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1.
Int J Nurs Pract ; : e13255, 2024 Apr 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38622105

ABSTRACT

AIM: The aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of the bladder stimulation technique (BST) to collect urine samples from newborns and its effects on physiological parameters and comfort of the newborn. DESIGN: This was a randomized controlled trial conducted in a NICU. A total of 64 newborns were divided into 2 groups: 32 newborns in the experimental group and 32 newborns in the control group. METHODS: Newborns in the experimental group (EG) were subjected to the BST, and in the control group (CG), urine collection was via sterile urine bags, which is routine practice. Procedural success was defined as the collection of urine samples within 3 min of beginning the stimulation technique in the experimental group and of placing the sterile urine bag in the control group. RESULTS: The success rate of the procedure in 3 min was 62.5% in the EG and 28% in the CG (P = 0.006, absolute difference: 35%, 95% confidence interval 27% to 42%, NNT: 3). According to the comparison of the overall mean COMFORTneo scale and pain and distress subscale scores at the 1- and 3-min marks, there was a significant difference between the EG and CG (p < 0.05). The mean scores in the EG were higher than those in the CG. The mean oxygen-saturation was significantly lower in the EG than in the CG (p < 0.05), and the increase in heart rate was significantly higher in the EG (p = 0.018). CONCLUSIONS: BST is a more successful method within 3 min for collecting urine samples from newborns compared to sterile urine bags. However, the newborns' comfort levels minimally decreased at 3 min, and they had moderate pain and distress, while the BST was being implemented. This increase in physiologic parameters was statistically significant but not clinically significant.

2.
Sleep Breath ; 27(4): 1359-1363, 2023 08.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36372815

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Renin-angiotensin system (RAS) hyperactivity is a common entity in both autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). We aimed to investigate the frequency of OSA in adults with ADPKD either with stages 3-4 or stages 1-2 chronic kidney disease (CKD) and evaluate the effect of RAS blockade on OSA in these patients. METHODS: This is a comparative, prospective, two-center clinical study. Eligible patients with ADPKD were enrolled in a polysomnography (PSG) study. Presence of OSA in patients with ADPKD was compared with individuals who underwent polisomnography study due to OSA symptoms. A subgroup analysis was performed in terms of the presence of OSA in ADPKD with eGFR values lower or higher than 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 (stages 3-4 and stages 1-2 CKD, respectively). RESULTS: Frequency of OSA (65%) was higher than in the general population and similar between the two groups (p = 0.367). Patients with ADPKD and eGFR ≥ 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 presented a similar frequency of OSA to the control group (p = 0.759). However, OSA was significantly more frequent in ADPKD with eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 (p = 0.018). Subgroup analysis revealed that presence of OSA also was significantly higher in ADPKD with lower eGFR levels (eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 and eGFR > 60 ml/min/1.73 m2) 14/17 (82%) and 12/23 (52%), respectively (p: 0.048). CONCLUSION: As kidney disease progresses, uremia and related factors of renal failure rather than RAS activation seem to play a more important role for the development of OSA in patients with ADPKD.


Subject(s)
Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Dominant , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive , Adult , Humans , Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Dominant/complications , Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Dominant/diagnosis , Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Dominant/epidemiology , Renin-Angiotensin System , Prospective Studies , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/epidemiology , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/epidemiology , Glomerular Filtration Rate , Kidney
3.
J Perinat Neonatal Nurs ; 35(2): 188-195, 2021.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33900249

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this randomized controlled study was to determine the effect of 3 positions given to preterm infant during heelstick procedure on the pain and durations of crying and procedure. The sample of the study consisted of 90 preterm infants (30 in each group). The heelstick procedure was video recorded. Data from the pain scores, durations of crying, and procedure were collected watching the video recordings. It was determined that the pain mean score of the infants in the control group (supine on the crib) (5.50 ± 2.13) was statistically significantly higher than that of the infants in the positions of upright (3.00 ± 2.17) and supine on the lap (3.20 ± 2.46) (P < .01), and there was no difference between the positions of upright and supine on the lap (P > .05). Giving the positions of upright or supine on the lap during heelstick is effective in reducing pain, shortening the duration of crying, and calming down the infant. Heelstick in the position of upright on the lap shortened the procedure duration and allowed the infants to be subjected to less painful procedure. It is recommended for nurses to take the preterm infants on their laps during heel lancing and give them the upright position, in particular.


