[Optimization of extraction technology from compound Huanghuai based on coagulation activity and central composite design-response surface methodology].

To establish a method for the determination of coagulation activity in vitro by using fibrinogen plate method. The extraction route of compound Huanghuai was optimized by selecting thrombin as the reference substance. The comprehensive score of extract yield and the extraction transfer rate of baicalin and rutin was set as the dependent variable, with alcohol concentration, solvent volume and extraction time as the influence factors in central composite design for quadratic fitting, and the extraction process of compound Huanghuai was optimized by using response surface methodology. The results of thrombin concentration and precipitation zone area showed a good linear relationship in 0.4-16 U•mL⁻¹, r=0.997 5. The average recovery rate was 103.8% and the RSD was 4.7 %. The circle of precipitation area of compound Huanghuai combined extract was 38.81 mm², which was bigger than that of fractionated extract. The activity on the daily amount of compound Huanghuai extract was 84.28 U; and the optimum extraction technology was as follows: alcohol concentration 40%, extracted 3 times, the liquid-solid ratio 6∶1, and extraction time 2 h. The predicted value of comprehensive score was 94.26 and the measured value was 88.34, respectively, with a relative deviation of 6.28%. The coagulation activity of the intermediate obtained by optimal extraction process was better. So the method established in this paper was simple, fast and accurate for determination of coagulation activity of compound Huanhuai, which can be also used for the screening of follow-up process and quality control.

[Changes of Serum Gonadal Hormones Levels During Musk-secreting Period and Estrus of Moschus berezovskii].

OBJECTIVE: To detect concentrations of serum gonadal hormones (testosterone, estradiol and progesterone) in musk-secreting period and estrus of Moschus berezovskii, and to study the association of serum gonadal hormones concentrations and musk-secreting. METHODS: The concentrations of serum gonadal hormones were detected with magnetic particle separation ELISA. RESULTS: During musk-secreting period, concentration changes of three serum gonadal hormones showed clear regularity, three crests occurred synchronously. Before musk-secreting period, testosterone, estradiol and progesterone concentrations were at its lower level, in prime musk-secreting period, they increased rapidly to respective highest peak; at later musk-secreting period, they quickly dropped to close to its previous levels before musk-secreting period. During estrus, serum testosterone concentration increased to lower peaks than that at later musk-secreting period. Estradiol remained at a low level and progesterone level was closed to zero. Serum testosterone concentrations in prime musk-secreting period were 114.4 ~ 190.5 times of estrus. During musk-secreting period, there were significant positive correlation among three serum gonadal hormone levels, a positive correlation between musk yield and serum testosterone levels, and negative correlation of musk yield with serum estradiol and progesterone levels as well as musk deer ages. CONCLUSION: Serum testosterone concentrations in prime musk-secreting period increase to the highest levels,which can provide reference in musk secretion induced by artificial means.

[Study on Application of RVD Regimen Sequential Auto-HSCT in the Treatment of Multiple Myeloma Evaluated by Propensity Score Matching].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the application effect of sequential autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (Auto-HSCT) with lenalidomide, bortezomib and dexamethasone (RVD) in the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM) evaluated by propensity score matching. METHODS: The clinical data of 49 MM patients treated with RVD scheme and followed-up for 36 months in the hospital from January 2015 to January 2021 were retrospectively analyzed and included in the control group, the clinical data of 54 MM patients who received RVD scheme and sequential Auto-HSCT scheme and completed 36 months of follow-up in the hospital during the same period were collected and included in the observation group. PSM method (1∶1, caliper value=0.01) was used to match the control group with the observation group based on baseline data and laboratory indexes, covariate equilibrium samples were obtained between groups (40 cases in each group). The clinical efficacy of patients in the two groups after 18 weeks of treatment was compared; the incidence of toxic and side effects during treatment of patients in the two groups was compared; the survival of patients in the two groups was compared after 36 months of follow-up. RESULTS: The ORR and DCR in the observation group were higher than those in the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Compared the incidence of fatigue, rash, thrombocytopenia, anemia and nausea of patients in the two groups, there was no statistical significant difference (P>0.05). After 36 months of follow-up (no loss during follow-up), 4 cases died from illness in the observation group, with a survival rate of 90% and an average survival time of 35.61 (95% CI: 35541-35.685) months, 10 cases died from illness in the control group, with a survival rate of 75% and an average survival time of 34.70 (95% CI: 34.559-34.832) months, the survival rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Sequential Auto-HSCT with RVD regimen in the treatment of MM can improve the short-term efficacy and increase the survival rate of patients, which will not increase toxic and side effects and has high safety.

