[Stimulation of regenerative processes and correction of the functional activity of the liver in its partial resection and toxic lesions]. / Stimuliatsiia protsessov regeneratsii i korrektsiia funktsional'noi aktivnosti pecheni pri ee chastichnoi rezektsii i toksicheskikh porazheniiakh.

The effects of hepatotropic growth factors (HGFs) and phospholipid drugs on the recovery of functions and the regeneration of the rat liver were studied in CC14-induced toxic damage and after partial hepatectomy (PHE). HGFs isolated from the cytoplasmic cells of the regenerating liver, as well as from the liver of the animals given prodigiozan and from the media taken after culturing the explants of the regenerating liver were found to stimulate DNA synthesis and hepatocytic proliferation following PHE and in the cirrhotic liver. Prodigiozan was shown to induce the formation of HGFs not only in the rat liver following PHE, but in the liver of intact animals. It was established that the covalently binding complex of albumin and bilirubin stimulated the synthesis of proteins and DNA in the regenerating liver, but non-covalently binding complex inhibited these processes. When CC14 was administered to the animals, the two complexes enhanced the reparative synthesis of DNA, without changing the level of replicating synthesis, the non-covalently binding complex completely eliminating the single-strand breaks in DNA. Phospholipid agents containing soybean and sunflower phosphatidylcholines increased the synthesis of RNA and albumin, which were decreased due to exposure to CC14 and had the property of stimulating the synthesis of total DNA and considerably enhancing that of mitochondrial DNA.

[Characteristics of the reaction of the macrophage lysosomal apparatus in guinea pigs immunized with a live and a killed Br. abortus culture]. / Osobennosti reaktsii lizosomal'nogo apparata makrofagov morskikh svinok, immunizirovannykh zhivoi i ubitoi kul'turoi Br. abortus

Accumulation of fluorescent antigen-antibody complex in the cytoplasmic granules at various time intervals after the phagocytosis of brucellae treated with brucella fluorescent serum was studied in the peritoneal macrophage culture of guinea pigs immunized with live and killed brucella culture. The activity of the lysosomic system was also studied. Immunization with live brucellae led to an increase in the acid phosphatase activity, to an increased rate of destruction of phagocytosed spheroplasts with fluorescent antibodies fixed on their surface, to a more rapid accumulation of fluorescent antigen-antibody complex in secondary lysosomes and to a more marked humoral response than the immunization with the killed culture. Changes in macrophages correlated with positive skin allergic reactions, and were apparently associated with increased sensitivity of a delayed type.

[Effect of antilysosomal sera on the phagocytosis of corpuscular antigens in a macrophage culture]. / Vliianie antilizosomnykh syvorotok na fagotsitoz korpuskuliarnykh antigenov v kul'ture makrofagov

A study was made of the effect of the antilysosomal sera on various phases of phagocytosis Macrophages fluorochromized with acridine orange served as a model for the assessment of the effect of the antilysosomal sera on the phagocytosis: the fluorescent-microscopic method permitted to evaluate quantitatively the activity of the antilysosomal sera and to study the intracellular changes in the phagocytized antigen associated with its interaction with the lysosomes. The data obtained showed the antisera to the enzymes and the lysosome membranes to inhibit the phagocytosis both in the presence of a complement and without it. It was also demonstrated that the antilysosomal sera influenced the activity of the acid phosphatase and its distribution in the macrophages.

[Stimulation of DNA and RNA synthesis in the liver of hepatectomized rats by fractions of liver cytosol and conditioned media obtained during cultivation of rat liver explants]. / Stimuliatsiia sinteza DNK i RNK v pecheni gepatéktomirovannykh krys fraktsiiami tsitozolia pecheni i konditsionirovannoi sredy, poluchennoi pri kul'tivirovanii éksplantatov pecheni krys.

Heat resistant fractions stimulating proliferation (PSF) were identified in the fractions of rat liver cytosol after 70% hepatectomy as well as in the medium harvested after cultivation of rat liver explants. The PSF augmented considerably the rate of DNA synthesis, it increased synthesis and transport of rapidly labelled RNA as well as the level of mitotic activity in rat liver tissue resected by 30% and 80%. Role of the PSF in regulation and acceleration of regeneration processes in the residual parts of liver tissue, remained after hepatectomy, is discussed.