Subject(s)
Crying , Infant, Premature , Blood Specimen Collection , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Pain/etiology , Pain/prevention & control , Pain Management
4.
J Pediatr Nurs ; 54: e1-e8, 2020.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32680615

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: The purpose of the study is to investigate the effect of four body positions (supine, prone, left lateral, right lateral) on cardiorespiratory stabilization and comfort in preterm infants receiving Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (NCPAP). DESIGN AND METHODS: In the study conducted as a randomized crossover design, the sample was composed of 20 preterm infants receiving NCPAP therapy. At each change of position, the baby was allowed to stabilize for 15 min, and heart rate and oxygen saturation values were recorded every 10 min for the next 60 min. The comfort levels of the infants in each position were evaluated at 30th and 60th minutes using the Premature Infant Comfort Scale. RESULTS: At the end of the study, it was determined that there was no statistically significant difference between heart rate (p = .83), respiratory rate (p = .90) and oxygen saturation (p = .15) of the infants in terms of their positions. When the mean comfort scores of the preterm infants were compared in terms of position, it was found that there was a difference between the positions (p < .01). According to the scale evaluation, the highest comfort level of the infants was in the prone position, which was followed by right lateral, supine and left lateral positions. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Prone position was the most comfortable for preterm infants. However, comfort levels of preterm infants were also high enough in other positions so that no intervention is needed. In order to ensure comfort and cardiorespiratory stabilization, any of the four body positions can be chosen.


Subject(s)
Continuous Positive Airway Pressure , Infant, Premature , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Patient Positioning , Posture , Prone Position
5.
J Pak Med Assoc ; 65(6): 587-92, 2015 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26060151

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To assess the frequency of piercing and tattooing among university students and to determine the extent of risk-taking behaviour in this age group. METHODS: The descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at a university in Istanbul, Turkey, from December 2009 to February 2010. Data was obtained from students through a questionnaire. SPSS 20 was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Of the 1303 subjects, 838(64.3%) were girls. The overall mean age of the sample was 21.7±1.9 years. A total of 107 (8.2%) had piercings and 56(4.3%) had tattoos. It was seen that young people who had piercings and tattoos were significantly more likely (p<0.05) to exhibit certain types of risk behaviour including smoking, alcohol, substance abuse, extreme sports, carrying switchblades/knives, unprotected sexuality and having multiple sex partners. CONCLUSIONS: In the face of the steadily increasing fads of piercing and tattooing among the youth, families, teachers and health professionals need to be constantly on the alert.


Subject(s)
Alcohol Drinking/epidemiology , Body Piercing/statistics & numerical data , Risk-Taking , Smoking/epidemiology , Students/statistics & numerical data , Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiology , Tattooing/statistics & numerical data , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Male , Sports/statistics & numerical data , Turkey/epidemiology , Universities , Unsafe Sex/statistics & numerical data , Weapons/statistics & numerical data , Young Adult
6.
Nutr Clin Pract ; 39(2): 295-310, 2024 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37846552

