ABSTRACT
Aim: To evaluate the prevalence rate of sleep disorders in various age and professional groups of the population - residents of different regions of Russia and to estimate the relative role of environmental, work-related and life style factors in their progression. Materials and Methods: 6 groups of the population including more than 2500 adults and children - residents of areas with various levels of environmental pollution were examined with the use of the structured questionnaire. Working conditions of state employees and health care professionals were examined. Statistical analysis including the calculation of odds ratios for sleep disorders was performed Results: Disorders of the sleep maintenance among adults were found in 49% of men and 51% of women in Moscow; 49.3% of men and 26.7% of women in Voronezh. Air pollution and noise levels increased risks of insomnia by 10% and 20% respectively. In the city of Serpukhov (the Moscow Region) 78.7% of girls and 94.1% of boys estimated their sleep as deep and sound; in the Great Novgorod so did 69.2% girls and 66.0% boys. A trend (R=0.97) for the increasing of the prevalence rate of insomnia symptoms among children with the age was revealed. In working populations there was shown the positive correlation between the prevalence rate of sleep disorders and job environment, hardness of the work (r=0.28) and work-related stress (odds ratio = 1.8). Conclusion: Harmful environmental factors, life style, hardness of the work and work related stress are independent risk factors of chronic insomnia.
Subject(s)
Environmental Exposure , Life Style , Occupational Stress , Sleep Wake Disorders , Adult , Child , Environmental Exposure/adverse effects , Environmental Exposure/analysis , Environmental Exposure/prevention & control , Female , Humans , Male , Occupational Stress/complications , Occupational Stress/epidemiology , Occupational Stress/prevention & control , Prevalence , Public Health/methods , Public Health/statistics & numerical data , Russia/epidemiology , Sleep Wake Disorders/epidemiology , Sleep Wake Disorders/etiology , Sleep Wake Disorders/prevention & control , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
The impact of the low-alcohol tonic (energizing) carbonated drinks on biochemical and hematological indices, on the functional state of the central nervous system and cardiovascular system was studied within the experiment over the outbred white male rats. The gained results were compared to indices of animals receiving the same concentrated solution of ethanol used for drinks preparation as well as to figures of intact group animals. The results gained from all compared animals groups had no significant differences.
Subject(s)
Alcoholic Beverages/adverse effects , Carbonated Beverages/adverse effects , Energy Drinks/adverse effects , Animals , Humans , Male , RatsABSTRACT
Chronic sleeplessness is a prevalent sleep disorder with negative influence on workers' health state. The study demonstrated role of chronic stress at work in sleep disorders formation, specified mechanisms of negative influence caused by chronic sleeplessness on cardiovascular system and immune state of workers, suggested scientifically based prevention pattern.
Subject(s)
Occupational Diseases/epidemiology , Occupational Exposure/adverse effects , Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders/epidemiology , Female , Humans , Male , Occupational Diseases/etiology , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Russia/epidemiology , Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders/etiology , Stress, Psychological/complications , Stress, Psychological/epidemiologyABSTRACT
The existing system of motivating the population of Russian Federation to lead a healthy lifestyle is insufficient. The authors substantiate the necessity of a strategy of forming a healthy lifestyle which would be based on the analysis of hygienic features of problem situations concerning health and the environment (regional differences are taken into account). The strategy should fulfill collective- and individual-directed propagandistic programs with broad application of modern informational and propagandistic techniques under the leadership of Russian Ministry of Health, which is considered to be one of priority directions in active motivation towards a healthy lifestyle.
Subject(s)
Environmental Pollution , Health Promotion , Life Style , Preventive Medicine , Adult , Child , Female , Humans , Male , RussiaABSTRACT
Complex investigations of worker-training process have revealed that priority within the process of choosing professon and vocational training is not given to hygienic problems concerning health of workers to be. The main stages of training do not have a common hygienic goal of improving health of workers to be and making their professional work more reliable. The authors substantiate the necessity for creating a common vocational training system based upon system analysis principles and providing for the consistent maintenance and improvement of students' health throughout the training process, including such stages as vocational guidance, vocational selection and training, to prolong professional longevity of qualified workers.
Subject(s)
Child Welfare , Health Promotion , Vocational Education , Adolescent , Adult , Age Factors , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Russia , Systems AnalysisABSTRACT
The authors suggested a concept of occupational training as four-level system with the subsystems (orientation, selection, education, adaptation) integrated functionally for longer and more effective occupational life. More intensive occupational training through modern educational technologies was proved to strengthen health and qualification of professional schools' graduates providing longer occupational life.