A rare cutaneous infection with Mycobacterium chelonae in a pediatric patient treated with trametinib for KRAS-mutated diffuse glioma.

Mitogen-activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase inhibitors (MEKi) represent a promising new therapy for pediatric patients with low-grade gliomas, which frequently have abnormal signaling within the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAP kinase) pathway. However, understanding of long-term efficacy and toxicity is limited in pediatric glioma patients. This article describes a rare presentation of a widespread cutaneous infection with Mycobacterium chelonae in a pediatric patient with a low-grade glioma treated with trametinib.

Dermatologic conditions in Down syndrome.

Down syndrome (DS) is the most common chromosomal condition and affects many organs including the skin. Dermatologists are an integral part of the DS care team. This is a review of both common and rare dermatologic conditions in DS. We provide practical strategies for a successful dermatology interview and examination. We explore the downstream effects of trisomy of chromosome 21, in particular on the immune system, and how these insights may enhance our pathophysiologic understanding of their cutaneous conditions.