ABSTRACT

Premature infants' gastric residual volume may be affected by position. This systematic review was conducted to examine the effect of lying position on the gastric residual volume of preterm newborns fed by gastric tube. Electronic databases (PubMed, MEDLINE, MEDLINE Complete, Academic Search Ultimate, CINAHL Complete, Cochrane, and Scopus) were searched for randomized controlled experimental or quasiexperimental studies in English published between 2011 and 2022 investigating the effect of one or more lying positions on gastric residual volume in premature newborns. The PICOS strategy was used in preparing and reporting the systematic review. A total of 304 articles were retrieved, and the full texts of 12 articles were evaluated for suitability. After eliminating the excluded articles, 10 articles were included in the analysis. The quality of evidence varied, with four studies judged to have poor quality whereas the remaining six were considered to range from moderate to good in quality. Based on the results obtained from the studies, it was determined that gastric residual volume was the least in the right lateral and prone positions and more in the left lateral and supine positions compared with the other two positions, with no difference between the two latter positions. The methodological differences, such as the evaluation of different positions, the timing of positioning and the duration of maintaining in the same position, and the measurement times of gastric residual volume made it difficult to reach a definitive proof. We concluded that high-evidence studies evaluating all positions are needed.


Subject(s)
Infant, Premature , Patient Positioning , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Humans , Residual Volume , Patient Positioning/methods , Supine Position , Stomach
7.
Thorac Res Pract ; 24(2): 76-84, 2023 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37503643

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Obstructive sleep apnea is associated with increased morbidity and mortality, especially cardiovascular and cerebrovascular, and affects a significant proportion of the population. The study was aimed to determine the levels of pro-brain natriuretic peptide, C-reactive protein, homocysteine, and cardiac markers (creatine kinase, creatine kinase isoenzyme MB, troponin T) and evaluate the effectiveness of continuous positive airway pressure therapy in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Pro-brain natriuretic peptide, C-reactive protein, homocysteine, and cardiac markers (creatine kinase, creatine kinase isoenzyme MB, troponin T) were assessed in blood samples collected before and after continuous positive airway pressure treatment from the 30 patients included in the study, and their results were compared. RESULTS: There was a significant decrease between the baseline pro-brain natriuretic peptide and the 6-month pro-brain natriuretic peptide values after continuous positive airway pressure therapy (P < .05). There was a significant increase in creatine kinase-MB and troponin T values 6 months after continuous positive airway pressure therapy compared to baseline values (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS: A significant decrease was observed in pro-brain natriuretic peptide values after continuous positive airway pressure therapy in obstructive sleep apnea patients without cardiac failure, while a more significant decrease was especially observed among hypertension patients. This finding suggests that pro-brain natriuretic peptide may be used as an early indicator of cardiac dysfunction in obstructive sleep apnea patients without any heart diseases except for hypertension.

8.
Mikrobiyol Bul ; 46(4): 671-5, 2012 Oct.
Article in Turkish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23188580

ABSTRACT

Bacteremia caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has a significant morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of real-time polymerase chain reaction (Rt-PCR) targeting nuc and mec genes in the culture extracts of blood culture systems for the early diagnosis of MRSA. A total of 48 samples that gave positive growth signal in BACTEC 9000 MB (BD, USA) and stained as gram-positive cocci, were included in the study. The samples were collected between 2009 and 2010. VITEC 2 (bioMerieux, France) system was used for the identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing of the isolates. According to the culture results, 15 of the isolates were methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci (MRCNS), four were MRSA, 14 were methicillin-susceptible coagulase- negative staphylococci (MSCNS) and 15 were methicillin-susceptible S.aureus (MSSA). However, Rt-PCR yielded 17 MRCNS, eight MRSA, 10 MSCNS and 13 MSSA results. Our findings indicated lack of concordance between blood culture and PCR technique. When the blood culture results were accepted as the gold standard for the determination of methicillin resistance, sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of Rt-PCR were found as 73%, 62%, 56% and 78%, respectively. In conclusion, in contrast to the expectations, Rt-PCR was not considered as an appropriate method for the detection of MRSA in routine diagnosis.


