ABSTRACT
The increasing amount of industrial waste generates a need for its use as recycled materials. The paper presents the results of hygienic assessment of metallurgic slag crushed stone to be added to natural materials in highway building. The research program has included the measurement of content of water-soluble forms of metals, the evaluation of the acute toxicity of waste after oral administration to mice and rats, the study of the toxicity of waste by biotesting and the activity of natural radionuclides. The slag crushed stone virtually lacks water-soluble elements when it contains a high level of bulk forms of metals. According to acute toxicity for warm-blooded animals, the slag crushed stone belongs to Hazard Class IV by GOST 12.1.007-76 (low hazard substances). The biotesting on hydrocoles, the slag crushed stone is also referred to as Class IV (low hazard substances). In terms of the level of natural radionuclides, the slag crushed stone poses no hazard to the environment. The performed studies give grounds to recommend metallurgical slag crushed stone to be added to natural materials for highway building.
Subject(s)
Construction Materials/analysis , Hygiene/standards , Industrial Waste/analysis , Metals, Heavy/analysis , Occupational Diseases/diagnosis , Occupational Exposure/analysis , Transportation , Animals , Construction Materials/adverse effects , Disease Models, Animal , Industrial Waste/adverse effects , Mice , Occupational Diseases/chemically induced , Occupational Exposure/adverse effects , RatsABSTRACT
The paper discusses a problem of high occupational and occupation-induced overall morbidity in medical workers and shows that a discrepancy between the existing system for individual protection of the personnel and specific working conditions and hazardous factors is one of the causes. The authors have developed regional guidelines "Enhancing the efficiency of individual respiratory protection in the workers of health care facilities" which provide evidence-based guidelines for the usage of certified, ergonomically acceptable respiratory protective means at the health care facilities. The main task of medical recommendations is to change the established stereotype in using lowly effective gauze bandages and surgical protective facial masks as respiratory protective means at the therapeutic-and-prophylactic institutions for the personnel.
Subject(s)
Guidelines as Topic , Health Personnel , Occupational Diseases/prevention & control , Occupational Exposure/prevention & control , Respiratory Protective Devices/standards , Respiratory Tract Diseases/prevention & control , Equipment Design , Equipment Safety , HumansABSTRACT
Increasing of the allergization of the population in industrial regions caused by chemical pollution of the air was noted. Some changes in respiratory tract and blood count were reported also.
Subject(s)
Air Microbiology , Air Pollutants/adverse effects , Asthma/chemically induced , Bronchitis/etiology , Candidiasis/etiology , Chemical Industry , Hydrocarbons/adverse effects , Industrial Microbiology , Petroleum , Adult , Bronchitis/chemically induced , Child , Humans , RussiaABSTRACT
Advances of new data transfer technologies in medicine enable distant consultations for far places residents. Scandinavian countries, especially Sweden, have accumulated significant experience with using television medicine in dermatology. Applying television medicine technologies in occupational dermatology is the most topical item for Nizhny Novgorod region. In these cases transfer could cover not only images of diseased skin sites, but also text (history description and other medical information). International cooperation with foreign colleagues including Swedish doctors is considered prospective.
Subject(s)
Occupational Diseases/diagnosis , Occupational Diseases/therapy , Skin Diseases/diagnosis , Skin Diseases/therapy , Telemedicine/methods , Humans , International Cooperation , SwedenABSTRACT
Studying female reproductive health in city with developed chemical industry, the authors revealed significant difference in character and incidence of disorders between the chemical workers and general population. Calculated dependence of some reproductive disorders on values of chemicals in the air helps to forecast the risk degree.
Subject(s)
Chemical Industry , Environmental Exposure/adverse effects , Hazardous Substances/adverse effects , Occupational Diseases/chemically induced , Reproduction/drug effects , Adult , Catchment Area, Health , Female , Humans , Occupational Diseases/epidemiology , Russia/epidemiologyABSTRACT
Investigation results made it possible to make a conclusion that implementation of the developed recommendations has stabilized the sanitary state of the water reservoir and lately has significantly improved it. The future ways to improve water reservoirs in the area of location of big chemical enterprises have been determined.
Subject(s)
Chemical Industry , Water Pollution, Chemical/prevention & control , Evaluation Studies as TopicABSTRACT
It is established that utilization of pond's acid tar and n-butyl-acrylate vat residue for the binding roadway covering composition and its further application are associated with the release of a significant amount of noxious substances into the air of the work zone and inhabited areas. A set of activities, directed at the reduction of negative influence of the given technology on the sanitary state of the workplace and community air has been developed.