Treatment of sex offenders with antiandrogenic medication: conceptualization, review of treatment modalities, and preliminary findings.

Sexual deviation disorders, or paraphilias, are diagnosable psychiatric syndromes manifested by 1) recurrent fantasies about deviant sex, 2) intense associated cravings, and 3) stereotypic behavioral responses. Pedophiles seek out children in response to their erotic thoughts and urges, whereas exhibitionists expose themselves. Paraphiliac syndromes ordinarily follow a chronic course and may be associated with biological pathology, but etiological factors are poorly understood. Treatment becomes a consideration when the well-being or rights of others are compromised. Proposed treatments have included psychotherapy, behavior therapy, surgery, and medication. Medroxyprogesterone acetate, which reduces testosterone, may diminish sexual preoccupation and urges, making self-control easier.

Field evaluation of a microtitration complement-fixation test for diagnosis of Mycoplasma gallisepticum in chickens.

Results of a direct microtitration complement-fixation (CF) test were compared with hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) test results in diagnosing Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) infection of chickens in the field. Of 16 flocks negative for MG by the HI test, eight were CF-positive. Of nine flocks that were HI-positive for MG, three were CF-negative. It was concluded that the CF test is not effective in diagnosing MG infection of chickens in the field.

An intermittent problem with tibial dyschondroplasia.

Broilers observed in the summer of 1978 had an excessively high incidence of tibial dyschondroplasia, causing both downgrading and loss of parts from broken legs. No etiological agent was determined. Birds held to 16 weeks of age retained the cartilaginous lesions. Bone ash was not diagnostic. Serology indicated no correlation with infectious bursal disease. No bacteria were isolated. The condition was not observed in the next placement of chicks.

An age-related coagulation disorder associated with experimental infection with infectious bursal disease virus.

Specific-pathogen-free White Leghorn chickens were inoculated with a field strain of infectious bursal disease virus. One group (A) was inoculated at 17 days after the chicks were hatched, and the other groups (C and E) were inoculated at posthatch day 42. Blood samples were obtained for determination of clotting times (whole blood recalcification, prothrombin, and activated partial thromboplastin times), virus-neutralizing antibody, and total hemolytic complement. There were significant increases in clotting times for groups C and E at 3 and 5 days after they were inoculated. There were no significant increases in clotting times at 3 days after inoculation in the group A chickens (inoculated at 17 days after hatching). There were no significant decreases in total complement activity in any of these chickens (groups A, C, and E). This study indicates that the mortality and clinical symptoms observed in chickens experimentally infected with infectious bursal disease virus may be associated with a clotting abnormality because it was noted only in chickens that developed severe clinical disease (inoculated at 42 days after hatching) and was not noted in chickens that remained clinically normal (inoculated at 17 days).

Factors related to the incidence of the malabsorption syndrome.

Malabsorption syndrome has been produced in the laboratory with chicks and feed supplied by poultry integrators who had experienced the problem. Feed supplied by one company produced chicks that developed pale shanks and had apparent malabsorption of certain nutrients. One chick source also had a statistically lower pigmentation score than the other.