Subject(s)
Bacteremia/microbiology , Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus/isolation & purification , Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction/standards , Staphylococcal Infections/microbiology , Bacteremia/diagnosis , Bacterial Proteins/genetics , Humans , Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus/genetics , Micrococcal Nuclease/genetics , Penicillin-Binding Proteins , Predictive Value of Tests , Sensitivity and Specificity , Staphylococcal Infections/diagnosis
9.
Curr Pediatr Rev ; 19(1): 90-98, 2022.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35410609

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of non-nutritive sucking for analgesia in term infants undergoing heel-stick procedures. METHODS: Randomized controlled trials and non-randomized studies based on the PICO framework were included in the study. Review articles, commentary, pilot, and non-English articles were excluded. Databases, such as PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane, were searched until January 31st, 2021, using the keywords "Pain management", 'Non-nutritive sucking", and "Heel stick". All studies were reviewed and retrieved by two authors independently using a standardized form according to the inclusion criteria, and any disagreements were examined by a third scholar. Quality assessment was evaluated by using the ROB-2 tool. Data were analyzed using Stata version 12.0 software, and a random-effects model was used for analysis. RESULTS: A total of 5,629 articles were retrieved from all databases, and after the screening, finally, 6 relevant articles were included in the analysis. The tools used to control pain in infants in the articles included PIPP, NFCS, NIPS, and NPASS. The results showed that the pain scores were significantly lower in the NNS group compared to the control group (MD, -1.05; 95% CI, -1.53 to -0.57) and NNS had a significant effect on oxygen saturation (O2 Sat) increasing in newborns compared to the control group, but no significant reduction in the heart rate (HR) between two groups was observed. CONCLUSION: NNS effectively provides analgesia in full-term neonates undergoing heel-stick procedures; however, its effects on the long-term outcomes of infants are unclear. The results showed that NNS was effective in improving heel-stick pain in infants.


Subject(s)
Heel , Infant, Premature , Infant, Newborn , Humans , Infant , Infant, Premature/physiology , Intensive Care Units, Neonatal , Sucking Behavior , Pain/etiology , Pain/prevention & control
10.
ERJ Open Res ; 8(4)2022 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36299364

ABSTRACT

Background: The aim of this study is to determine the frequency of obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) in a study group with the diagnosis of subclinical hypothyroidism and in a control group without the diagnosis of subclinical hypothyroidism. This study compares these two groups in terms of demographic characteristics, chronic diseases and especially polysomnographic data. Methods: A total of 120 patients were included in this study. They consisted of 60 patients with newly diagnosed subclinical hypothyroidism and a control group of 60 patients with normal thyroid functions. Demographic, anthropometric, polysomnography data and Epworth Sleepiness Scale scores of the patients were recorded and compared. Results: Any significant difference in the frequency and severity of OSAS was not detected. A significant difference was found in the oxygen desaturation index (ODI), the apnoea-hypopnoea index (AHI) in rapid eye movement sleep, the AHI in supine sleep position and the arousal index of the group experiencing subclinical hypothyroidism with OSAS. Conclusion: This study showed that there was no increase in OSAS frequency in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism, but it demonstrated that the ODI and the arousal index were significantly increased in OSAS patients diagnosed with subclinical hypothyroidism. It is thought that the diagnosis and treatment of OSAS in these patients may be important in preventing cardiovascular complications.

11.
Turk Thorac J ; 23(2): 145-153, 2022 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35404247

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: As known, older age and comorbidities are associated with poor clinical outcomes in patients with coronavirus disease 19. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the Charlson Comorbidity Index in predicting poor clinical outcomes in coronavirus disease 19 patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Demographic characteristics and poor clinical outcomes (presence of pneumonia, respiratory failure, intensive care unit admission, and mortality) of the patients were evaluated retrospectively. Classical and modified Charlson Comorbidity Index was calculated and adjusted according to age. RESULTS: In this study, 106 women and 107 men were included. The comorbidity rate was 50.7% and the most common comorbidities were hypertension (21.6%) and diabetes mellitus (15%). The rates of respiratory failure, intensive care unit admission, and mortality were 15%, 2.3%, and 2.8%, respectively. Older age was a high risk for poor outcomes. Pneumonia (odds ratio: 6.6; 95% CI: 3.4-12.7), respiratory failure (odds ratio: 5.2; 95% CI: 2.03-13.2), and intensive care unit admission (odds ratio: 1.1; 95% CI: 1.01-1.1) were significantly higher in patients with comorbid diseases than patients without any comorbidity (P < .05). Both median-modified and classical Charlson Comorbidity Index and their age-adjusted scores were significantly higher in patients with poor outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: It is suggested that evaluation of the Charlson Comorbidity Index might contribute to the management of the patients with coronavirus disease 19 by predicting risk group for poor clinical outcomes and mortality.

