzymes at low nanomolar concentrations, with compound 6b having Ki values of 7.16, 0.31, 92.5, and 375 nM against hCA I, II, IX and XII, respectively. Compound 6e exhibited Ki values of 27.6, 0.34, 872, and 94.5 nM against hCA I, II, IX and XII, respectively. CONCLUSION: To rationalize the inhibition data, molecular docking studies were conducted, providing insight into the binding mechanisms, molecular interactions, and selectivity of the compounds towards the isoenzymes.


Subject(s)
Benzenesulfonamides , Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors , Carbonic Anhydrases , Sulfonamides , Thiosemicarbazones , Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors/pharmacology , Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors/chemical synthesis , Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors/chemistry , Humans , Sulfonamides/chemistry , Sulfonamides/pharmacology , Sulfonamides/chemical synthesis , Thiosemicarbazones/chemistry , Thiosemicarbazones/pharmacology , Thiosemicarbazones/chemical synthesis , Carbonic Anhydrases/metabolism , Structure-Activity Relationship , Molecular Structure , Molecular Docking Simulation , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
7.
Anticancer Agents Med Chem ; 22(14): 2637-2646, 2022.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35135455

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The positively charged membrane impermeant sulfonamides were evaluated as a remarkable class of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAIs) previously. Without affecting the human carbonic anhydrase (hCA), cytosolic isoforms hCA I and II, inhibition of two membrane-associated isoforms hCA IX and XII especially overexpressed in hypoxic tumour cells, makes the pyridinium salt derivatives potent promising therapeutic agents. OBJECTIVE: A novel series of tri, tetra, and cyclo-substituted pyridinium salt derivatives of the lead compound 2- (hydrazinocarbonyl)-3-phenyl-1H-indole-5-sulfonamide has been prepared by using sixteen different pyrylium salts, for the search of selective inhibitors of transmembrane tumour-associated human carbonic anhydrase hCA IX and XII. METHODS: Molecular modeling studies were carried out to understand and rationalize the in vitro enzyme inhibition data. RESULTS: Six of the new compounds showed good inhibitory profiles with low nanomolar range (< 100 nM) against hCA IX/XII, and compound 5 showed excellent potency with Ki values lower than 10 nM. In addition, molecular modelling studies have presented the possible binding modes of the ligands. CONCLUSION: Most of the compounds displayed potent inhibitory activity against the tumor-associated hCA IX and XII in the low nanomolar range and selectivity over the off-targeted isoforms hCA I and II. Due to their cationic structure and membrane-impermeant behavior, it is also expected to maximize the selectivity over cytosolic isoforms hCA I/II while inhibiting tumor overexpressed isoforms hCA XI/XII of new compounds in in vivo conditions.


Subject(s)
Carbonic Anhydrases , Neoplasms , Humans , Antigens, Neoplasm , Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors/chemistry , Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors/pharmacology , Carbonic Anhydrases/metabolism , Indoles/pharmacology , Molecular Structure , Protein Isoforms/metabolism , Structure-Activity Relationship , Sulfonamides/chemistry , Sulfonamides/pharmacology
8.
Future Med Chem ; 13(24): 2133-2151, 2021 12.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34755546

ABSTRACT

Background: 2-Indolinone-based hydrazinecarbothioamides carrying a 3-phenylsulfonamide moiety (7-9) were designed by replacement of donepezil's pharmacophore group indanone with a 2-indolinone ring. Method: Compounds 7-9 were synthesized by reaction of N-(3-sulfamoylphenyl)hydrazinecarbothioamide (6) with 1H-indolin-2,3-diones (1-3). Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) inhibitory effects of compounds 7-9 were assayed. Molecular modeling studies of 5-chloro-1,7-dimethyl-substituted compound 8e were carried out to determine the possible binding interactions at the active site of AChE. Results: Compound 8e showed the strongest inhibition against AChE (Ki = 0.52 ± 0.11 µM) as well as the highest selectivity (SI = 37.69). The selectivity for AChE over BuChE of compound 8e was approximately 17-times higher than donepezil and 26-times higher than galantamine. Conclusion: Further development of compounds 7-9 may present new promising agents for Alzheimer's treatment.


Subject(s)
Acetylcholinesterase/metabolism , Alzheimer Disease/drug therapy , Butyrylcholinesterase/metabolism , Cholinesterase Inhibitors/pharmacology , Hydrazines/pharmacology , Oxindoles/pharmacology , Thioamides/pharmacology , Alzheimer Disease/metabolism , Cholinesterase Inhibitors/chemical synthesis , Cholinesterase Inhibitors/chemistry , Humans , Hydrazines/chemical synthesis , Hydrazines/chemistry , Models, Molecular , Molecular Structure , Oxindoles/chemistry , Thioamides/chemical synthesis , Thioamides/chemistry
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL