[The humanization of medical education: publications review].

The humanization of medical education is targeted at integration of humanitarian values and approaches into system of education of medical personnel to improve their professional and personal training. This process includes education in medical ethics, development of communication skills, stress management and implementation of humanitarian disciplines into the curriculum. The humanization contributes into formation of empathy, responsibility and professionalism in future physicians that helps to better understand and consider psychological, social and emotional needs of patients. The problems of including humanitarian sciences into medical education are associated with lack of systematic approach, adequate curricula and qualified lecturers. To optimize process, it is necessary to focus on education of ideals and beliefs, development of integrated curricula and enhancement of humanitarian component of education.

[Social networks as a space of communication on health issues].

Social media is bringing a new dimension to healthcare as it offers an environment through which the public, patients, and healthcare professionals can report health issues with the possibility of potentially improving health outcomes. Social networks are a powerful tool that ensures cooperation between users and is a mechanism of social interaction for a wide range of people. Although the use of social networks for communication in the field of health has a number of advantages, the exchange of information must be monitored for quality and reliability, as well as to preserve the confidentiality of users.

[POPULARIZATION OF TOURISM, HEALTHY LIFESTYLE, PHYSICAL AND SOCIAL ACTIVITY IN THE PROGRAMS OF ACTIVE LONGEVITY OF SENIOR CITIZENS].

The article presents data on sports, active forms of leisure, travel among elderly Russians. An important conclusion is made that health promotion by means of active recreation and sports among senior citizens in Russia is one of the directions of active longevity policy. An overview of charitable foundations for senior citizens of the Russian Federation and their activities in promoting an active lifestyle among elderly citizens is presented.

[Patient's way from acute pulmonary embolism to chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension: diagnostic and treatment options].

Сhronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is a serious, under - diagnosed but potentially curable complication of pulmonary embolism (PE) due to medicine advancements. Lack of specific symptoms and signs makes its diagnosis challenging, requiring clinicians to be ready to suspect its presence in patients with dyspnea of unknown origin or persistent symptoms after the pulmonary embolism event. The success of the treatment of this disease depends entirely on early diagnosis. The complexity of the differential diagnosis is due to the problematic aspects including the lack of doctors' awareness of both the pathology itself and the possibilities of its modern treatment. Recently, in our country, the problem of the availability of expert centers with sufficient experience in providing highly specialized medical care to this rather difficult category of patients who need specific therapy has become very actual. The aim of this review is to provide contemporary information about epidemiology, pathophysiology, and clinical features of treating patients with CTEPH, and also, to increase awareness of potential PE→CTEPH transformation. In the article a 4-year - period of experience of the Meshalkin National Medical Research Center on management of CTEPH patients has been presented.

[Use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for pulmonary haemorrhage after pulmonary endarterectomy]. / Primenenie ékstrakorporal'noi membrannoi oksigenatsii pri legochnom krovotechenii posle legochnoi éndarteréktomii.

Pulmonary haemorrhage is one of the most severe complications of pulmonary endarterectomy. To the most effective methods of combating this potentially fatal complication belongs extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). In this article we describe a clinical case report regarding intraoperative use of central veno-arterial ECMO for pulmonary haemorrhage following thromboendarterectomy from the pulmonary arteries. According to the data of some authors, long-term ECMO support (for more than 4 days) may lead to such severe consequences as rethrombosis of pulmonary arteries and impairment of cerebral circulation. In our case we managed to avoid such complications, taking into consideration that the duration of ECMO amounted to 21 days. Resulting from the carried out comprehensive therapeutic measures by the time of discharge from hospital, a significant decrease in pulmonary artery pressure was achieved, with events of residual pulmonary hypertension.

[Radiofrequency Pulmonary Artery Ablation for Treatment of Residual Pulmonary Hypertension After Pulmonary Endarterectomy].

