ß-Tricalcium Phosphate-Modified Aerogel Containing PVA/Chitosan Hybrid Nanospun Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration.

Electrospinning has recently been recognized as a potential method for use in biomedical applications such as nanofiber-based drug delivery or tissue engineering scaffolds. The present study aimed to demonstrate the electrospinning preparation and suitability of ß-tricalcium phosphate-modified aerogel containing polyvinyl alcohol/chitosan fibrous meshes (BTCP-AE-FMs) for bone regeneration under in vitro and in vivo conditions. The mesh physicochemical properties included a 147 ± 50 nm fibrous structure, in aqueous media the contact angles were 64.1 ± 1.7°, and it released Ca, P, and Si. The viability of dental pulp stem cells on the BTCP-AE-FM was proven by an alamarBlue assay and with a scanning electron microscope. Critical-size calvarial defects in rats were performed as in vivo experiments to investigate the influence of meshes on bone regeneration. PET imaging using 18F-sodium fluoride standardized uptake values (SUVs) detected 7.40 ± 1.03 using polyvinyl alcohol/chitosan fibrous meshes (FMs) while 10.72 ± 1.11 with BTCP-AE-FMs after 6 months. New bone formations were confirmed by histological analysis. Despite a slight change in the morphology of the mesh because of cross-linking, the BTCP-AE-FM basically retained its fibrous, porous structure and hydrophilic and biocompatible character. Our experiments proved that hybrid nanospun scaffold composite mesh could be a new experimental bone substitute bioactive material in future medical practice.

Rare-Earth Zirconate Ln2Zr2O7 (Ln: La, Nd, Gd, and Dy) Powders, Xerogels, and Aerogels: Preparation, Structure, and Properties.

The physicochemical properties of rare-earth zirconates can be tuned by the rational modification of their structures and phase compositions. In the present work, La3+-, Nd3+-, Gd3+-, and Dy3+-zirconate nanostructured materials were prepared by different synthetic protocols, leading to powders, xerogels, and, for the first time, monolithic aerogels. Powders were synthesized by the co-precipitation method, while xerogels and aerogels were synthesized by the sol-gel technique, followed by ambient and supercritical drying, respectively. Their microstructures, thermogravimetric profiles, textural properties, and crystallographic structures are reported. The co-precipitation method led to dense powders (SBET < 1 m2 g-1), while the sol-gel technique resulted in large surface area xerogels (SBET = 144 m2 g-1) and aerogels (SBET = 168 m2 g-1). In addition, the incorporation of lanthanide ions into the zirconia lattice altered the crystal structures of the powders, xerogels, and aerogels. Single-phase pyrochlores were obtained for La2Zr2O7 and Nd2Zr2O7 powders and xerogels, while defect fluorite structures formed in the case of Gd2Zr2O7 and Dy2Zr2O7. All aerogels contain a mixture of cubic and tetragonal ZrO2 phases. Thus, a direct effect is shown between the drying conditions and the resulting crystalline phases of the nanostructured rare-earth zirconates.

[Carotid body tumor and its treatment. A case report]. / A glomus caroticum paragangliomája és ellátása.

Our goal was to report a 44-year-old woman with carotid body tumor, and to give a brief and comprehensive presentation about the disease and summarize its complex management. Carotid body tumor is a rare, mostly sporadic, benign head and neck mass originating from the glomus caroticum. It occurs mostly in middle-aged women as a slowly growing, semifix, painless neck mass. The diagnosis is based upon the physical examination (pulsatile mass, Fontaine-sign) and - as the gold standard - CT-angiography. It should be established that preoperative embolisation by digital substraction angiography plays a crucial role in the treatment of carotid body tumors that should be followed by surgical removal. In case of inoperable/irresecable and residual tumors, radiotherapy is the treatment option. The patient was treated in our department in April 2017. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(36): 1487-1492.

[Spontaneous haemothorax - thoracic surgeon and intervention radiologist successful cooperation]. / Spontán haemothorax ­ mellkassebész és intervenciós radiológus sikeres együttmuködése.

The definition of spontaneous haemothorax is accumulation of blood within the pleural space without trauma or iatrogenic causes. A case of a 17-year-old male patient with a history of multiple abnormal arterial fistulas between systemic circulation and pulmonary circulation as a cause of bleeding is presented. An overview of the causes, the clinical features of haemothorax and the interventional radiological methods that can solve some causes of haemothorax are presented in connection of our case report.