Potential effects of the nursing work environment on the work-family conflict in operating room nurses.

BACKGROUND: The nursing working environment is an important subsystem in the hospital environment. A good working environment could have a positive impact on nurses. However, the work-family conflict and unsatisfactory working environment could significantly reduce their working enthusiasm, efficacy as well as the overall quality of the nursing, increase their fatigue, and thereby compromise their career status. AIM: To explore the possible status quo and to analyze the correlation between work environment perception and the work-family conflict among nurses in the operating room. METHODS: A total of 312 operating room nurses from two first-class hospitals at Grade 2 and two first-class hospitals at Grade 3 in China from May to September 2017 were included in this research using the cluster sampling method. The data, including the general information questionnaire, the practice environment scale of the nursing work index (PES-NWI), and the work-family conflict scale, were systematically collected. Pearson correlation analysis was applied to analyze the correlation between the two scores, with influencing factors analyzed by hierarchical regression analysis. RESULTS: A total of 312 questionnaires were issued, and the response rate and effective questionnaire rate were both 96.15% (300/312). The total scores of the PES-NWI scale and the work-family conflict scale were 3.07 ± 0.43 (vs maximum up to 4 points) and 52.32 ± 8.79 (vs maximum up to 90 points), respectively. The scores of the PES-NWI scale were negatively correlated with that of work-family conflict scale (all P < 0.05). The perception of the nursing work environment and the number of night shifts per month were the major factors contributing to the work-family conflict (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The nursing work environment and the work-family conflict among nurses in the operating room were both found at a medium level with a negative correlation between the two.

Improved chromatographic fingerprints for facile differentiation of two Ganoderma spp.

This paper addresses a comprehensive and comparative study of six phytochemical extraction methods for triterpenes from the fruiting body of Ganoderma spp. Quantitative analysis of extracts was performed by HPLC with photodiode array detection. In general, pressurized liquid extraction and microwave-assisted extraction under optimized conditions produce better yields, and the former also significantly reduces the total time of extraction and manipulation of a sample, as well as the amount of solvent used in comparison with conventional soxhlet, reflux, ultrasonic, and methanol-CO(2) supercritical fluid extractions. Based on the improved extraction protocol, the fingerprinting profiles for two species of Lingzhi were established using the consistent chromatographic features of 12 authentic samples. Eleven common peaks of ganoderic/ganoderenic acids were identified using LC-ESI-MS-MS. These specific triterpene groups were adopted as chemical markers for Lingzhi. Using chemometric analysis, the developed fingerprinting was successfully applied to differentiate between the two species under the Ganoderma genus and is applicable as a method for quality evaluation of this valuable medicinal fungus and its related proprietary products.

[Analysis of dencichine by HPLC with pre-column derivatization].

OBJECTIVE: To establish a reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatorgraphy (RP-HPLC) method for detecting the dencichine in Panax notoginseng extracts and drug preparations. METHOD: Dencichine was extracted with the borate buffer (pH 9. 18) and the clear supernatant was used for the derivatization. Pre-column derivatization was performed using 9-fluorenylmethyl chloroformate (FMOC) to form derivatives. The mobile phase consisted of methanol and 0. 05 mol x L( -1) NaH2 PO4 (48: 52) (pH adjusted to 7.4 with NaOH solution) in a flow rate of 1.0 mL m min(-1). The ultraviolet (UV) detection wavelength was set at 262 nm. RESULT: The linearity was demonstrated over a wide range of concentration from 1.76 mg L(-1) to 352 mg x L(-1) for dencichine. The detection limit was determined to be 60 microg x L(-1). The derivative was stable and the derivatization agent did not influence the measurement of dencichine. The average recovery rate was 95. 3% and the relative standard derivation (RSD) was 1. 7%. The method was used to determine dencichine in different P. notoginseng extracts and drug preparations. CONCLUSION: This method is simple, fast and sensitive, suitable for determining the dencichine in P. notoginseng extracts and drug preparations as well as for the study of the dencichine metabolism in vivo.

Clonal origin and evolution of myelodysplastic syndrome analyzed by dysplastic morphology and fluorescence in situ hybridization.

Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are clonal disorders of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. As bone marrow cells are extremely diverse in these disorders, the origin and evolution of MDS clones are difficult to identify and trace. Cellular dysplasia is a distinct morphologic feature; however, whether the dysplastic cells represent abnormal clones or only nonspecific superficial phenomena remains to be clarified. To address this question, 97 patients were examined for dysplasia features, among them bone marrow slides of 16 patients with chromosomal abnormalities were subjected to fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to determine the karyotype of these dysplastic cells. Furthermore, the emerging frequencies of abnormal karyotypes in various differentiated stages of each lineage were also evaluated by a combination of morphological evaluation and FISH karyotyping. Our results indicate that the overall percentage of dysplastic cells does not differ significantly among the WHO subtypes, while the megakaryoid lineage presents the most frequent dysplasia in all subtypes. A positive correlation between dysplastic cells and FISH-detectable abnormal clones was observed, but the dysplastic morphology was not a specific feature of FISH-detectable abnormal clones. FISH-detectable abnormal clones can differentiate into mature granulocytes and erythrocytes, in coexistence with cells originating from the normal clones.

[Survey on the utilization of narcotic analgesics].

UNLABELLED: To evaluate the prescription of narcotic analgesics by the medical staff of Nanfang Hospital. METHODS: Drug utilization index (DUI) was used to analyze the prescriptions of narcotic analgesics to both in- and out-patients in the year of 2000. RESULTS: Six kinds of narcotic analgesics were prescribed mostly to relieve renal biliary colic, cancer pain and cough in the year 2000 in Nanfang Hospital. DUI shows no abuses of narcotic analgesics. CONCLUSION: The utilization of narcotic analgesics in Nanfang Hospital is basically well justified.

Development and validation of an rp-hplc method for simultaneous determination of Ramipril and Amlodipine in tablets.

An rp-hplc method for the simultaneous determination of Ramipril (RP) and Amlodipine (AL) in tablets was developed and validated by Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2010. The linearity of the proposed method was investigated in the range of 0.01-0.25 mg/mL (r2=0.9998) for RP and 0.014-0.36 mg/mL (r2=0.9997) for AL. The limits of detection (LOD) were 0.06 µg/mL and 0.02 µg/mL for RP and AL, and the limits of quantitation (LOQ) were 0.2 µg/mL and 0.07 µg/mL, respectively. Some major impurities and degradation products did not disturb the detection of RP and AL and the assay can thus be considered stability-indicating.

[Study of the clonal origin and development of MDS by FISH analysis of dysplasia cells in bone marrow of patients with MDS].

This study was purpose to explore whether the dysplasia of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) is unspecific feature or results of the abnormal clone, and to provide the evaluation of abnormal clone changes in bone marrow cells of MDS patients. The dysplasia cells in bone marrow smears was analyzed by morphologic observation, the clonal origin and development in 16 cases of MDS with abnormality of chromosome karyotypes were investigated by FISH combined with morphologic observation. The results found that both the dysplastic and nondysplastic bone cells displayed abnormal clones in the erythroid and granulocytic cells. The dysplastic bone marrow cells displayed more abnormal clones than the nondysplastic bone marrow cells in most of the patients, and the abnormal clones displayed more dysplastic cells than the normal clones. Most of the dysplastic and nondysplastic megakaryocytes were derived from abnormal clones. The abnormal clone showed a decreasing trend from the primitive stage to the terminal stage of cell differentiation. It is concluded that there is a correlation between the dysplastic cells and the abnormal clones in MDS, but the dysplasia of bone marrow cells is not a specific feature. The abnormal clones can differentiate into mature granulocytes and erythrocytes, and can be in coexistence with cells originated from the normal clones.

Growth and differentiation effects of Homer3 on a leukemia cell line.

The Homer protein family, also known as the family of cytoplasmic scaffolding proteins, which include three subtypes (Homer1, Homer2, Homer3). Homer3 can regulate transcription and play a very important role in the differentiation and development for some tissues (e.g. muscle and nervous systems). The current studies showed that Homer3 abnormal expression changes in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Forced expression of Homer3 in transfected K562 cells inhibited proliferation, influenced the cell cycle profile, affected apoptosis induced by As2O3 through inhibition of Bcl2 expression, and also promoted cell differentiation induced by 12-O-tetra decanoylphorbol-acetate (TPA). These results showed that Homer3 is a novel gene which plays a certain role in the occurrence and development of AML.