[Cefamandol: pharmacokinetics with normal and impaired renal function (author's transl)]. / Cefamandol: Pharmakokinetik bei normaler und eingeschränkter Nierenfunktion.

1.0 g cefamandol was injected in 25 patients with various degrees of renal function. Half-life and distribution volume of this antibiotic and the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were then measured. The distribution volume was 18.5 +/- 3.5% of body weight, similar to the extracellular space. Half-life and GFR were related in a way which could be expressed in the formula: half-life = 400 sqaure root GFR. Levels of blood concentration of cefamandol could be estimated from half-life and GFR, with the construction of "isoconcentration dosages", by which it is possible to achieve levels similar to those in normal subjects receiving a normal dosage.

On the pharmacokinetics of latamoxef in normal and impaired renal function.

Pharmacokinetics of latamoxef (Moxalactam) have been investigated in 10 normal volunteers and 20 patients with impaired renal function after i.v. injection of 2 g. Elimination observed in normal volunteers can best be described by a two-compartment model. In the presence of impaired renal function elimination of latamoxef is markedly prolonged. The result is a larger area under the serum level curve (area under the curve; AUC). AUC and glomerular filtration rate (as well as AUC and plasma creatinine as approximate measure of renal function) can be brought into a mathematical relation. From these relations a dose reduction factor (DRF) can be derived. By means of this factor a dose can be calculated for each arbitrary degree of renal impairment which causes the same AUC that would be anticipated in a subject with normal renal function. Dosing proposals are given in tabular form. These allow to bring about, that in each conceivable degree of renal failure, an AUC would be reached as it would have been attained in normal subjects.