CD147 expression in uterine smooth muscle tumors, and its potential role as a diagnostic and prognostic marker in patients with leiomyosarcoma.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of CD147 expression in uterine smooth muscle neoplasms, as a potential diagnostic and prognostic marker in patients with leiomyosarcoma (LMS). STUDY DESIGN: We investigated CD147 protein expression in uterine smooth muscle tumor samples from patients diagnosed with leiomyoma (n = 22), atypical leiomyoma (BLM) (n = 5), smooth muscle tumor of uncertain malignant potential (STUMP) (n = 14), and LMS (n = 22). The intensity and extensity of immunohistochemical staining were compared to determine its potential role in differential diagnosis. Spearman's rank correlation tests were performed to determine the relationship between CD147 expression and prognostic clinical and pathological criteria in the patients with LMS. RESULTS: CD147 was strongly expressed in 81.8% (n = 18) of the LMS tissue samples. In fact expression of CD147 in LMS tissues was significantly higher than that of the three other uterine smooth muscle tumor types (p = 0.000). However, high CD147 expression was found in only one BLM sample and one STUMP sample. Furthermore, CD147 percent expression positively correlated with Ki67 percent expression (r = 0.466, p<0.05) and mitotic index (r = 0.554, p<0.05), respectively. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that immunohistochemistry may be a helpful tool in determining whether CD147 is a useful marker in the differential diagnosis of certain uterine smooth muscle tumors. CD147 may also have prognostic value for patients with LMS. Yet, in order to determine the extent of this potential marker's utility as a diagnostic and prognostic indicator, a larger randomized multicenter study must be performed.

Solitary plexiform neurofibroma of the buccal region unassociated with neurofibromatosis type 1.

Neurofibroma is a benign neural tumor. Plexiform type of this tumor is rarely seen in oral cavity in solitary form. In this article, we present an 18-year-old male case with an isolated plexiform neurofibroma localized at buccal region without any other manifestation or family history of neurofibromatosis type 1.

Protective effects of carvacrol and pomegranate against methotrexate-induced intestinal damage in rats.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this experimental study was to evaluate the efficacy of carvacrol (CVR) and pomegranate (PMG) against methotrexate (MTX)-induced intestinal damage using histopathological and immunohistochemical techniques. METHODS: Thirty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats, weighing 195-250 g, were divided into four groups: control, MTX treatment alone, MTX plus CVR and MTX plus PMG. A single dose of CVR (73 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally to group III on the first day of the experiment, PMG (225 mg/kg/day) was administered orogastrically (with a gavage needle) once daily for 7 days and a single dose of MTX (20 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally on the second day of the experiment. Intestinal tissues were obtained on 8(th) day, and examined for villus damage, crypt damage, and inflammation. Ki-67 and Caspase 3 staining was used for immunohistochemical evaluation. RESULTS: MTX treatment induced villus shortening and fusion, epithelial atrophy, crypt loss, inflammatory infiltrate in the lamina propria, and goblet cell depletion. The CVR and PMG decreased the severity of intestinal damage caused by MTX treatment. In the MTX-received group, significant inflammatory cell infiltration was observed in the lamina propria. Compared to the MTX-received group, the PMG and CVR groups showed less villus and crypt damage and less inflammation in the lamina propria. Fewer Ki-67 positive cells were observed in the crypts of the MTX-received groups compared to the control group. There were more Ki-67 positive cells in the CVR and PMG groups compared to MTX group. The MTX-received group exhibited more caspase-3 positive cells than the control group, and the number of caspase-3 positive cells were decreased in the CVR and PMG treated groups. CONCLUSION: This study is the first to show that PMG and CVR decrease MTX-related damage and apoptotic activity in intestinal tissue.

A case of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis mimicking Wilms tumor.

Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGPN) is a very rare, unusual variant of pyelonephritis characterized by destruction of renal parenchyma. It usually occurs in adults with a history of recurrent urinary tract infections. The condition is rare in children and the disease can imitate renal tumors. Here, we describe a 12-year-old boy who presented with abdominal pain. He did not have any history of urinary tract infection. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging showed a cystic lesion in the left upper kidney. The patient underwent radical nephrectomy with a provisional diagnosis of Wilms tumor however histopathological examination of specimen revealed XGPN. Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis should be kept in mind in the differential diagnosis of renal lesions in childhood, during surgery if any suspicion from the diagnosis, a frozen biopsy should have been taken.

A case of lymphoma simulating primary sternal tumour.

Any mass on the chest wall may not always be the primary local pathology. A case of lymphoma with an aggressive course may involve the sternum through local invasion and can mimic a chest wall tumour. A 15-year-old boy with mediastinal lymphoma presented with a sternal mass. Partial sternectomy with replacement by methyl methacrylate prosthesis was performed.

[A review on the impact of IUD in cervical cytology: Mardin Region Data]. / Mardin Bölgesinden Verilerle Servikal Sitolojide RIA Etkisine Bir Bakis

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to provide an overview to infectious and reactive cytological effects of intrauterine devices, which are one of the most widely used methods of contraception, with the results we obtained in the Mardin region. MATERIAL AND METHOD: We evaluated together the pap smears of the 300 intrauterine device (+) and 300 intrauterine device (-) patients sent to the pathology department in the period of 2010-2011. Genital infection rates and frequency of reactive-dysplastic cellular changes were statistically compared between the groups together with the literature data. RESULTS: In the intrauterine device (+) group, 2 (+) and more severe inflammation was observed in 66.3% of cases. Bacterial vaginosis (26%), candida (12%) and trichomonas vaginalis (8%) were recorded as the most common infectious agents, followed by actinomyces (4%). Between the groups of intrauterine device (+) and (-), no significant difference was observed in terms of the incidence of squamous cell abnormalities, except ASC-US (p=0.02). In the intrauterine device (+) group, the presence of atypical glandular cells and reactive findings was significantly higher than the control group. After the removal of the intrauterine device, 61 cases that had control smears showed regression, with a rate of %75.4 (n=46). CONCLUSION: The local irritative and inflammatory effect of intrauterine devices basically causes reactive and regenerative changes mostly in glandular cells. Intrauterine devices disrupt the genital flora and significantly increase the frequency of genital infection by creating a foreign body reaction.

[The influence of cervicovaginitis agents on epithelial cell changes: comparison of Mardin city's data with the literature]. / Servikovajinit Ajanlarinin Epitelyal Hücre Degisiklikleri Üzerine Etkileri: Mardin Bölgesi Verilerinin Literatür Verileri ile Karsilastirilmasi

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this paper was to observe the reactive changes of epithelial cells exposed to the influence of cervicovaginitis agents that play an important role in the cytology practice and may cause an exaggerated appearance. MATERIAL AND METHOD: 378 cases with cervicovaginitis caused by a specific agent were compared with 100 control cases. It was recorded if the inflammation had concomitant cellular changes and atypia or not. After treatment, control smears were examined. The reactive and atypical situations of the cells were considered after the treatment. With the aid of the previous data, the answer to the following question was searched: Is epithelial atypia a real event or a reactive atypia that accompanies an existing cervicitis agent? RESULTS: In the first interpretation, Candida group had the most frequent reactive and ASC-US (Atypic Squamous cells of Undetermined Significance) changes (56,4% and 59,5% respectively). The bacterial vaginosis and Trichomonas vaginalis groups showed ASC-US rates of 25% and 9,5% respectively while in control group the rate was 6,0%. After treatment, the number of cases of ASC-US decreased from 50 to 11. Similarly, the number decreased from 21 to 10 in the bacterial vaginosis group. CONCLUSION: Cervicovaginitis agents need more attention because of their outcomes. Being aware of the cervicovaginitis agents during interpretation is essential for preventing a false positive diagnosis and unnecessary anxiety especially where cellular atypia is concerned.