[Description of cartilage tissue structure in solution by the mean field theory]. / Opisanie struktury khriashchevoi tkani v rastvore metodom srednego polia.

The connection between geometrical characteristics of the proteoglycan (its thickness Hp and the mean stretch of Rp) and the parameters of the initial chemical structure of proteoglycan molecule constituents are established. The calculations are carried out by a mean field method.

[Possibilities of using fungal polysaccharides as the stimulants of accumulation of antibody-producing cells]. / Vozmozhnosti ispol'zovaniia drozhzhevykh polisakharidov v kachestve stimuliatorov nakopleniia antiteloobrazuiushchikh kletok.

A study was made of the influence of yeast polysaccharides of definite structure and mol wt on the accumulation of anitbody forming cells (AFC) in the spleen of mice belonging to different strains. Yeast mannans Rh. rubra and Sp. species, and also glucan Aur. pullulans with all or chiefly beta-bonds between the monosaccharide units were capable of activating the cell antibody formation, this being expressed in increased AFC production in the animals with a high immune reaction to the administration of sheep red blood cells and in the intensification of the immune response in mice with a low reaction to the antigen administered. The activity of dextrans directly depended on their mol wt. Besides, there was revealed a different reaction to polysaccharides in the animals of different genotypes.

[The comparative characteristics of the effect of immunomodulators on the indices of body nonspecific protection and on the structure of the populations of the causative agents in mixed infections]. / Sravnitel'naia kharakteristika vliianiia nekotorykh immunomoduliatorov na pokazateli nespetsificheskoi zashchity organizma i strukturu populiatsii vozbuditelei pri smeshannykh infektsiiakh.

A sharp decrease in the characteristics of nonspecific protection and humoral immunity in mixed infections (Pseudomonas aeruginosa + fungi of the genus Candida) in cases of burn traumas was established. Under these conditions an increase (up to 100%) in the number clones with the signs of pathogenicity and multiple medicinal resistance in the populations of infective agents, accompanied by a high death rate among the animals (up to 60%), was observed in the dynamics of the infectious process. The use of immunomodulators (tactivin and sodium nucleinate + lidocaine) contributed to the restoration of the phagocytic function of peripheral blood lymphocytes and humoral immunity, as well as to a decrease in the death rate of the animals. At the same time a considerable decrease in the number of clones with the signs of pathogenicity was observed in the populations in infective agents, isolated from the animals in the process of treatment.

[Effect of surface-active agents on staphylococcal coagulase]. / Vliianie poverkhnostno-aktivnykh veshchestv na koagulazu stafilokokka.

The influence of catamine AB, sulfonol NP-3, sodium alkylsulfate homologues (C10-C16) and of syntanol DT-7 on the reaction of fibrin formation under the action of the partially purified coagulase was studied. Catamine and sulfonol inhibited the velocity of the reaction in the the concentrations over 0.002 and 0.01%, respectively. A reduction of the rate of reaction with catamine occurred chiefly as a result of the enzyme inactivation, whereas sulfonal influenced the intermediate products of the reaction. Inhibition of the rate of the reaction with the sodium alkylsulfate homologues was enhanced with the increase of the alkyl radical length and was the greatest for the tetradecyl sulfate sodium. Syntanol failed to influence the enzyme activity, but increased its amount in the staphylococcus culture on the medium with subbacteriostatic concentrations of sulfactants. Catamine, sulfonol and, to a lesser extent, syntanol retarded the coagulation process of human citrate plasma with pathogenic staphylococcus.

[Activity of exoglycans as sorbents of heavy metal ions]. / Sorbtsionnaia aktivnost' ékzoglikanov po otnosheniiu k ionam tiazhelykh metallov.

The ability of yeast exoglycans (from Cryptococcus laurentii, Cr. luteolus, and Sporobolomyces albo-rubescens) to absorb copper and lead ions has been studied. The sorption isotherms have been obtained, which indicates that the mechanism of interactions in the system polysaccharide-metal is complex. For the majority of the glycans, the absorption selectivity was considerably higher in the case of copper, as compared to lead. The observed discrepancy in the effects of pH and temperature on the absorption indicates that the bonds mediating ion absorption by glycans are of different nature. In conclusion, yeast exoglycans are efficient sorbents of copper and lead ions, and lutelan is the most active exoglycan in this respect.

[Effect of yeast polysaccharides on the functional activity of macrophages in white mice]. / Vliianie drozhzhevykh polisakharidov na funktsional'nuiu aktivnost' makrofagov belykh myshei.

It was shown that the effect of polysaccharides such as hetero- and homoglycans, polyuronides and neutral polysaccharides on the functional status of macrophages was different by the activation level. The activity of the polysaccharides depended on the charge and polymeric properties of the molecules, glycoside bond configuration and supermolecular structure.

[Study of the fractions and fibrinolytic activity of fungal mannan]. / Izuchenie fraktsii i fibrinoliticheskoi aktivnosti drozhzhevogo mannana.

Characteristics of the fraction composition of extracellular mannan produced by Rhodotorula rubra are presented. Various lots of the polysaccharide mainly contained two fractions similar by their chemical structures and differing in the solution relative viscosity. HPLC was used for determining the molecular weight of the samples. In the isolated fractions it differed 3-5 fold. Relationship between the fibrinolytic activity of the polysaccharide and its molecular weight was revealed. The samples of mannan with the molecular weight of 400-500 kD had the highest capacity for lowering the fibrinogen blood levels in rats. The polysaccharide with the molecular weight of less than 100 kD had practically no fibrinolytic activity.