ABSTRACT
A monoclonal antibody assay has been developed to measure Der p I specific IgE in sera of D. pteronyssinus sensitive patients. In this assay a specific monoclonal antibody was bound to the solid-phase and this complex was used for insolubilization of the allergen. Two procedures using two different solid-phases, CNBr activated paper discs and microtitre plate wells, were compared. In the paper disc assay about 90% of specific IgE was bound to the solid-phase. A study of 80 sera from mite sensitive children confirmed the importance of Der p I; indeed all the sera contained Der p I specific IgE and IgE anti Der p I contributed from 5% to 100% (mean = 39%) of the mite specific IgE response. In the microtitre plate assay only 45% of specific IgE was immobilized and it was necessary to express the results in arbitrary units. The correlation with the paper disc assay was significantly positive (r = 0.89) but five samples were found to be negative. However, this assay appears to be of interest for studying the affinity of specific IgE in different samples. The use of specific monoclonal antibodies as allergosorbents is a useful approach to a better standardization of the in vitro diagnostic reagents.
Subject(s)
Allergens/immunology , Immunoassay/methods , Immunoglobulin E/analysis , Mites/immunology , Adolescent , Animals , Antibodies, Monoclonal , Antigens, Dermatophagoides , Asthma/immunology , Humans , Immunoglobulin E/immunology , Immunosorbent TechniquesABSTRACT
A multicentre study was conducted in France during the 1986 pollen season. 186 patients who were diagnosed as suffering from allergic rhinitis (seasonal and perennial) were admitted to the trial. The treatment that was administered was: RHINAAXIA, nasal solution, applied as a double spray in each nostril, five times daily during one or two months. On the 14th day, at the first assessment, the treatment was found to have been effective or very effective (63.3% of physicians). This good result was confirmed by the later evaluations (67.8% on day 30 and 69.9% on day 60). The diary cards showed that patients who had severe symptoms at the start were greatly improved (2/3 in 4 days). In addition, good tolerance of RHINAAXIA is confirmed in this study and makes it the treatment of choice for allergic rhinitis.
Subject(s)
Acetylglucosamine/analogs & derivatives , Glucosamine/analogs & derivatives , Histamine H1 Antagonists/therapeutic use , Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial/drug therapy , Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal/drug therapy , Acetylglucosamine/adverse effects , Acetylglucosamine/therapeutic use , Administration, Intranasal , Adolescent , Adult , Aerosols , Aged , Child , Clinical Trials as Topic , Drug Tolerance , Female , Histamine H1 Antagonists/adverse effects , Humans , Male , Medical Records , Middle Aged , Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial/complications , Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal/complications , Seasons , SolutionsABSTRACT
Modifications of the mechanical ventilatory function in 18 atopic asthmatic patients challenged with carbachol and mites are studied. The patients were chosen according to clinical and immunoallergiological criteria. All patients reacted to carbachol and only 11 of them to mites. In addition to classical changes in total pulmonary resistance and forced expiration parameters, we observed modifications in lung elastic properties, with an impairment of the P/V curves. Ventilatory data after mite extract aerosols were heterogeneous. Bronchial infection seemed to facilitate central bronchoconstriction to allergens with a large increase of Rtot from 0.425 to 2.226 kPa . liter-1 . s (3.19-16.70 mm Hg . liters-1 . s). The delay between mite challenge and bronchoconstriction was longer when peripheral obstruction occurred without a significant increase in Rtot.
Subject(s)
Allergens/administration & dosage , Asthma/immunology , Carbachol/immunology , Mites/immunology , Respiration , Adolescent , Adult , Asthma/physiopathology , Biomechanical Phenomena , Bronchial Provocation Tests , Carbachol/administration & dosage , Female , Humans , Male , Reaction TimeABSTRACT
21 asthmatic patients with atopic asthma were studied. Their clinical history, skin tests and bronchial reactivity suggest the responsibility of an allergen (mites). Carbachol induced bronchospasm in all patients after doses varying from 100 to 1000 micrograms. The bronchial response was determined 10-60 min after mite challenge using the following parameters: lung volume, forced expiratory flow, total lung resistance and elastic properties. The measurements were performed using an open whole-body plethysmograph. 14 patients had an early bronchospasm (from 10 to 15 min after the mite challenge), the others had a late reaction (from 20 to 60 min after the mite challenge). The early responses were principally characterized by an increase in pulmonary resistance, suggesting proximal bronchoconstriction. The late reactions were characterized by a decrease in MMEF without a notable increase in pulmonary resistance. These differences between bronchial responses are due to a number of modifications in lung elastic properties. Initial obstruction or intercurrent bronchial infections seem to have no effect on the bronchial reaction in these patients.
Subject(s)
Asthma/diagnosis , Bronchial Provocation Tests/methods , Respiratory Hypersensitivity/diagnosis , Adolescent , Adult , Airway Resistance , Female , Humans , Hypersensitivity, Delayed/diagnosis , Lung Compliance , Lung Volume Measurements , Male , Plethysmography, Whole Body , Time FactorsABSTRACT
Calcium phosphate has been used for many years as an adjuvant for vaccines. Results of field trials using calcium phosphate in several countries have been published and demonstrate high immunogenicity and the absence of untoward reactions. This paper presents preliminary results of studies on the use of calcium phosphate, instead of aluminum compounds, for preparing adsorbed allergens. These were performed with purified house dust, mite, and grass pollen extracts. Immunotherapy with house dust and mite extracts gave a high rate (70%) of satisfactory therapeutic results. Efficacy was compared with immunization carried out with fluid preparations under the same conditions. It was found that satisfactory results were of the same order, but elicited a higher number of injections. Immunotherapy with calcium phosphate adjuvanted allergens was also equal, as with aluminium adjuvanted allergens, according to published data. Good tolerance was noted for adsorbed grass pollen extracts, but clinical evaluation of results can only be reported after treatments during at least three seasons.
Subject(s)
Adjuvants, Immunologic , Allergens/immunology , Calcium Phosphates/immunology , Mites/immunology , Humans , Immunotherapy , Respiratory Hypersensitivity/immunologyABSTRACT
An homogeneous group of 17 children with severe chronic asthma were given a rush immunotherapy with standardized Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus extracts. Maintenance dose was injected monthly for one year. Symptom and medication scores as well as functional (lung function tests, specific nasal challenges), immunologic and allergic parameters (skin tests, total serum IgE, specific IgE and IgG4) were recorded before and at the end of the study. Rush immunotherapy was well tolerated in spite of some moderate systemic adverse reactions. Symptom and medication scores improved in 10 children. Nasal and skin sensitivity decreased in respectively 3 and 7 children. However there was no correlation between the improvement of quality of life and laboratory results. This study shows that specific immunotherapy is possible in children with severe asthma. Its efficacy should be assessed by symptom and medication scores.