ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND AIM: SIRT1 and PGC1α are two important genes, which play critical roles in regulating oxidative stress and inflammation processes. The study aimed assess the effects of coadministration of omega-3 and vitamin E supplements on SIRT1 and PGC1α gene expression and serum levels of antioxidant enzymes in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. METHODS AND RESULTS: Participants of this randomized controlled trial included 60 CAD male patients who were categorized into three groups: Group 1 received omega-3 (4 g/day) and vitamin E placebo (OP), group 2 omega-3 (4 g/day) and vitamin E (400 IU/day; OE), and group 3 omega-3 and vitamin E placebos (PP) for 2 months. Gene expression of SIRT1 and PGC1α in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCS) was assessed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Furthermore, serum antioxidant enzyme and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels were assessed at the beginning and end of the intervention. Gene expression of SIRT1 and PGC1α increased significantly in the OE group (P = 0.039 and P = 0.050, respectively). Catalase and hsCRP levels increased significantly in the OE and OP groups. However, glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels did not statistically change in all groups. The total antioxidant capacity (TAC) increased significantly in the OE group (P = 0.009) but not in OP and PP groups. CONCLUSION: Supplementation of omega-3 fatty acids in combination with vitamin E may have beneficial effects on CAD patients by increasing gene expression of SIRT1 and PGC1α and improving oxidative stress and inflammation in these patients.
Subject(s)
Antioxidants/metabolism , Catalase/blood , Coronary Artery Disease/drug therapy , Coronary Stenosis/drug therapy , Dietary Supplements , Docosahexaenoic Acids/administration & dosage , Eicosapentaenoic Acid/administration & dosage , Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha/blood , Sirtuin 1/blood , Vitamin E/administration & dosage , Biomarkers/blood , C-Reactive Protein/metabolism , Coronary Angiography , Coronary Artery Disease/blood , Coronary Artery Disease/diagnostic imaging , Coronary Artery Disease/enzymology , Coronary Stenosis/blood , Coronary Stenosis/diagnostic imaging , Coronary Stenosis/enzymology , Dietary Supplements/adverse effects , Docosahexaenoic Acids/adverse effects , Double-Blind Method , Eicosapentaenoic Acid/adverse effects , Glutathione Peroxidase/blood , Health Status , Humans , Inflammation Mediators/blood , Iran , Male , Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha/genetics , Sirtuin 1/genetics , Superoxide Dismutase/blood , Therapeutics , Time Factors , Up-Regulation , Vitamin E/adverse effectsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Proinflammatory cytokines have been known to play a considerable part in the pathomechanisms of chronic heart failure (CHF). Given the importance of proinflammatory cytokines in the context of the failing heart, we assessed whether the polymorphisms of interleukin (IL)-1 gene cluster, including IL-1α, IL-1ß, and IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) and IL-1R gene are predictors of CHF due to ischemic heart disease. METHODS: Forty- three patients with ischemic heart failure were recruited in this study as patients group and compared with 140 healthy unrelated control subjects. Using polymerase chain reaction with sequence-specific primers method, the allele and genotype frequency of 5 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the IL-1α (-889), IL-1ß (-511, +3962), IL-1R (psti 1970), and IL-1RA (mspa1 11100) genes were determined. RESULTS: The frequency of the IL-1ß -511/C allele was significantly higher in the patient group compared to that in the control group (p = 0.031). The IL-1ß (-511) C/C genotype was significantly overrepresented in patients compared to controls (p = 0.022). CONCLUSIONS: Particular allele and genotype in IL-1ß gene were overrepresented in patients with ischemic heart failure, possibly affecting the individual susceptibility to this disease (Tab. 1, Ref. 27).
Subject(s)
Heart Failure/genetics , Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein/genetics , Interleukin-1/genetics , Myocardial Ischemia/genetics , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics , Receptors, Interleukin-1/genetics , Adult , Aged , Alleles , Case-Control Studies , DNA Primers , Female , Gene Frequency , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Genotype , Heart Failure/diagnosis , Humans , Interleukin-1alpha/genetics , Interleukin-1beta/genetics , Male , Middle Aged , Multigene Family , Myocardial Ischemia/diagnosis , Polymerase Chain ReactionABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: we investigated the outcomes of stenting with overlapping drug-eluting stents (DES) versus overlapping stenting with a combination of drug-eluting and bare metal stents (BMS) in very long coronary lesions (≥ 25 mm). METHODS AND RESULTS: fifty-two patients treated with either overlapping DES-DES (n = 22) or DES-BMS (n = 30) were selected from a registry of 588 patients with very long coronary lesions. Patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI) within the preceding 48 hours were excluded. The DES-DES combination was more frequently used for longer lesions compared with the DES-BMS group (47.95 ± 9.25 vs 39.98 ± 9.15 mm, p = 0.003). Left anterior descending artery lesions were also more frequently treated with the DES-DES combination (95.5 vs 66.7%, p = 0.02). In four patients in the DES-BMS group, overlapping stents were used for the coverage of dissections. Peri-procedural non-Q-wave MI occurred in one patient in the DES-BMS group. On follow up, only one case of non-fatal MI occurred in a patient with overlapping DES-DES. CONCLUSION: overlapping a BMS in the proximal part of a long DES instead of exclusive deployment of two or more overlapped DES seems to be a safe and feasible therapeutic strategy in our practice.