Effects of pubic hair grooming on women's sexual health: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Pubic hair grooming involves the partial or complete removal of pubic hair, and it is a common practice among men and women. Grooming is more prevalent in women, who employ various methods such as shaving, waxing and laser removal. However, it is associated with variable rates of post-grooming adverse outcomes including lacerations and sexually transmitted infections (STIs). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first systematic review and meta-analysis comparing women's sexual health outcomes between those who groom and those who don't. METHODS: We followed the MOOSE guidelines and conducted a computerized-based search using (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Ovid Medline), till June 20th, 2022, for eligible studies using the relevant keywords; (pubic hair grooming) OR (pubic hair removal OR Genital hairless OR Bikini hair removal OR pubic hair depilation). Cross-sectional studies included which compared grooming practices among women in terms of motivation and health outcomes. Women's satisfaction and incidence of STIs were pooled as standardized mean difference (SMD) and odds ratio (OR) respectively. RESULTS: Twenty-Two cross-sectional studies were included in our review with 73,091 participant.The odds of having gram-negative gonorrheal and chlamydial infection in Pubic hair groomers were found to be statistically significant (OR = 1.55, 95% CI [1.31, 1.84], P < 0.001) (OR = 1.56, 95% CI [1.32, 1.85], P < 0.001] respectively. There was no difference between groomer and non-groomer women regarding viral infections such as genital herpes (OR = 1.40, 95% CI [0.56, 3.50], P = 0.47) and Condyloma acuminata (OR = 1.75, 95% CI [0.51, 6.01], P = 0.37). The most common grooming side effect is genital itching (prevalence = 26.9%, P < 0.001). Non-electrical razor (prevalence = 69.3%, P < 0.001) is the most common grooming method. White women (prevalence = 80.2%, P < 0.001) remove pubic hair more frequently compared to black women (prevalence = 12.2%, P < 0.001). Women practice complete grooming (50.3%, P < 0.001) of the pubic hair more frequently than partial grooming (33.1%, P < 0.001). There are no differences in women's satisfaction between the two groups (SMD = 0.12, 95% CI [-0.16, 0.40], P = 0.39). CONCLUSION: This review aligns with previous observational studies regarding sexual health outcomes of pubic hair grooming. There is a need to raise awareness among women regarding the safe practice of pubic hair grooming, emphasizing the clarification of hazards and benefits.

Dengue hemophagocytic syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis on epidemiology, clinical signs, outcomes, and risk factors.

We systematically searched and meta-analyzed the epidemiological characteristics, frequency of clinical signs, and outcomes of dengue-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. Ten electronic databases were searched systematically plus manual search of reference lists to identify relevant articles published until May 2017. The highest number of reported cases were from South-East Asia region (62 cases), followed by Western Pacific region (20 cases), and America (31 cases). The term "dengue hemorrhagic fever" predominated in studies that used the World Health Organization 1997 definition (59.7%), whereas "severe dengue" predominated in studies using the World Health Organization 2009 definition (76.8%). Among 122 cases, fever, splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, anemia, thrombocytopenia, and serum ferritin ≥500 µg/L were likely to report by articles representing by large sample size. The pooled proportion of these findings were as follows: fever 97.2%, hepatomegaly 70.2%, splenomegaly 78.4%, thrombocytopenia 90.1%, anemia 76.0%, and serum ferritin ≥500 µg/L 97.1%. This study highlighted a high case fatality rate (14.6%) and co-infection among dengue hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis patients. We suggest that long fever duration, persistent thrombocytopenia, elevated serum ferritin, and lactate dehydrogenase levels could be good diagnostic indicators for dengue-associated hemophagocytic syndrome. Bone marrow aspiration could be used as one criterion for diagnosis but is not obligatory. Further research is needed to examine the possible risk difference for development of hemophagocytic syndrome and to explore potential relationships between specific dengue classifications and dengue-associated hemophagocytic syndrome.

A Case Report of Comprehensive Diagnostic Approach on a Complex Left Adnexal Mass in a Young Female: Endometrioma or Complicated Ovarian Serous Cystadenofibroma.

This case report presents a young female who was clinically, radiologically, and intraoperatively misdiagnosed as an ovarian endometrioma and was only diagnosed by histopathological biopsy as complicated serous cystadenofibroma, a rare benign tumor composed of both glandular and fibrous tissue. The diagnosis of adenofibroma typically involves a combination of imaging studies, such as ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan, and a histopathological biopsy to confirm the presence of the tumor. This case underscores the significance of utilizing various diagnostic methods and histopathological biopsies to diagnose and treat complex adnexal masses in females accurately.

Fracture Resistance and Push-Out Bond Strength of Three Post Types in the Restoration of Anterior Primary Teeth - A In Vitro study.

CONTEXT: Restoration fractures and displacement are the two main causes of failure after the rehabilitation of severely worn primary anterior teeth. AIMS: Compare the effect of three post types on the fracture and push-out bond strength. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Sixty undamaged maxillary anterior primary teeth were allocated into three groups according to post type: (I) Tetric N Ceram composite post, (II) prefabricated glass fiber post, and (III) high viscous glass ionomer post. Each group was further subdivided into two sub-groups depending on the test used: fracture resistance test and push-out bond strength test. The all specimens were mounted in acrylic resin blocks and tested using a universal testing machine. The fracture and failure mode were determined by a stereomicroscope inspection of all the specimens. Data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Bonferroni post hoc test ( P < 0.05). RESULTS: There was a statistically significant difference between fracture resistance and push-out bond strength values for the experimental groups ( P < 0.05). The most significant fracture resistance value was in Group II and core/post fracture (restorable fracture) was the most obvious fracture in the three groups with the highest percentage in Group I. The most significant push-out bond strength value was in Group I and adhesive failure between dentin and luting cement/post was the most common type in the groups. CONCLUSIONS: The fracture resistance and push-out bond strength were affected by the type of post ( P = 0.000). Prefabricated glass fiber posts showed the highest fracture resistance in this study. However, Tetric N Ceram composite posts had the most restorable fracture. Tetric N Ceram composite posts had the highest bond strength with adhesive failure mode.

Maternal Exposure to Mycoplasma Pneumonia and Amniotic Constriction Band: A Case Report of Probable Novel Etiology.

Amniotic constriction band (ACB) is an uncommon clinical concept with different presentations specific to each patient with clinical symptoms may include ring constrictions, digital defects, natural limb amputations, and visceral defects. The etiology of this defect is not fully understood. We present a full-term newborn boy who was born by vaginal delivery to a healthy mother. At birth, amniotic bands encircled and constricted his upper and lower limbs. At two and six months of gestation, the mother gave a unique obstetric history of recurrent exposure to her infected daughter, which was diagnosed later as a case of atypical M. pneumoniae. This raises suspicion that M. pnemoniae may play a critical role in the pathogenesis of ACB and the hypothesis related to its origin. The inquiry in our case is whether M. pneumoniae might have been a non-aberrant teratogen and caused subclinical chorioamnionitis that leads to early rupture of amniotic membranes and result in the proposed defects. As far as we know, this is the first case reported in the literature that combines gestational exposure to M. pneumoniae and postpartum isolated amniotic constrictions and minor digital defects in Saudi Arabia newborns. In addition, we discussed the possible underlying causes and reviewed the published literature on this defect.