[Endoscopic Interventional Treatment of Precancerous Lesions and Early Carcinoma of the Esophagus - Criteria and Techniques of Local Ablation and Resection]. / Endoskopisch interventionelle Behandlung von Malignitätsvorstufen und des Frühkarzinomes des Ösophagus.

Endoscopic Interventional Treatment of Precancerous Lesions and Early Carcinoma of the Esophagus - Criteria and Techniques of Local Ablation and Resection Abstract. Early carcinomas of the esophagus can safely be resected endoscopically and interventionally under very strict conditions (ER). In contrast to ablative procedures (radiofrequency ablation, cryo-ablation, argon plasma coagulation, photodynamic therapy), which can only be recommended for Barrett's or low-grade dysplasia, ER - which is called EMR (endoscopic mucosal resection in adenocarcinoma) or more in-depth ESD (endoscopic submucosa dissection in squamous cell carcinoma) - a defined, histologically examinable preparation. This is required starting with high-grade dysplasia, since 50% of patients with biopsy-confirmed high-grade dysplasia after ER already have an invasive carcinoma in the specimen. This diagnostic gap is thus also closed with an interventional ER. ER is therefore an option for high-grade dysplasia in Barrett's, carcinoma in situ (Cis) and conditionally in T1a (adeno- and squamous cell carcinoma) and early T1b tumors (adenocarcinoma).

[Complications and Management of Complications After Resection and Reconstruction of the Esophagus]. / Komplikationen und Komplikationsmanagement nach Resektion und Rekonstruktion der Speiseröhre.

Complications and Management of Complications After Resection and Reconstruction of the Esophagus Abstract. A curative therapy of advanced esophagus carcinoma is primarily made possible by radical esophagectomy with lymphadenectomy. Impressive advances in the surgical techniques of esophageal surgery through minimally invasive and robotic oesophagectomy have been made in the last two decades. The perioperative management with prehabilitation, PDK application, early mobilization and early food intake also contributed significantly to a reduction in complications. However, esophageal surgery is fraught with complications. Anastomotic leakage is the most common technical-surgical complication. The rate is approximately 10-16%, independent of the technique and procedure. In addition to an experienced, subtle, atraumatic and rapid surgical technique, early detection (clinical, endoscopic, radiological) and adequate, interdisciplinary management of perioperative complications in resecting esophageal surgery are the key to increasing the safety of these complex interventions. The treatment of the complications includes conservative, interventional and surgical measures. In the last few decades, there has been a radical change from once exclusively surgical revisions with a high degree of invasiveness and a poor outcome to today's mostly conservative-interventional management with little patient burden and - in centers with the appropriate expertise - good results.

Microbiologic analysis of peri-pancreatic fluid collected during EUS in patients with pancreatitis: impact on antibiotic therapy.

BACKGROUND: Pancreatitis is a potentially life-threatening condition frequently accompanied by peri-pancreatic fluid collections (PPFC), such as pseudocysts or pancreatic necrosis. Aspiration of PPFCs during EUS interventions for microbiologic analysis is still rarely performed in clinical routine. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the role of routine microbiologic analysis of PPFCs and its impact on antibiotic therapy in patients with pancreatitis. DESIGN: Prospective, observational, multicenter study. SETTING: Four treatment centers. PATIENTS: A total of 44 consecutive patients who presented for endoscopic treatment of PPFCs were included. INTERVENTION: Concomitantly, PPFC during intervention and concomitant blood cultures were obtained. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: Microbiologic examination of PPFCs and blood samples. RESULTS: Colonization of PPFCs was found in 59% of PPFC cultures, whereas all but 2 concomitant blood cultures showed no microbial growth. Risk factors for a colonization were the presence of necrosis (P = .006), acute pancreatitis (P = .033), leukocytosis (P = .001), elevated C-reactive protein levels (P = .003), fever (P = .02), turbid material (P = .031), and longer hospital stay (P = .003). In 23 patients with fluid colonization despite empiric antibiotic therapy, the treatment had to be adjusted in 18 patients (78%) according to the observed antibiotic susceptibility profile. LIMITATIONS: Contamination cannot be totally excluded. CONCLUSION: The microbiologic colonization of PPFCs in patients with pancreatitis is common. Only the direct microbiologic analysis of PPFCs, but not of blood cultures, is useful to optimize an effective antibiotic therapy in patients with pancreatitis.