[The effect of phosphatidylcholine on repair processes in liver cells in acute CCl4 damage]. / Vliiane fosfatidilkhonlina na reparatsionnye protsessy v kletkakh pecheni pri ee ostrom povrezhdenii CCL4.

Effect of phosphatidylcholine, isolated from soy beans and sunflower seeds for laboratory use, on synthesis of RNA, DNA, albumin and content of newly synthesized mRNA in polyribosomes was studied in hepatocytes after chemical hepatectomy produced by single administration of CCl4 into rats; histological and histochemical studies of liver tissue were also carried out. Phosphatidylcholine from these plants was found to prevent hepatocyte dystrophy and necrosis development, to activate the macrophage response and to stimulate reparation inducing synthesis and secretion of the tumor necrosis factor. The rate of highly labelled RNA synthesis, mainly mRNA, decreased in liver tissue of rats treated with CCl4, was increased approximately 2-fold after the phospholipid administration. The phospholipid from soy beans restored the albumin synthesis as well as the content of newly synthesized mRNA in rat polyribosomes, while phosphatidylcholine from sunflower seeds restored effectively the mitochondrial DNA synthesis. Promising application of these phosphatidylcholines as hepatoprotectors is discussed.

[Characteristics of tissue reaction upon implantation of injected polyacrylamide gel containing silver and hydroxyapatite]. / Osobennosti tkanevoi reaktsii pri implantatsii in''ektsionnogo poliakrilamidnogo gelia, soderzhashchego iony serebra i gidroksiapatit.

Albino rats were subcutaneously injected with polyacrylamide gel (PAAG) (1 ml) with 20% distilled water, water with silver ions, and 1 and 3% hydroxyapatite (HAP), and tissue reaction was evaluated over 5-90 days postinjection. PAAG containing HAP and silver ions can be used for contour plastic repair of soft tissues; its use is particularly recommended for repair or modification of facial contours with one's own tissue.

[The tissue reaction to acrylic plastics modified by supercritical extraction with carbon dioxide]. / Tkanevaia reaktsiia na akrilovye plastmassy, modifitsirovannye sverkhkriticheskoi ékstraktsiei dvuokis'iu ugleroda.

The process of extraction of admixtures from acryl plastic widely used in dentistry by means of supercritical carbon dioxide (sc-CO2) was studied and effects of extraction conditions on biocompatibility and toxicity of resultant materials assessed, sc-CO2 effectively purified the specimens from toxic compounds (monomers and low-molecular oligomers, methylmethacrylate, dichloroethane) and notably improved the biocompatability of polymer implants. Tissue reaction to ethacryl and protacryl depends on the degree of implant polymerization and duration of extraction of toxic substances from polymer.

[Effect of carnosine and 4-methyluracil on the development of experimental hepatitis in rats]. / Vliianie karnozina i 4-metiluratsila na razvitie éksperimental'nogo gepatita u krys.

A comparative study of the hepatoprotective effect of carnosine and 4-methyluracil under CCl4-induced acute toxic hepatitis has been carried out. The extent of liver injury and its regeneration were established from morphological data as well as from changes in the activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and histidase and the bilirubin content in blood serum. Hyperlipoperoxidation in the liver and serum was assessed by the amount of TBA-active products. It was found that by day 10 of experimental hepatitis ALT and histidase levels in blood sera of untreated animals exceeded the normal values 1.3- and 3.9-fold, whereas those in the carnosine-treated group approximated the values characteristic of intact animals. The activity of serum ALT in animals treated with vitamin B12 or 4-methyluracil exceeded normal values 1.5 and 1.6 times, whereas that of histidase was 2.5 and 2.7 times as high. Carnosine and 4-methyluracil inhibited (in approximately the same degree) the formation of TBA-active products in the liver. According to morphological dta, cessation of CCl4 injections was accompanied by rapid regeneration of liver tissues in all animal groups. Carnosine enhanced regenerative processes in parenchymatous and connective tissues in a far greater degree in comparison with other drugs. The mitotic index in the carnosine-treated group exceeded more than twofold the corresponding parameters in untreated animals. Possible mechanisms of carnosine action on liver repair are discussed.