ABSTRACT
Bixin is the main natural apocarotenoid extracted from the seeds of Bixa orellana, widely used as a cosmetic and textile colorant. Despite the description of several pharmacological properties of B. orellana extracts, little has been studied regarding the pharmacological properties of bixin. Then we aimed to investigate the potential anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effect of bixin in preclinical models of inflammation and acute pain. The anti-inflammatory activity of bixin (15 or 30 mg/kg, orally) was determined using carrageenan-induced paw edema and the myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in male Wistar rats. The antinociceptive effect of bixin was assessed in the formalin and hot plate tests in rats (at same doses) and in the acetic acid-induced writhing test in Swiss albino male mice (at doses of 27 or 53 mg/kg). General locomotor activity was evaluated in the open field test. Only the higher dose of bixin significantly decreased the carrageenan-induced paw edema and the MPO activity and increased the latency time in the hot plate. Both doses of bixin significantly reduced the number of flinches in both phases of the formalin test and the number of acetic acid-induced writhings without changing the locomotor performance in the open field test. This study validates the use of bixin as an anti-inflammatory trough mechanism related to the reduction of neutrophil migration. Furthermore, this is the first report showing the antinociceptive property of bixin, which does not appear to be related to the sedative effect. Further studies are necessary to characterize the mechanisms involved in these effects.
Subject(s)
Analgesics/pharmacology , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/pharmacology , Bixaceae/chemistry , Carotenoids/pharmacology , Edema/drug therapy , Acetic Acid/adverse effects , Analgesics/chemistry , Animals , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/chemistry , Carotenoids/chemistry , Carrageenan/adverse effects , Disease Models, Animal , Inflammation/drug therapy , Male , Mice , Pain Measurement , Rats , Rats, WistarABSTRACT
Introducción: con un número creciente de estudios científicos y los avances en la legislación nacional e internacional, la fitoterapia se consolida como una opción de terapia complementaria a la medicina tradicional. La Relación Nacional de Medicamentos Esenciales (RENAME) en el Sistema Único de Salud (SUS), publicada en 2014, tiene en su reparto 12 hierbas medicinales, las cuales, por falta de información clara y científica, aún no son conocidas y prescritas por los profesionales de la salud. Objetivo: realizar una revisión sobre los medicamentos a base de hierbas de la RENAME, con sus declaraciones y presentaciones, con base técnica y científica, creando así un material fácil de entender por los profesionales de la salud.Métodos: se realizó un examen descriptivo y de naturaleza cualitativa de la fitoterapia en el SUS, utilizando la página web del Ministerio de Sanidad y artículos disponibles en bases de datos electrónicas Scielo, Lilacs y Medline. Resultados: se encontró que existen numerosos artículos científicos relacionados con el tema y sobre todo información sobre las indicaciones de las hierbas medicinales presentes en la RENAME. Conclusión: es necesario que los profesionales de la salud conozcan las señales, eficacia clínica y seguridad de los fitofármacos de la Relación Nacional de Medicamentos Esenciales. Sin embargo, queda mucho por hacer en términos de formación de recursos humanos involucrados en la prescripción de medicamentos a base de hierbas(AU)
Introduction: Due to the growing number of scientific studies and the advances in national and international legislation, phytotherapy has consolidated as a therapeutic option complementary to traditional medicine. The National List of Essential Medicines (RENAME), published by the Unified Health System (SUS) in 2014, contains 12 medicinal herbs. However, due to lack of clear scientific information, these herbs are not known or prescribed by health professionals. Objective: Conduct a review about the herbal drugs included in the National List of Essential Medicines (RENAME), their specifications and forms of presentation, applying a technical and scientific approach, so as to develop a material easy to understand by health professionals. Methods: A descriptive qualitative study was conducted of the phytomedicines listed in the SUS, based on the webpage of the Ministry of Health and papers available in the electronic databases Scielo, Lilacs and Medline. Results: It was found that there is a large number of papers about the topic, mainly information about indications for the medicinal herbs included in the RENAME. Conclusion: Health professionals should be aware of the signals, clinical effectiveness and safety of the phytomedicines included in the National List of Essential Medicines. However, much remains to be done in terms of training of the human resources involved in the prescription of herbal medicines
Introdução: com um número cada vez maior de estudos científicos e com os avanços na legislação brasileira e mundial, a fitoterapia se concretiza como uma opção de terapia complementar a medicina tradicional. A Relação Nacional de Medicamentos Essenciais (RENAME) no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), publicada em 2014, traz em seu elenco 12 fitoterápicos, os quais, por falta de informações claras e científicas, ainda não são conhecidos e prescritos pelos profissionais de saúde. Objetivo: realizar uma revisão sobre os medicamentos fitoterápicos da Relação Nacional de Medicamentos Essenciais com suas indicações e apresentações, com embasamento técnico-científico, criando assim um material de fácil entendimento para os profissionais da saúde. Métodos: trata-se de uma revisão de teor descritivo e natureza qualitativa sobre fitoterapia no SUS utilizando-se o site do Ministério da Saúde e artigos disponíveis nas bases eletrônicas Scielo, Lilacs e Medline. Resultados: verificou-se que existem inúmeros artigos científicos relacionado à temática e principalmente informações sobre as indicações dos fitoterápicos presentes na RENAME. Conclusão: e necessário que os profissionais da área saúde conheçam as indicações, a eficácia clínica e a segurança dos fitoterápicos da RENAME. No entanto, há muito por se fazer no que ser refere aos recursos humanos envolvidos na prescrição de fitoterápicos(AU)