ABSTRACT
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are a new class of drug that have demonstrated efficacy across many cancer types. Because of their nature and mode of action, ICIs unleash immune activation raising concerns as to whether they can be used in patients with concomitant autoimmune or auto-inflammatory diseases. Their usage can lead to the development of autoimmune phenomena known as immune related adverse events (irAEs), virtually affecting every organ. As the use of ICIs is drastically increasing, evidence of irAEs has been accumulating. Herein, we report a case of inflammatory myositis and arthritis 6 months after pembrolizumab therapy, an anti-programmed death-1 (PD1) ICI in a patient with lung cancer, aiming at raising awareness of the diagnostic and clinical challenges clinicians may face when checkpoint inhibitors-related rheumatologic irAEs are developed.
ABSTRACT
Uterine cervix carcinoids are distinct neuroendocrine cervical tumors, representing a comparatively small percentage of them. These well-differentiated neoplasms are far less prevalent than small- and large-cell carcinomas, characterized by a more favorable biological course. We report a case of a 43-year-old woman with a nonmetastatic cervical carcinoid, managed with radical hysterectomy. She still remains free of disease. Scant reports in the literature prohibit any reliable prediction of cervical carcinoid prognosis. Thus, prompt identification of the disease and subsequent therapeutic intervention could alter the final outcome.