ABSTRACT
Disseminated sclerosis is currently regarded as a CNS autoimmune disease. One of the mechanisms behind this pathology is antibody (AB) formation. In this context, recent data on AB with proteolytic activity are of importance because they participate in selective proteolysis of myelin proteins in patients with disseminated sclerosis. This paper focuses on AB-proteases associated with disseminated sclerosis and site-specificity of antibody-mediated proteolysis of myelin basic protein. Protocol of serodiagnostic algorithm to be used in clinical practice is described.
Subject(s)
Autoantibodies/metabolism , Multiple Sclerosis/immunology , Peptide Hydrolases/metabolism , Amino Acid Sequence , Antibody Specificity , Antigen-Presenting Cells/immunology , Autoantibodies/blood , Autoantibodies/immunology , Epitopes , Humans , Molecular Sequence Data , Multiple Sclerosis/diagnosis , Multiple Sclerosis/etiology , Myelin Basic Protein/immunology , Myelin Basic Protein/metabolism , Serologic Tests , Substrate SpecificityABSTRACT
Natural antibodies possessing catalytic activity present a new group of biologically active substances that are found in various autoimmune diseases such as autoimmune thyroiditis, myocarditis, multiple sclerosis, and system lupus erythematosus. Presently, an interconnection between the activity of these antibodies and the extent of organic and tissue lesion in autoaggression have been revealed. Clinical use of catalytic antibodies as a diagnostic criterion to evaluate the severity of disease, a prognostic criterion of the risk of invalidization, and as a pathogenetic basis for medicamentous treatment of autoimmune process is a promising directions of study of the role of catalytic antibodies.
Subject(s)
Antibodies, Catalytic , Multiple Sclerosis/diagnosis , Myelin-Associated Glycoprotein/immunology , Nerve Fibers, Myelinated/pathology , Disease Progression , Humans , Multiple Sclerosis/immunology , Multiple Sclerosis/metabolism , Myelin-Associated Glycoprotein/metabolism , Nerve Fibers, Myelinated/metabolism , Prognosis , Severity of Illness IndexABSTRACT
AIM: To compare clinicopathogenetic value of DNA-hydrolizing autoantibodies or DNA-abzymes in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). MATERIAL AND METHODS: We studied sera from 180 patients with SLE, 180 RA patients and 128 healthy donors matched by age and gender; assessed catalytic and cytotoxic activity of DNA-abzymes in patients with different variants of SLE and RA course. RESULTS: The highest catalytic and cytotoxic activities of DNA abzymes were observed in SLE patients. In SLE catalytic and cytotoxic activities of DNA abzymes ranged widely and their mean values depended on SLE activity in patients with systemic lesions. DNA-abzymes in RA patients showed lower catalytic and cytotoxic activities in relation to substrate DNA and target cells than in SLE. DNA-abzymes occurred most frequently in patients with high activity of RA, slow-progressive and lingering course of RA, especially in early development of visceral (extra-articular) pathology. Characteristic for DNA-abzymes in RA and SLE is the phenomenon of wide-range fluctuations due to factors determinating probability of induction of function of Ab-mediated catalysis and, therefore, incidence rates of DNA-abzymes, probably catalytic autoAb of the other specificity in a population of patients with systemic autoimmune diseases. CONCLUSION: The data indicate the validity of DNA abzymes use in clinical practice for realization of diagnostic and therapeutic programs in SLE and RA.
Subject(s)
Antibodies, Catalytic/immunology , Arthritis, Rheumatoid/genetics , Arthritis, Rheumatoid/immunology , Autoantibodies/immunology , DNA, Catalytic/genetics , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/genetics , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/immunology , Adult , Aged , Antibodies, Catalytic/genetics , Autoantibodies/genetics , Female , Flow Cytometry , Humans , Immunoglobulin A/immunology , Immunoglobulin G/immunology , Immunoglobulin M/immunology , Male , Middle AgedABSTRACT
The significance of catalytic autoantibodies abzymes in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis was evaluated in patients with different disease patterns and severity of disability.