12.
Sao Paulo Med J ; 139(4): 305-311, 2021.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34346962

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Using pain scales helps nurses in making early diagnoses and in assessing and managing pain symptoms and findings when developing a nursing care plan. OBJECTIVE: To determine the validity and reliability of the Turkish form of the Neonatal Infant Acute Pain Assessment Scale (NIAPAS). DESIGN AND SETTING: Prospective study conducted in Istanbul Bakirköy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. METHODS: 145 newborns in the 26th to 42nd gestational weeks that were receiving treatment and care in the neonatal intensive care unit were included in this study. A total of 1740 pain assessments were made by two independent observers on these 145 newborns. The research data was collected using a newborn description form, NIAPAS and the Neonatal Infant Pain Scale (NIPS). RESULTS: The scope validity index of NIAPAS was found to be between 0.90 and 1.00 and its Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.914. Correlations between characteristics and total scores (r = 0.20-0.82) were found to be sufficiently high. In an assessment on concurrency validity, there was a strong positive relationship between NIAPAS and NIPS scores (r = 0.73-0.82; P < 0.000). From kappa analysis (0.73-0.99) and intraclass correlation (r = 0.75-0.96), it was determined that there was concordance between the observers. CONCLUSION: NIAPAS was found to be a valid and reliable scale for evaluating acute pain in newborns.


Subject(s)
Acute Pain , Acute Pain/diagnosis , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Pain Measurement , Prospective Studies , Reproducibility of Results , Turkey
13.
Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) ; 67(6): 882-888, 2021 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34709335

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to determine the Turkish validity and reliability of COVERS. METHODS: This study was conducted on 41 newborns as methodological design. The scales, such as newborn information form, COVERS, preterm infant pain profile (PIPP), and neonatal infant pain scale (NIPS), were used in the study. Validity (e.g., language, content concurrent, and construct) and internal consistency and inter-rater reliability of the scale were conducted. RESULTS: It was found that COVERS showed a high correlation with PIPP and NIPS, and the item-total correlation of COVERS was above 0.30 during and after heel lance procedure. The Cronbach's α values were 0.77 and 0.83 during and after heel lance procedure, respectively. The kappa values of the items of COVERS were between 0.38 and 0.78 during heel lance procedure. CONCLUSIONS: It was concluded in this study that there was a moderate correlation in intraclass correlation coefficients for scores of COVERS during both diaper change and heel lance procedures. It has been concluded that the scale is valid and reliable in 27-week-old and older newborns.


Subject(s)
Infant, Premature , Language , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Pain/diagnosis , Pain Measurement , Reproducibility of Results
14.
Turk Thorac J ; 22(4): 339-345, 2021 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35110252

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the rate of pneumococcal pneumonia (PP) among patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in Turkey and to investigate and compare features of PP and non-PP CAP patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This multicenter, non-interventional, prospective, observational study included adult CAP patients (age ≥ 18 years). Diagnosis of PP was based on the presence of at least 1 positive laboratory test result for Streptococcus pneumoniae (blood culture or sputum culture or urinary antigen test [UAT]) in patients with radiographic findings of pneumonia. RESULTS: Four hundred sixty-five patients were diagnosed with CAP, of whom 59 (12.7%) had PP. The most common comorbidity was chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (30.1%). The mean age, smoking history, presence of chronic neurological disease, and CURB-65 score were significantly higher in PP patients, when compared to non-PP patients. In PP patients, 84.8% were diagnosed based ony on the UAT. The overall rate of PP patients among CAP was calculated as 22.8% considering the UAT sensitivity ratio of 63% (95% confidence interval: 45-81). The rate of intensive care treatment was higher in PP patients (P = .007). While no PP patients were vaccinated for pneumococcus, 3.8% of the non-PP patients were vaccinated (P = .235). Antibiotic use in the preceding 48 hours was higher in the non-PP group than in the PP group (31.8% vs. 11.1%, P = .002). The CURB-65 score and the rate of patients requiring inpatient treatment according to this score were higher in the PP group. CONCLUSION: The facts that PP patients were older and required intensive care treatment more frequently as compared to non-PP patients underline the burden of PP.