[Endovascular treatment of complex vascular pathology in neck and brain region. Case report]. / Komplex nyaki és agyi érpatológia endovascularis kezelése.

Authors present complex multistage endovascular treatment of female patient with an intradural infiltrative, inoperable tumor of the glomus jugulare, a stenosis of the internal carotid artery and an aneurysm of middle cerebri artery. In the literature our case report is the first announcement in which three pathology coexist ipsilateral in one patient and the patient has been treated step by step by endovascular procedures. Beside the endovascular treatment steps they display glomus jugulare tumor's symptoms, staging, treatment options and also the current treatment guidelines of internal carotid artery stenosis and intracranial aneurysms. Orv Hetil. 2017; 158(18): 706-710.

[The role of cone-beam CT during transarterial chemoembolization for liver cancer]. / A cone-beam CT szerepe a máj rosszindulatú daganatainak transarterialis chemoembolisatiós kezelésében.

PURPOSE: The role of interventional radiology in the treatment of hepatic malignancies is steeply raising. Our purpose is to present the importance of cone-beam CT (CBCT) during TACE (transarterial chemoembolization) procedures for liver tumours. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between 1st of June 2013 and 31st of July 2016, we performed 130 TACE procedures in 64 patients in the Borsod University Teaching Hospital at Miskolc. During some of the treatments of 44 patients CBCT was also performed. RESULTS: All procedures were successful and carried out safely. CBCT gave new information in 22,7%, that influenced further treatment. It helped to precisely localize tumours, corrected the number or the size of hepatic malignancies. With CBCT it was easier to identify the feeding arteries of the tumour, plan the actual treatment and also to assess the efficacy of the previous treatment. DISCUSSION: The gold standard therapy of intermediate-stage HCC (according to Barcelona's criteria) is TACE. Beside, it can be safely and efficiently performed also in early stage or advanced stage in cases of contraindications for alternative therapies. Cone-beam CT is a dynamic examination which gives you an intraoperative, 3D CT-like imaging in the angio suit, without moving the table or the catheterised patient. Literature has already cited preliminary datas about prolonged survival for those patients treated with the help of CBCT intraoperatively. CONCLUSION: Intraoperative CBCT in patients with TACE treatment for hepatic malignancies can provide information that can improve the therapeutic results. Therefore we suggest the routine use of this imaging option during all TACE procedures if patients are eligible.

[Preparation and characteristics of aerogel-based bioactive materials used in dentistry]. / Fogászatban alkalmazható aerogél alapú bioaktív anyagok eloállítása és sajátosságai.

A variety of bioactive materials have been investigated as substitute materials for diseased or damaged bone tissues in dentistry. The aim of this study was to prepare mesoporous silica containing biomaterials by sol-gel technology. These materials may be combinated with hydroxyapatite and ß-tricalcium phosphate, as bioactive agents. The synthesis and testing of important physical parameters were performed. Based on these measurements, the silica aerogel can be an applicable material in the dental field in the future.

[Nebivolol in treatment of multiple cerebral aneurysms]. / Nebivolol alkalmazása többszörös agyi aneurysmák esetén.

INTRODUCTION: We examined the effect of nebivolol on blood pressure control after subarachnoidal hemorrhage in three patients with multiple aneurysms. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Endovascular intervention was applied to treat the bleeding aneurysms of all patients, and the silent aneurysms were followed-up. In all patients nebivolol was used as long-term anti-hypertensive medication. RESULTS: With nebivolol treatment the blood pressure in our patients was maintained in the normal range with no unexpected shoot-ups. The size of the silent aneurysms did not increase and the endovascularly treated aneurysms demonstrated acceptable morphology on follow-up catheter-angiography. DISCUSSION: After endovascular treatment of the bleeding aneurysm, strict blood pressure control is essential in those with multiple aneurysms to prevent the rupture of silent aneurysms. Antihypertensive medications with a 24-hour effect are preferable. Nebivolol seemed to be an appropriate medication for this purpose in all of our patients.

Editorial for the Special Issue: "Aerogel Hybrids and Nanocomposites".

Aerogel materials are porous ultralight solid materials obtained from gels, wherein a gas, commonly air, replaces the liquid component [...].