OBJECTIVE: to assess the safety and efficiency of radiofrequency pulmonary artery ablation for treatment of residual pulmonary hypertension after pulmonary endarterectomy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Radiofrequency pulmonary artery denervation (PADN) was performed in 16 patients (10 men, mean age 39 years [26; 51]). Indication for PADN was mean pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) >25 mm Hg with absence of proximal pulmonary artery lesion according to computer tomography. PADN procedure was performed with nonfluoroscopic 3D navigation system. RESULTS: After PADN mean PAP decreased from 37.3 mm Hg [29; 38] to 24.6 mm Hg [17; 30] (p=0.01); pulmonary vascular resistance decreased from 672 dyn·s·c -5 [387; 566] to 386 dyn·s·c -5 [155; 449] (р=0.02); cardiac output increased from 3.4 l / min [3.2; 3.4] to 3.5 l / min [3.2; 4.0] (p=0.4); 6­minute walk test distance increased from 427 meters [352; 510] to 447 meters [370; 525] (p=0.16), respectively. CONCLUSION: Initial results allow to assume that radiofrequency pulmonary artery denervation combined with optimal medical therapy may take its rightful place in the treatment of this category of patients.

[The action of the alkanol ammonium salts of aroxyacetic acids on the thrombocyte aggregation process]. / Deistvie alkanolammonievykh solei aroksiuksusnykh kislot na protsess agregatsii trombotsitov.

Tris(2-hydroxyethyl)ammoniates of ezo-substituted aroxyalkane-carboxylic acids were examined for their effects on in vitro platelet aggregation under the influence of biogenic amines, as well as in lipid peroxidation. Hemocoagulation was evaluated in vivo. The agents tested were demonstrated no be a promising class of platelet aggregation inhibitors. They possess antioxidative effects, by reducing the level of malonic dialdehyde in induced hyperaggregation and the rate of lipid peroxidation. When given to animals, the agents decreased the activity of prothrombin factors.

[Sulfide ooze mud and sodium chloride baths in treating osteoarthrosis patients]. / Sul'fidnaia ilovaia griaz' i khloridnye natrievye vanny v lechenii bol'nykh osteoartrozom.

Humoral immunity initially affected in patients with osteoarthrosis returns to normal under the influence of a multiple-modality treatment involving application of sulphide moor in combination with sodium chloride baths.

[A comparison of the effect of tranquilizers in experiments and clinical practice]. / Sravnenie éffekta trankvilizatorov v éksperimente i klinicheskoi praktike.

Experimental and clinical study of the analgesic effects of mebicar and benzodiazepine series tranquilizers (sibazon and chlozepid) and their combinations with non-narcotic analgesics (amidopyrin, pyranal) or local anesthetic lidocaine has demonstrated a more marked effect of benzodiazepine derivatives on pain sensitivity thresholds as against mebicar. Tranquilizer combinations with other analgesics helped define the optimal premedication variants: benzodiazepine derivative augment analgesic activity whereas mebicar potentiates lidocaine effect.

[Blood proteins, thiol group metabolism and testosterone content in prostatic dysfunction]. / Belki krovi, metabolizm tiolovykh grupp i soderzhanie testosterona pri disfunktsii predstatel'noi zhelezy

A study was made of the blood serum proteins, thiol groups, aldolase activity, testosterone content in rabbits under conditions of insufficiency of the prostate gland caused by its suturing. It was revealed that at the late postoperative periods there was an increase in the blood serum proteins of albumin fraction, and a reduction of the thiol group level (SH-free, masked and disulfide). Aldolase activity increased at the early periods and then sharply fell. The incretory function of the testes was disturbed.

[Experimental analysis of embichin interaction with human serum albumin]. / Eksperimental'nyi analiz vazimodeistviia émbikhina s syvorotochnym al'buminom cheloveka.

Study of embichin binding to human serum albumin in vitro by gel chromatography and fluorescence has shown that embichin is bound to human serum albumin with an association constant of 3.3 x 10(3) M-1. Interaction of embichin and albumin, that is reversible in the initial stages, transforms to irreversible on long-term contact of the protein with the drug. Experiments with cell culture indicate that the interaction with albumin potentiates the cytotoxic action of embichin.