15.
Mikrobiyol Bul ; 44(2): 263-71, 2010 Apr.
Article in Turkish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20549961

ABSTRACT

The incidence of serious fungal infections, particularly invasive Candida infections exhibit an increasing trend in the last decades since the number of patients receiving immunosuppressive treatment is increasing. This situation eventually results in an increment in resistance to antifungal agents. The aim of this study was to compare the standard broth microdilution (BMD) and E-test methods for antifungal susceptibility testing of Candida species isolated from blood cultures in our hospital, against fluconazole, voriconazole, caspofungin and amphotericin B. A total of 46 Candida strains isolated from the blood cultures by BACTEC 9000 (Becton Dickinson, USA) and identified by conventional techniques and API 20C AUX (BioMerieux, France) during January 2006-December 2007, were included into this study. The identification results of the isolates were as follows: C. albicans (23), C. parapsilosis (10), C. tropicalis (5), C. krusei (3), C. famata (2), C. glabrata (1), C. guilliermondii (1), C. kefyr (1). The antifungal susceptibilities were determined by BMD method described in Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute M27-A3 document and E-test. Only two isolates (C. albicans and C. globrata) were found to be resistant to fluconazole with E-test but susceptible with BMD. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of caspofungin were higher (MIC = 1-2 microg/ml) in C. parapsilosis compared to other Candida species using E-test. Only one C. albicans was resistant to voriconazole by E-test (MIC = 4 microg/ml), but it was susceptible by BMD (MIC = 0.08 microg/ml). Since definite resistance breakpoints do not yet exist for amphotericin B, MIC values were considered for amphotericin B and it was found that all strains had identical low MIC values (< 0.002-0.5). When E-test results were compared with the standard BMD results, MIC values were in agreement 80.4% for fluconazole, 84.7% for amphotericin B, 95.6% for voriconazole and 93.4% for caspofungin. These results indicated that the most frequently isolated Candida species among blood cultures was C. albicans, followed by C. parapsilosis and these isolates had low antifungal resistance rates. When voriconazol and caspofungin susceptibilities were considered, both E-test and BMD susceptibility results were in good aggreement in comparison to fluconazol and amphotericin B. E-test can be considered as a compatible method for the antifungal susceptibility testing of Candida species compared to standard broth microdilution method.


Subject(s)
Antifungal Agents/pharmacology , Candida/drug effects , Candidiasis/microbiology , Fungemia/microbiology , Microbial Sensitivity Tests/standards , Humans , Microbial Sensitivity Tests/methods
16.
Contemp Nurse ; 55(4-5): 351-359, 2019.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31475608

ABSTRACT

Aim: To determine the effects of high- and low-fidelity simulators on student nurses' learning of heart and lung sounds.Background: Simulation is an important part of nursing education because it helps to improve patient care and provides patient security.Method: The sample consisted of 3rd and 4th year students who studied at a nursing faculty in Istanbul between April and June 2017. In this randomized controlled experimental study, students were randomly divided into 2 groups, the high-fidelity simulator group (HFS group, n = 36), and the low-fidelity simulator group (LFS group, n = 35).Results: The auscultation skill levels of the HFS group were significantly higher post-training in comparison to the pre-training measurement (P < .05). There were no significant differences in the auscultation skill levels of the LFS group between the pretest and posttest measurements.Conclusion: The use of high-fidelity simulators is more effective in the learning of heart and lung sounds by student nurses than low-fidelity simulators.


