ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Posttransplant outcomes among recipients with a diagnosis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) or restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) remain controversial. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of a nationwide registry of first-time recipients undergoing isolated heart transplant between 1984 and 2021. One-year and 5-year mortality in recipients with HCM and RCM were compared with those with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). RESULTS: We included 3703 patients (3112 DCM; 331 HCM; 260 RCM) with a median follow-up of 5.0 [3.1-5.0] years. Compared with DCM, the adjusted 1-year mortality risk was: HCM: HR, 1.38; 95%CI, 1.07-1.78; P=.01, RCM: HR, 1.48; 95%CI, 1.14-1.93; P=.003. The adjusted 5-year mortality risk was: HCM: HR, 1.17; 95%CI, 0.93-1.47; P=.18; RCM: HR, 1.52; 95%CI, 1.22-1.89; P<.001. Over the last 20 years, the RCM group showed significant improvement in 1-year survival (adjusted R2=0.95) and 5-year survival (R2=0.88); the HCM group showed enhanced the 5-year survival (R2=0.59), but the 1-year survival remained stable (R2=0.16). CONCLUSIONS: Both RCM and HCM were linked to a less favorable early posttransplant prognosis compared with DCM. However, at the 5-year mark, this unfavorable difference was evident only for RCM. Notably, a substantial temporal enhancement in both early and late mortality was observed for RCM, while for HCM, this improvement was mainly evident in late mortality.
Subject(s)
Cardiomyopathy, Dilated , Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic , Cardiomyopathy, Restrictive , Heart Transplantation , Humans , Cardiomyopathy, Restrictive/surgery , Retrospective Studies , Prognosis , Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic/diagnosis , Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic/surgery , Cardiomyopathy, Dilated/surgery , RegistriesSubject(s)
COVID-19 , Organ Transplantation , Humans , Organ Transplantation/adverse effects , Biomarkers , Transplant RecipientsABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: The present article reports the characteristics and results of heart transplants in Spain since this therapeutic modality was first used in May 1984. METHODS: We describe the main features of recipients, donors, surgical procedures, and results of all heart transplants performed in Spain until December 31, 2015. RESULTS: A total of 299 cardiac transplants were performed in 2015, with the whole series comprising 7588 procedures. The main transplant features in 2015 were similar to those observed in recent years. A remarkably high percentage of transplants were performed under emergency conditions and there was widespread use of circulatory assist devices, particularly continuous-flow left ventricular assist devices prior to transplant (16% of all transplants). Survival has significantly improved in the last decade compared with previous time periods. CONCLUSIONS: During the last few years, between 250 and 300 heart transplants have consistently been performed each year in Spain. Despite a more complex clinical context, survival has increased in recent years.