A unilateral hemothorax as a presenting manifestation of mediastinal spindle cell sarcoma.

The article presents the case of a 73-year-old female injured in a bicycle accident, who was diagnosed with a left hemothorax. Initially, a chest drain was inserted and the pleural hematoma was evacuated. Then a thoracotomy was performed. A hematoma debridement and decortication with a subsequent tissue biopsy was carried out and a final diagnosis of spindle cell sarcoma was made. There is a brief discussion on the differential diagnosis of spontaneous hemothorax and its management.

Malignant thymoma - the most common neoplasm in goats.

In the literature the occurrence of thymomas in goats varies from 0.7 to 25%, depending on the study. Therefore the current investigation was carried out to determine the prevalence of thymoma in goats in Poland. Between 2007 and 2018 at the Warsaw Veterinary Faculty 399 goat autopsies and ultrasound examinations of the chest in other 145 goats were performed. Mediastinal tumors were diagnosed during post mortem examination in 2 goats. Additionally, ultrasound examination of the chest revealed a large mass close to the heart in the thoracic cavity in 1 case. This goat was euthanized and an autopsy confirmed a mediastinal tumor. Histopathological examination, with immunohistochemical tests to anti cytokeratin, p63 and p40 confirmed thymomas in all three cases. In our study thymomas were found in 0.5% (95% CI: 0.1% to 1.8%) of examined goats and they represented the most common malignancy in this species.

[Cytomegalic disease as a cause of disseminated lung lesions in an immunosuppressed patient]. / Cytomegalia jako przyczyna masywnych zmian rozsianych w plucach u chorego w immunosupresji.

A case of disseminated lesions in the lungs was diagnosed just during autopsy as cytomegalic infection. 54-year old patient treated since 10 years because of lymphoplasmacytoid lymphoma of low malignancy was admitted to Institute of Tuberculosis with suspicion of miliary tuberculosis. The high temperature, pemphigus--like skin lesions and disseminated lesions in the chest X-ray appeared immediately after succeeding chemotherapy. Tuberculous bacilli. Aspergillus fumigatus and Pneumocystis carinii were not found in examined materials (BALF, blood, urine, skin and mucous lesions). Patient died after 3 days and typical lesions of cytomegalovirus infection were found only after autopsy in macroscopic picture of the lungs.

[A rare mediastinal neoplasm in the form of a hemangioma]. / Rzadka forma rozrostu nowotworowego w sródpiersiu pod postacia naczyniaka.

Hemangiomas of the mediastinum are rare tumors. They represent fewer than 0.5% of the mediastinal tumors. Because of their rarity, the diagnosis and treatment of these tumors is difficult. We present a case of venous hemangioma of the mediastinum in a young woman. Despite of routine examination applied in mediastinal tumors the appropriate diagnosis was not done by the accessible methods.

Interferon gamma production in the course of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.

It is not clear why some individuals with unknown predisposition develop tuberculosis, while others remain healthy in spite of heavy exposure. Interferon gamma (IFNgamma) is considered to be the key cytokine responsible for resistance to M. tuberculosis infection, as confirmed by increased susceptibility to mycobacterial infections in rare inherited defects in IL-12-IFNgamma axis. The aim of this study was to assess the IFNgamma production by peripheral blood lymphocytes from immunocompetent tuberculosis (TB) patients. The study group included 51 TB patients. In all cases, TB was confirmed by culture. Twenty healthy TB contacts were considered as control group. Commercially available ELISA-based assays were used to measure IFNgamma in the supernatant of whole blood cell cultures after stimulation with PWM (Phytolacca Americana), PHA (phytohemagglutynin), and PPD (purified protein derivative). No difference in IFNgamma secretion between the patients and control group was found when blood cells were stimulated by PWM or PHA. PPD-induced IFNgamma formation was higher in TB patients than in controls. The secretion of IFNgamma after non-specific stimulation varied in different clinical and radiological presentation of tuberculosis and it was lower in most advanced and extensive forms of the disease. It is unclear whether the difference in formation and release of IFNgamma is a primary or secondary phenomenon in the course of the disease.