Subject(s)
Auscultation , Education, Nursing/methods , Heart/physiology , Lung/physiology , Students, Nursing , Humans
17.
Mikrobiyol Bul ; 42(2): 337-41, 2008 Apr.
Article in Turkish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18697432

ABSTRACT

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections are commonly seen in humans and are usually mild or asymptomatic. However, these infections have significant medical risks in pregnant women, newborns and immunocompromised patients. Seronegative subjects and infants acquire CMV through infected blood products or direct contact with infected people. The use of seronegative blood products for selected patients, as in newborns and/or immunosuppressed patients has vital importance in medical management. Providing seronegative blood in countries where the prevalence of CMV is high (>90%), is difficult since this requires screening of a great number of blood donations. The aim of this study was to detect the CMV seroprevalence among voluntary blood donors in Kocaeli (located at northwestern region of Turkey) and to determine whether the screening procedure was cost-effective. CMV-IgG was investigated by a commercial ELISA method (AXSYM, Abbott, USA) in 1264 blood donors who were voluntarily admitted to donate blood for newborns between January to December 2006. In 1229 (97.2%) of these donors CMV-IgG was found positive while it was negative in 35 (2.8%). It was estimated that CMV-IgG screening was not cost-effective to provide seronegative blood donations because of the high rate of seropositivity in Kocaeli as well as other regions of Turkey, so it would be more favorable to apply alternative methods such as leukocyte reduction.


Subject(s)
Blood Donors , Blood Transfusion/standards , Cytomegalovirus Infections/prevention & control , Cytomegalovirus/immunology , Immunocompromised Host , Adolescent , Adult , Antibodies, Viral/blood , Cytomegalovirus Infections/epidemiology , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Male , Mass Screening/economics , Middle Aged , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/prevention & control , Seroepidemiologic Studies , Turkey/epidemiology , Young Adult
18.
Turk J Haematol ; 25(4): 176-80, 2008 Dec 05.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27264919

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Transfusion transmitted hepatitis has been a severe problem in Turkey in pediatric cancer patients and in chronic congenital anemia. The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of hepatitis B, hepatitis C and human immunodeficiency virus infections in these patients in a University Hospital. METHODS: Multi-transfused 66 children (59 acute leukemia, 6 thalassemia major, 1 severe hereditary spherocytosis) diagnosed and followed-up between May, 2000 and December, 2006 were evaluated. Screening of all the patients for HbsAg, anti-HBs, anti-HBc, anti-HCV and anti-HIV was performed at presentation and during the last follow-up. Serologic studies of leukemic patients were also repeated at the end of the chemotherapy. Hepatitis B vaccination was administered to unvaccinated patients with anemia. All blood products were provided by Blood Bank of the Center. RESULTS: No patient was found HBsAg, anti-HCV or anti-HIV positive at diagnosis and at the end of the therapy. There was history of hepatitis B vaccination in only 42% of the patients at diagnosis due to administration of this vaccine to newborns since 1998. At the beginning of the study, 45 % (n=27) of the leukemic patients were immune for hepatitis B, but after completion of the intensive chemotherapy seropositivity persisted in only 28.8 % (n=17). CONCLUSION: Transmission of these viruses is no longer a real problem even in multitransfused immunosuppressed children in Pediatric Hematology Units as a result of the improvements in screening of voluntary blood donors, administration of disposable material in clinics and vaccination by hepatitis B.

19.
Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) ; 64(3): 243-252, 2018 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29641776

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between marital adjustment of mothers who have babies between 1-4 months old and their maternal attachment; as well as the relationship of maternal attachment and marital adjustment with sociodemographic characteristics. METHOD: The research is descriptive and correlational. Its sample consists of 113 mothers. Maternal Attachment Index (MAI) and Marital Adjustment Scale (MAS) are used as data collection tools. RESULTS: We found that, for mothers who participated in this research, the average level of maternal attachment is 92.17 ± 8.49, and the average level of marital adjustment is 43.06 ± 7.90. We discovered that the maternal attachment level is higher for mothers who have completed high school and university, those who breastfeed their babies exclusively and whose spouses help care for the baby. We also discovered that the Marital Adjustment Score is higher among mothers who are employed, get married by companionship (not arranged), continue attending pregnancy classes and whose duration of marriage is between 1-5 years and 10-15 years. There is weak positive relationship (r=0.38; p=0.00) between marital adjustment and maternal attachment; and the regression analysis that is run to explain this relationship is statistically significant (F=26.131; p<0.05). CONCLUSION: In our study, the level of maternal attachment was high, while the level of marital adjustment was liminal. There are many factors affecting sociodemographic characteristics, pregnancy and baby care. The level of marital adjustment for mothers increases the maternal attachment.


Subject(s)
Family Characteristics , Marriage/statistics & numerical data , Mother-Child Relations/psychology , Adolescent , Adult , Breast Feeding/psychology , Educational Status , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Marriage/psychology , Object Attachment , Spouses/psychology , Spouses/statistics & numerical data , Young Adult
20.
Mikrobiyol Bul ; 41(1): 87-93, 2007 Jan.
Article in Turkish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17427556

ABSTRACT

It is valuable to differentiate the inactive HBsAg carrier state from HBeAg negative chronic B hepatitis (CBH) which develops due to precore or core promoter region mutations in hepatitis B virus (HBV). The aim of this study was to investigate the role of HBsAg S/N (sample rate/index calibrator mean rate) levels in the differentiation of inactive HBsAg carriers from HBeAg negative CBH cases. A total of 134 HBsAg positive patients followed-up in Kocaeli University Medical Faculty hospital between June 2004-September 2005, were included to the study. The patients were classified into four groups according to their serological patterns (Group 1: HBeAg and HBV-DNA negative 34 cases with normal ALT levels; Group 2: HBeAg negative, anti-HBe positive, HBV-DNA >10(5) copies/ml, 36 cases with increased ALT levels; Group 3: HBeAg negative, anti-HBe positive, HBV-DNA 102-10(5) copies/ml, 32 cases with normal ALT levels; Group 4: HBeAg positive, HBV-DNA >10(5) copies/ml, 32 cases with increased ALT levels). The age and gender distributions of the groups were similar. HBV markers have been detected by microparticle enzyme immunoassay (AxSYM System, v3.0, Abbott Laboratories, USA), and viral load were investigated by real-time polymerase chain reaction (iCycler IQ, v3.0a, Bio Rad Laboratories, USA). As a result, the mean HBsAg S/N level in group 2 who were HBeAg negative with a viral load of >10(5) copies/ml, was found significantly higher than group 1 who were inactive HBsAg carriers (285.9+/-78.8 and 214.4+/-108.6, respectively; p<0.05). In contrast there was no statistically significant difference between group 1 (HBV-DNA negative) and group 3 (HBV-DNA <10(5) copies/mL) by means of mean HBsAg S/N levels (214.4+/-108.6 and 216.3+/-57.2, respectively; p>0.05). Although HBsAg levels seem to guide the differentiation of inactive HBsAg carriers from HBeAg negative CBH cases with high viral loads (>10(5) copies/ml), advanced studies are needed to clarify this relationship with the use of quantitative HBsAg measurements (IU/ml) in large patient groups and by performing mutation analysis.


Subject(s)
Carrier State/diagnosis , Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/blood , Hepatitis B e Antigens/blood , Hepatitis B virus/genetics , Hepatitis B, Chronic/diagnosis , Adult , Alanine Transaminase/blood , DNA, Viral/blood , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Hepatitis B Antibodies/blood , Hepatitis B e Antigens/immunology , Hepatitis B virus/immunology , Humans , Male , Middle Aged
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